Amatshe amatshe amade

-Delile

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Ama-gallstones akha lapho izakhi ze-bile ziqina zibe izingcezu ezincane, ezinjengetshe ku-gallbladder. Iningi lama-gallstones enziwa ikakhulukazi nge-cholesterol elukhuni. Uma i-bile yetshezi iqukethe i-cholesterol eningi kakhulu, noma i-gallbladder ayitheli ngokuphelele noma kaningi ngokwanele, ama-gallstones angakha.

Ngubani osengozini?

Abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe kabili okuthi amadoda abe nenyongo. I-hormone yesifazane i-estrogen inyusa amazinga e-cholesterol enyameni futhi yehlise ukunyakaza kwe-gallbladder. Umphumela uba mkhulu kakhulu ekukhulelweni njengoba amazinga e-estrogen ekhuphuka. Lokhu kusiza ukuchaza ukuthi kungani abesifazane abaningi bethuthukisa ama-gallstones lapho bekhulelwe noma ngemuva kokuthola ingane. Ngokunjalo, uma uthatha amaphilisi okulawula inzalo noma ukwelashwa nge-hormone yokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, unethuba elikhulu lokuthuthukisa amatshe enyongo.

Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ube namatshe enyongo uma:

• ube nomlando womndeni wama-gallstones
• zikhuluphele ngokweqile
• udle ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, okunamafutha amaningi
• ngehlise isisindo esiningi ngokushesha
• bangaphezu kuka-60
• angamaMelika aseMelika noma amaMelika aseMexico
• thatha izidakamizwa ezehlisa i-cholesterol
• unesifo sikashukela

Izimpawu

Kwesinye isikhathi i-gallstone ayinazo izimpawu futhi ayidingi ukwelashwa. Kodwa uma ama-gallstones ethuthela emiseleni ethwala i-bile esuka ku-gallbladder noma esibindini ukuya emathunjini amancane, angabangela "ukuhlaselwa" kwe-gallbladder. Ukuhlasela kuletha ubuhlungu obungaguquki engxenyeni engenhla yesisu esingakwesokudla, ngaphansi kwehlombe elingakwesokudla, noma phakathi kwamahlombe ehlombe. Yize ukuhlaselwa kuvame ukudlula lapho amatshe enyongo eqhubekela phambili, kwesinye isikhathi itshe lingafakwa emgodini wenyongo. Ipayipi elivinjiwe lingadala umonakalo omkhulu noma ukutheleleka.

Izimpawu zokuxwayisa zomgudu we-bile ovinjiwe

Uma unanoma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu zomgudu we-bile ovinjiwe, bheka udokotela wakho ngokushesha:

Izinhlungu ezihlala ngaphezu kwamahora ama-5

* isicanucanu nokuhlanza

* imfiva

* isikhumba esiphuzi noma amehlo

* indle enombala wobumba

Ukwelashwa

Uma unamatshe enyongo angenazimpawu, awudingi ukwelashwa. Uma uthola ukuhlaselwa kwe-gallbladder njalo, udokotela wakho uzokuncoma ukuthi ususe i-gallbladder yakho-ukuhlinzwa okubizwa nge-cholecystectomy.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa ukususa i-gallbladder-isitho esingabalulekile-kungenye yokuhlinzwa okuvame ukwenziwa kubantu abadala e-United States.

Cishe wonke ama-cholecystectomies enziwa nge-laparoscopy. Ngemuva kokukunikeza umuthi ozokulalisa, udokotela ohlinzayo usike kancane esiswini bese efaka i-laparoscope nekhamera yevidiyo encane. Ikhamera ithumela isithombe esikhulisiwe esisuka ngaphakathi emzimbeni kwi-video monitor, enikeza udokotela ohlinzayo ukubuka okusondele kwezitho nezicubu. Ngenkathi ebuka ukuqapha, udokotela ohlinzayo usebenzisa izinsimbi ukuhlukanisa ngokucophelela i-gallbladder esibindini, emibhobho yenyongo, nakwezinye izakhiwo. Khona-ke udokotela ohlinzayo usika i-cystic duct futhi akhiphe i-gallbladder ngenye yezindawo ezincane ezisikiwe.

Ukululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-laparoscopic ngokuvamile kuhilela ubusuku obubodwa kuphela esibhedlela, futhi umsebenzi ojwayelekile ungaqalwa kabusha ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa usekhaya. Ngenxa yokuthi imisipha yesisu ayinqunywa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwe-laparoscopic, iziguli zinobuhlungu obuncane kanye nezinkinga ezimbalwa kunangemva kokuhlinzwa "okuvulekile", okudinga ukusikwa okungu-5- kuya ku-8 intshi esiswini.

Uma ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi i-gallbladder inokuvuvukala okukhulu, ukutheleleka, noma izibazi ezivela kokunye ukuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo angase enze ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile ukuze akhiphe i-gallbladder. Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kuhlelwe; kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi lezi zinkinga zitholakala ngesikhathi se-laparoscopy futhi udokotela ohlinzayo kufanele enze imbobo enkulu. Ukululama ekuhlinzeni okuvulekile ngokuvamile kudinga izinsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 esibhedlela kanye namasonto ambalwa ekhaya. Ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kuyadingeka cishe kumaphesenti ama-5 wokusebenza kwe-gallbladder.

Inkinga ejwayelekile kakhulu ekuhlinzweni kwe-gallbladder ukulimala emibhobho ye-bile. Umgudu ovamile we-bile olimele ungavuza i-bile futhi ubangele ukutheleleka okubuhlungu nokungaba yingozi. Ukulimala okuncane ngezinye izikhathi kungelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Ukulimala okukhulu, nokho, kubi kakhulu futhi kudinga ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe.

Uma amatshe enyongo ekhona emiseleni yenyongo, udokotela-ngokuvamile oyi-gastroenterologist-angasebenzisa i-ERCP ukuze awathole futhi awasuse ngaphambi noma phakathi nokuhlinzwa kwenyongo. Kwesinye isikhathi, umuntu oke waba ne-cholecystectomy kutholakala ukuthi unetshe lenyongo emathanjeni enyongo, amasonto, izinyanga, noma ngisho neminyaka ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Inqubo ye-ERCP ngokuvamile iphumelela ekususeni itshe kulezi zimo.

Ukwelashwa okungasetshenziswanga

Izindlela zokuhlinza zisetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni ezikhethekile-njengalapho isiguli sinesimo esibi sezempilo esivimbela ukuhlinzwa-futhi kuphela ngamatshe e-cholesterol. Amatshe avame ukuvela phakathi neminyaka emi-5 ezigulini ezilashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa.

• Ukwelashwa kokuqedwa komlomo. Izidakamizwa ezenziwe nge-bile acid zisetshenziselwa ukuncibilikisa amatshe enyongo. Izidakamizwa i-ursodiol (Actigall) ne-chenodiol (Chenix) zisebenza kangcono kakhulu ematsheni amancane e-cholesterol. Izinyanga noma iminyaka yokwelashwa kungadingeka ngaphambi kokuthi wonke amatshe ancibilike. Yomibili le mithi ingase ibangele isifo sohudo esincane, futhi i-chenodiol ingase inyuse okwesikhashana amazinga e-cholesterol egazini kanye ne-enzyme yesibindi i-transaminase.
  
• Thintana nokwelashwa kokuqedwa. Le nqubo yokuhlola ifaka ukujova umuthi ngqo kwi-gallbladder ukuze uqede amatshe e-cholesterol. Umuthi-methyl tert-butyl ether-ungancibilikisa amanye amatshe ezinsukwini ezi-1 kuya kwezi-3, kodwa udala ukucasuka futhi ezinye izinkinga ziye zabikwa. Inqubo ihlolwa ezigulini ezinesifo ngamatshe amancane.

Ukuvimbela

Nazi ezinye izinyathelo ongazithatha ukusiza ukuvimbela ama-gallstones:

• Gcina isisindo esinempilo.
• Uma udinga ukunciphisa umzimba, kwenze kancane-ungadluli ½ kuye kumakhilogremu amabili ngesonto.
• Yidla ukudla okunamafutha aphansi, ne-cholesterol ephansi.

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