Kuyini iGigantomastia?

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Kubangelwa yini?
• Izinhlobo ze-gigantomastia
• Kutholakala kanjani?
• Izinketho zokwelashwa
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Imithi
• Ingabe kukhona izinkinga?
• Uyini umbono?

Ukubuka konke

IGigantomastia yisimo esingajwayelekile esidala ukukhula ngokweqile kwamabele abesifazane. Amacala kuphela abikiwe ezincwadini zezokwelapha.

Imbangela ngqo ye-gigantomastia ayaziwa. Isimo singenzeka ngokungahleliwe, kodwa futhi sibonakale senzeka ngesikhathi sokuthomba, ukukhulelwa, noma ngemuva kokuthatha imishanguzo ethile. Akuveli emadodeni.

Ukukhula kwamabele kungenzeka esikhathini esiyiminyaka embalwa, kodwa kube nezimo ezithile ze-gigantomastia lapho amabele sowesifazane ekhula khona izinkomishi ezintathu noma ngaphezulu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ezinye izimpawu zifaka phakathi ubuhlungu besifuba, izinkinga zokuma, izifo, nobuhlungu beqolo.

Ngenkathi i-gigantomastia ibhekwa njengesimo esingahlanzekile (esingenomdlavuza), ingakhubaza ngokomzimba uma ingalashwa. Kwezinye izimo, lesi simo sixazulula sodwa, kepha abesifazane abaningi abane-gigantomastia bazodinga ukuhlinzwa ukunciphisa ibele noma i-mastectomy.

IGigantomastia nayo iya ngamanye amagama, kufaka phakathi ibele hypertrophy ne-macromastia.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Uphawu oluyinhloko lwe-gigantomastia ukugcwala ngokweqile kwezicubu zesifuba esifubeni esisodwa (unilateral) noma womabili amabele (womabili). Ukukhula kungenzeka kancane esikhathini esiyiminyaka embalwa. Kwabanye besifazane, ukukhula kwamabele kwenzeka ngokushesha ngokuhamba kwezinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto ambalwa.

Ayikho incazelo eyamukelwa umhlaba wonke yenani lokukhula. Abaphenyi abaningi bachaza i-gigantomastia njengokukhuliswa kwebele okudinga ukwehliswa kwama-gram ayi-1 000 kuya ku-2 000 ebeleni ngalinye.

Ezinye izimpawu ze-gigantomastia zifaka:

• ubuhlungu besifuba (i-mastalgia)
• ubuhlungu emahlombe, emuva, nasentanyeni
• ububomvu, ukunwaya, nokufudumala noma ngaphansi kwamabele
• ukuma kabi
• izifo noma amathumba
• ukulahlekelwa ingono ukuzwa

Izinkinga zobuhlungu nokuma komzimba zivame ukubangelwa isisindo eseqile samabele.

Kubangelwa yini?

Indlela ngqo lapho i-gigantomastia ivela ngayo emzimbeni ayiqondakali kahle. Izakhi zofuzo nokuzwela okwandayo kwamahomoni abesifazane, njengeprolactin noma i-estrogen, kucatshangwa ukuthi kudlala indima. Kwabanye besifazane, i-gigantomastia yenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kwesizathu esisobala.

IGigantomastia ihlotshaniswe ne:

• ukukhulelwa
• ukuthomba
• ezithile, njenge:
  • I-D-penicillamine
  • bucillamine
  • neothetazone
  • cyclosporine
• izimo ezithile ezizimele, kufaka phakathi:
  • uhlelo lupus erythematosus
  • Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
  • isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga okungamahlalakhona
  • myasthenia gravis
  • ukhwekhwe

Izinhlobo ze-gigantomastia

IGigantomastia ingahlukaniswa ngama-subtypes amaningana. Ama-subtypes ahlobene nomcimbi okungenzeka ukuthi udale isimo.

Izinhlobo ze-gigantomastia zifaka:

• I-gigantomastia yokukhulelwa noma yokukhulelwa kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Le subtype kucatshangwa ukuthi idalwa ama-hormone okukhulelwa, imvamisa phakathi ne-trimester yokuqala. Kwenzeka ekukhulelweni okukodwa kuphela kokungu-100 000.
• I-gigantomastia eyenzelwe ukuthomba noma yentsha kwenzeka ngesikhathi sobusha (phakathi kweminyaka eyi-11 ne-19), mhlawumbe ngenxa yamahomoni ezocansi.
• Imithi- noma i-gigantomastia eyenziwe ngemithi kwenzeka ngemuva kokuthatha imithi ethile. Ngokuvamile, kubangelwa umuthi owaziwa nge-D-penicillamine, osetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo samathambo, isifo sikaWilson, ne-cystinuria.
• Idiopathic gigantomastia kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo, ngaphandle kwesizathu esisobala. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-gigantomastia.

Kutholakala kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzothatha umlando wezokwelapha nowomndeni futhi enze ukuhlolwa komzimba. Ungabuzwa imibuzo mayelana:

• usayizi webele lakho
• ezinye izimpawu
• usuku lokuya esikhathini kwakho kokuqala
• noma imiphi imithi oyithathe muva nje
• uma ungakhulelwa

Uma ungumuntu osemusha, udokotela wakho angenza ukuxilongwa kwe-gigantomastia uma amabele akho ekhula ngokushesha ngemuva kokuya esikhathini kokuqala. Isikhathi esiningi, ezinye izivivinyo zokuxilonga azidingeki ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho asole ukuthi unenye inkinga eyimbangela.

