I-Flu Shots Yabantu Abadala: Izinhlobo, Izindleko, Nezizathu Zokukuthola

-Delile

• Izinhlobo zemikhuhlane yabantu abadala asebekhulile
• Iyiphi inketho ekulungele kakhulu?
• Ziyini izindleko zomkhuhlane?
• Kungani abantu abadala kufanele bathole umkhuhlane?
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Umkhuhlane yisifo esithathelanayo sokuphefumula esingadala izimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Kuyingozi ikakhulukazi ngenkathi ubhadane lwe-COVID-19 luseseyinkinga.

Umkhuhlane ungagadla noma ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka, yize ukuqubuka kuvame ukwanda ekwindla nasebusika. Abanye abantu abathola umkhuhlane bayalulama cishe emasontweni amabili kuya kwamabili ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu.

Kubantu abadala ikakhulukazi - labo abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu - umkhuhlane ungadala izinkinga ezisongela impilo. Yingakho kubalulekile kubantu abadala ukuba bathole umkhuhlane waminyaka yonke.

Nakhu odinga ukukwazi mayelana nemikhuhlane yabantu abadala, kufaka phakathi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene nezizathu zokuthola eyodwa.

Izinhlobo zemikhuhlane yabantu abadala asebekhulile

Ukudutshulwa komkhuhlane wonyaka kuvunyelwe kubantu abaningi abaneminyaka eyi-6 nangaphezulu. Umuthi wokugoma uvame ukunikezwa ngomjovo, kepha kunezinye izinhlobo ezikhona. Nazi ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokudutshulwa komkhuhlane:

• i-high-dose flu flu
• umkhuhlane osetshenzisiwe
• umkhuhlane we-intradermal shot
• umuthi wokugoma ngamakhala

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuqubuka komkhuhlane akulona usayizi ofanayo. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokudutshulwa komkhuhlane, kanti ezinye zenzelwe amaqembu athile eminyaka.

Uma ungumuntu ophakeme futhi ucabanga ukuthola umkhuhlane odutshulwe kule sizini, kungenzeka ukuthi udokotela wakho ancome umkhuhlane owenzelwe abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu, njengomuthi wokugomela umthamo omkhulu noma umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane.

Uhlobo olulodwa lomuthi wokugomela abantu abadala asebekhulile lubizwa ngeFluzone. Lo ngumuthi wokugoma olingana nomthamo omkhulu. Umuthi wokugoma odonsa kanzima uvikela izinhlobo ezintathu zaleli gciwane: umkhuhlane A (H1N1), umkhuhlane A (H3N2), negciwane lomkhuhlane uB.

Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane usebenza ngokukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwama-antibody emzimbeni wakho angavikela igciwane lomkhuhlane. Ama-antigen yizinto ezishukumisa ukukhiqizwa kwala ma-antibodies.

Umuthi wokugomela umthamo omkhulu wenzelwe ukuqinisa ukuphendula kwamasosha omzimba kubantu abadala asebekhulile, ngaleyo ndlela kwehliswe ubungozi bokutheleleka.

Ukuphetha ngokuthi umuthi wokugomela umthamo omkhulu usebenza ngempumelelo ephezulu kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu kunomuthi wokugomela umthamo ojwayelekile.

Omunye umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane yiFLUAD, isilinganiselo esilinganiselwe esilinganiselwe esenziwe nge-adjuvant. I-Adjuvant ngesinye isithako esikhiqiza impendulo eqinile yomzimba. Futhi yakhelwe ngqo abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu.

Iyiphi inketho ekulungele kakhulu?

Uma uthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane, ungazibuza ukuthi ngabe enye inketho ingcono kunezinye. Udokotela wakho angakukhomba kulowo okufanele akusebenzele kangcono.

Eminyakeni ethile, isifutho samakhala asizange sinconywe ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokusebenza. Kepha kunconywa kokubili isifutho nesifutho samakhala esizini yomkhuhlane ka-2020 kuya ku-2021.

