Konke Ofuna Ukukwazi Nge-Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Kuyini i-OCD?
• Izimpawu
• Ukuqaphela
• Ukuphoqeleka
• Ukwelashwa
• Imithi
• Ukwelashwa
• Yini ebangela i-OCD?
• Izinhlobo ze-OCD
• I-OCD ezinganeni
• I-OCPD ne-OCD
• Ukuxilongwa kwe-OCD
• Izici zobungozi ze-OCD

Ukubuka konke

Isifo se-Obsessive-compulsive (OCD) yisimo sempilo yengqondo esingalapheki esivezwa ukukhathazeka okuholela ekuziphatheni okucindezelayo.

Abantu bavame ukuhlola kabili ukuze baqiniseke ukuthi bakhiye umnyango wangaphambili noma bahlala begqoka amasokisi abo enenhlanhla ezinsukwini zemidlalo - amasiko noma imikhuba elula ebenza bazizwe bephephe ngokwengeziwe.

I-OCD idlulela ngaphezu kokuhlola kabili okuthile noma ukwenza umkhuba wosuku lomdlalo. Umuntu otholwe ene-OCD uzizwa ephoqelekile ukwenza imikhuba ethile kaninginingi, noma ngabe bengafuni - futhi noma ngabe kuyinkimbinkimbi impilo yabo ngokungadingekile.

Kuyini i-OCD?

Isifo se-Obsessive-compulsive (OCD) sibonakala ngemicabango ephindaphindayo, engadingeki (ukuthatheka) nokungacabangi, ukunxenxa ngokweqile ukwenza izenzo ezithile (ukuphoqelelwa).

Yize abantu abane-OCD bengazi ukuthi imicabango kanye nokuziphatha kwabo akunangqondo okunengqondo, bavame ukungakwazi ukubamisa.

Izimpawu

Imicabango ebukekayo noma indlela yokuziphatha ephoqelekile ehlotshaniswa ne-OCD ngokuvamile ihlala ngaphezu kwehora usuku ngalunye futhi iphazamise impilo yansuku zonke.

Ukuqaphela

Lokhu kuyimicabango noma imizwa ecasulayo eyenzeka kaninginingi.

Abantu abane-OCD bangazama ukungabanaki noma ukubacindezela, kepha bangesaba ukuthi ngandlela thile imicabango ingaba yiqiniso.

Ukukhathazeka okuhambisana nokucindezelwa nakho kungaba kukhulu kakhulu ukuthi kungabekezeleleka, kubenze bahlanganyele ekuziphatheni okuyimpoqo ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka kwabo.

Ukuphoqeleka

Lezi yizenzo eziphindaphindwayo ezisusa okwesikhashana ingcindezi nokukhathazeka okulethwa ukukhathazeka. Imvamisa, abantu abanokuphoqelelwa bakholelwa ukuthi le micikilisho izovimbela okuthile okubi ukuthi kungenzeki.

Funda kabanzi ngomehluko phakathi kokukhathazeka nokucindezelwa.

Ukwelashwa

Uhlelo olujwayelekile lokwelashwa kwe-OCD luzovame ukufaka kokubili ukwelashwa kwengqondo nemithi. Ukuhlanganisa zombili izindlela zokwelashwa kuvame ukuphumelela kakhulu.

Imithi

Ama-anti-depressants anqunyelwe ukusiza ukunciphisa izimpawu ze-OCD.

I-serotonin reuptake inhibitor ekhethiwe (i-SSRI) i-antidepressant esetshenziselwa ukunciphisa isimilo sokucindezela nokuphoqelelwa.

Ukwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kokukhuluma nochwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo kungasiza ukukunikeza amathuluzi avumela ushintsho emaphethini wokucabanga nokuziphatha.

Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo (i-CBT) nokwelashwa kokuchayeka nokuphendula yizinhlobo zokwelashwa kokukhuluma ezisebenza kubantu abaningi.

Ukuvimbela ukuvezwa nokuphendula (i-ERP) kuhloswe ngakho ukuvumela umuntu one-OCD ukuthi abhekane nokukhathazeka okuhambisana nemicabango engalawuleki ngezinye izindlela, kunokuzibandakanya ekuziphatheni okuphoqelela.

Yini ebangela i-OCD?

Imbangela ngqo ye-OCD ayaziwa, kepha abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi izindawo ezithile zobuchopho kungenzeka zingaphenduli ngokujwayelekile ku-serotonin, ikhemikhali elisetshenziswa amanye amangqamuzana ezinzwa ukuxhumana.

Izakhi zofuzo kucatshangwa ukuthi zinikela ku-OCD, futhi.