Izinketho zokwelashwa

Akukho ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kwe-gigantomastia. Isimo sivame ukuphathwa ngokwamacala ngamacala. Ukwelashwa okokuqala kuhloswe ekwelapheni noma yikuphi ukutheleleka, izilonda, ubuhlungu nezinye izinkinga. Isibonelo, ama-antibiotic, ukugqoka okufudumele, kanye nemithi yezinhlungu ezithengiswayo kunganconywa.

I-gigantomastia ekhulelwe ingase ihambe yodwa ngemuva kokubeletha. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlinzwa kubhekwa ukunciphisa usayizi wamabele.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa ukunciphisa usayizi wamabele kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlinzwa kokuncishiswa kwamabele. Kuyaziwa nangokuthi ukunciphisa ama-mammoplasty. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kokuncishiswa kwamabele, udokotela ohlinzayo weplastiki uzokwehlisa inani lezicubu zamabele, asuse isikhumba esiningi, abeke ingono nesikhumba esimnyama okuzungezile. Ukuhlinzwa kuthatha amahora ambalwa. Kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela ubusuku obubodwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Uma ukhulelwe, kungadingeka ukuthi ulinde kuze kube ngemuva kokuqeda ukuncelisa ibele ukuze uhlinzwe ukunciphisa ibele. Uma ungumuntu osemusha, udokotela wakho angafuna ukuthi ulinde kuze kuphele ukuthomba ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kunamathuba amaningi okuphinda kwenzeke. Ungacelwa ukuthi uvakashele udokotela wakho ukuze ahlolwe futhi ahlolwe ngokomzimba njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngalesi sikhathi.

Olunye uhlobo lokuhlinzwa, olwaziwa njenge-mastectomy, lunezinga eliphansi kakhulu lokuphindeka. I-mastectomy ifaka phakathi ukususa zonke izicubu zamabele. Ngemuva kwe-mastectomy, ungathola okufakwa ebeleni. Kodwa-ke, i-mastectomy kanye nokufakelwa kungahle kungabi yindlela yokwelashwa engcono kakhulu ngenxa yobungozi bezinkinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iningi labesifazane ngeke likwazi ukuncelisa ngemuva kwe-mastectomy ephindwe kabili. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngezingozi nezinzuzo zohlobo ngalunye lokuhlinzwa.

Imithi

Udokotela wakho angahle anikeze imishanguzo ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kokuncishiswa kwamabele ukusiza ukumisa ukukhula kwamabele. Lokhu kungafaka:

• i-tamoxifen, i-estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) ekhethiwe esetshenziswa ekwelashweni komdlavuza webele
• i-medroxyprogesterone (iDepo-Provera), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-control control shot
• i-bromocriptine, i-dopaminergic receptor agonist evame ukusetshenziselwa isifo sika-Parkinson esiye saboniswa ukuthi simisa ukukhula kwamabele
• i-danazol, umuthi ovame ukwelashwa i-endometriosis kanye nezimpawu zesifo sesifuba se-fibrocystic kwabesifazane

Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kwale mithi ekwelapheni i-gigantomastia kuyehluka. Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka.

Ingabe kukhona izinkinga?

Ukukhuliswa kwamabele ngokweqile kanye nesisindo eseqile samabele kungaholela ezinkingeni zomzimba, kufaka phakathi:

• ukunwebeka ngokweqile kwesikhumba
• ukuqubuka kwesikhumba ngaphansi kwamabele
• izilonda esikhunjeni
• ubuhlungu bentamo, ihlombe, nomhlane
• ikhanda
• i-asymmetry yebele (lapho ibele elilodwa likhulu kunelinye)
• ukulimala kwezinzwa okwesikhashana noma unomphela (ikakhulukazi izinzwa ze-intercostal yesine, yesihlanu, noma yesithupha), okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwemizwa yengono
• ubunzima bokudlala imidlalo noma ukuzivocavoca, okuholela ekukhuluphaleni

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabele amakhulu ngokweqile angaholela ezinkingeni ezingokwengqondo, ezingokomzwelo nezenhlalo. Isibonelo, intsha enalesi sifo ingahlukunyezwa noma ihlaziswe esikoleni. Lokhu kungaholela ku:

• ukudana
• ukukhathazeka
• izinkinga zesithombe somzimba
• ukugwema imisebenzi yomphakathi

Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe noma abesifazane abasanda kubeletha, i-gigantomastia ingaholela ku:

• ukukhula kabi kombungu
• ukukhipha isisu okuzenzakalelayo (ukukhulelwa kwesisu)
• ukucindezelwa kokutholakala kobisi
• i-mastitis (ukutheleleka kwesifuba)
• amabhamuza namanxeba ngoba ingane ayikwazi ukugcwala kahle; amanxeba angaba buhlungu noma atheleleke

Uyini umbono?

Uma ingalashwa, i-gigantomastia ingaholela ezinkingeni zokuma nezinkinga zangemuva, ezingakhubaza ngokomzimba. Kungadala nokutheleleka okuyingozi, izingqinamba zomzimba, kanye nezinkinga zokukhulelwa. Ezimweni ezingavamile, umuntu one-gigantomastia angadinga ukuba ne-mastectomy ephuthumayo ngenxa yezinkinga. IGigantomastia ayibangeli umdlavuza futhi ayisakazeki kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Ukuhlinza ukunciphisa amabele kubhekwa njengokwelapha okuphephile futhi okusebenzayo. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ukuthomba nokukhulelwa okubangelwa i-gigantomastia kungahle kwenzeke ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kokuncishiswa kwebele. I-Mastectomy inikeza ukwelashwa okucacile kwe-gigantomastia.