Ngokwengxenye enkulu, umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane uphephile. Kepha kufanele ubuze nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokukuthola uma unokulandelayo:

• ukungezwani namaqanda
• ukungezwani komzimba ne-mercury
• Isifo se-Guillain-Barré (GBS)
• ukusabela okubi phambilini emuthini wokugoma noma izithako zawo
• umkhuhlane (linda kuze kube ngcono ngaphambi kokuthola umkhuhlane)

Akuyona into engavamile ukuzwa izimpawu ezinjengemikhuhlane ngemuva kokugoma. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukunyamalala ngemuva kosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Eminye imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile yomuthi wokugoma ifaka ukudabuka nokubomvu endaweni yokujova.

Ziyini izindleko zomkhuhlane?

Ungaba nokukhathazeka ngezindleko zokuthola ukugoma komkhuhlane wonyaka. Izindleko ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi uyaphi nokuthi unomshuwalense yini. Kwezinye izimo, ungakwazi ukuthola umkhuhlane mahhala noma ngezindleko eziphansi.

Amanani ajwayelekile ohlobo lokugomela umkhuhlane wabantu abadala aphakathi, kuye ngomuthi owutholayo kanye nokutholakala kwakho komshuwalense.

Buza udokotela wakho ngokuthola umkhuhlane lapho uvakashele ihhovisi. Amanye amakhemisi nezibhedlela emphakathini wakho zingakunikeza imigomo. Ungacwaninga nemitholampilo yomkhuhlane ezikhungweni zomphakathi noma ezikhungweni eziphezulu.

Qaphela ukuthi abanye babahlinzeki abajwayelekile njengezikole nezindawo zokusebenza kungenzeka bangabanikeli kulo nyaka ngenxa yokuvalwa ngesikhathi sobhadane lwe-COVID-19.

Sebenzisa amawebhusayithi afana ne-Vaccine Finder ukuthola izindawo eziseduze nawe ezinikeza umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane, futhi uxhumane nabo ukuqhathanisa izindleko.

Ngokushesha uthola umuthi wokugoma, kuba ngcono. Ngokwesilinganiso, kungathatha amasonto amabili ukuthi umzimba wakho ukhiqize amasosha omzimba okuvikela umkhuhlane. ICenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) incoma ukuthola umkhuhlane ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba.

Kungani abantu abadala kufanele bathole umkhuhlane?

I-flu shot ibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abadala asebekhulile ngoba bavame ukuba namasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.

Lapho amasosha omzimba engaqinile, kuba nzima emzimbeni ukulwa nezifo. Ngokufanayo, amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka angaholela ezinkingeni ezihlobene nomkhuhlane.

Izifo zesibili ezingakhula nomkhuhlane zihlanganisa:

• izifo zendlebe
• izifo zesinus
• i-bronchitis
• inyumoniya

Abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu basengozini enkulu yezinkinga ezinkulu. Eqinisweni, kulinganiselwa ukuthi okuningi njengokufa okuhlobene nomkhuhlane ngezikhathi ezithile kwenzeka kubantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu. Futhi, kuze kufike kumaphesenti angama-70 okulaliswa esibhedlela okuhlobene nemikhuhlane kwenzeka kubantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu.

Uma ugula ngemuva kokuthola ukugoma, umkhuhlane unganciphisa ubunzima bezimpawu zokugula.

Ukuzivikela emkhuhlaneni kuya ngokuya kubaluleke ngenkathi i-COVID-19 iyisici.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Umkhuhlane ukutheleleka ngegciwane okungaba yingozi, ikakhulukazi kubantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu.

Ukuze uzivikele, buza udokotela wakho ngokuthola umgomo wokugomela umkhuhlane omkhulu. Okufanelekile, kufanele uthole umuthi wokugoma ekuqaleni kwesizini, cishe ngoSepthemba noma ngo-Okthoba.

Khumbula ukuthi izinhlobo zomkhuhlane ziyahlukahluka unyaka nonyaka, ngakho-ke lungela ukuvuselela ukugoma kwakho inkathi elandelayo yomkhuhlane.