Uma wena, umzali wakho, noma ingane yakini une-OCD, cishe kunamaphesenti angama-25 amathuba okuthi elinye ilungu lomndeni eliseduze libe nayo.

Izinhlobo ze-OCD

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuthatheka neziphoqelelo. Okudume kakhulu kufaka:

• ukuthatheka okubandakanya ukwesaba ukungcoliswa (amagciwane) ngempoqo ehlobene yokuhlanza nokugeza
• izinkanuko ezihlobene nokulinganisa noma ukuphelela ngempoqo ehlobene yoku-oda noma ukwenza kabusha

Ngokusho kukaDkt. Jill Stoddard, umbhali wencwadi ethi "Be Mighty: A Woman's Guide to Liberation from Anxiety, Worry, and Stress Using Mindfulness and Acceptance," okunye ukukhathazeka kubandakanya:

• imicabango yezocansi engathandeki nengafuneki
• ukwesaba ukuzilimaza wena noma omunye umuntu
• ukwesaba ukwenza ngokuxhamazela (njengokukhipha igama lesiqalekiso ngesikhathi sokuthula). Lokhu kufaka ukuphoqelelwa njengokuhlola, ukubala, ukuthandaza, nokuphinda, futhi kungabandakanya ukugwema (okuhlukile kokucindezelwa) njengokugwema izinto ezibukhali.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-OCD.

I-OCD ezinganeni

I-OCD ivame ukukhula ezinganeni ezineminyaka engaphansi kwemibili yobudala: ubuntwana obuphakathi (iminyaka eyi-8-12) naphakathi kokuthomba sekwedlule isikhathi nokukhula okudala (iminyaka eyi-18-25), kusho uDkt Steve Mazza, ongumlingani osemtholampilo osebenza emtholampilo e-Columbia University Clinic for Anxiety and Izinkinga Ezihlobene.

“Amantombazane athanda ukuba ne-OCD esemdala kunabafana,” kusho uMazzza. "Yize kunezinga eliphakeme le-OCD kubafana kunamantombazane ebuntwaneni, kunamazinga alinganayo e-OCD phakathi kwamadoda nabesifazane abadala."

I-OCPD ne-OCD

Ngenkathi amagama efana, i-obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) ne-OCD yizimo ezihluke kakhulu.

I-OCD imvamisa ihilela ukuthatheka okulandelwa isimilo sokucindezela. I-OCPD ichaza iqoqo lezimpawu zobuntu ezingavame ukuphazamisa ubudlelwano bomuntu.

I-OCPD ibonakala ngesidingo esibi kakhulu sokuhleleka, ukupheleliswa, kanye nokulawulwa, kubandakanya nobudlelwano phakathi kwabantu, kusho uMazza. Ngenkathi i-OCD ivame ukuvalelwa kusethi yemicabango engalawuleki kanye nokucindezelwa okuhlobene.

"Abantu [abane-OCD] kungenzeka ukuthi bafune usizo ngoba bakhathazekile noma baphazanyiswa yizimpawu," usho kanje. "Abantu abane-OCPD kungenzeka bangaboni ukuqina kwesimo sabo kanye nesidingo sokuphelela njengenkinga, naphezu kwemiphumela emibi ebudlelwaneni nasenhlalakahleni yabo."

Funda kabanzi mayelana nezimpawu nokwelashwa kwe-OCPD.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-OCD

U-OCD utholwa ngungoti wezempilo yengqondo esebenzisa inqubo yenhlolokhono ehleleke kancane, ngokusho kukaMazza.

Enye yezinsimbi ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yi-Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), ehlola ukuthambekela nokucindezelwa okuvame kakhulu, kanye nokuthi izimpawu ze-OCD zibangela ukucindezeleka komuntu ziphazamise ukusebenza kwabo.

Izici zobungozi ze-OCD

I-Genetics idlala indima ku-OCD, ngakho-ke umuntu kungenzeka ukuthi ayithuthukise uma isihlobo segazi sinokuxilongwa kwe-OCD, kusho uMazza.

Izimpawu zivame ukuqiniswa yingcindezi, noma ngabe zidalwa yizinkinga zesikole, umsebenzi, ubudlelwano, noma imicimbi eguqula impilo.

Uthe futhi i-OCD ivame ukuvela nezinye izimo, kufaka phakathi:

• ukunakekelwa kokulahleka kokugula (ADHD)
• I-Tourette syndrome
• ukucindezeleka okukhulu
• ukuphazamiseka kokukhathazeka komphakathi
• ukuphazamiseka kokudla