I-glucose yegazi: iyini, ungayilinganisa kanjani futhi ubonise amanani

-Delile

• Ungayilinganisa kanjani i-glucose yegazi
• 1. I-capillary glycemia
• 2. Ukuzila ukudla kwe-glucose yegazi
• 3. I-hemoglobin eminyene
• 4. Ijika le-Glycemic
• 5. I-postmeal plasma glucose
• 6. Inzwa yeglucose yegazi engalweni
• Yenzelwe ini
• Athini amanani ayisethenjwa
• 1. Ishukela eliphansi legazi
• 2. Ishukela ephezulu yegazi

IGlycemia yigama elisho inani le-glucose, elaziwa kangcono ngokuthi ushukela, egazini elifika ngokungeniswa kokudla okuqukethe ama-carbohydrate, njengekhekhe, ipasta kanye nesinkwa, isibonelo. Ukuhlungwa kweglucose egazini kulawulwa ngamahomoni amabili, i-insulin ebhekele ukwehla kukashukela egazini naseglucagon enomsebenzi wokwandisa amazinga kashukela.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokukala amazinga kashukela egazini ngokuhlolwa kwegazi, njengokuzila ukudla kweglucose yegazi kanye ne-hemoglobin eglycated, noma ngokusebenzisa amamitha namadivayisi eglucose asebenziseka kalula umuntu angawasebenzisa.

Amanani esithenjwa seglucose yegazi kufanele abe phakathi kuka-70 kuya ku-100 mg / dL lapho uzila futhi uma engaphansi kwaleli nani akhombisa i-hypoglycemia, edala izimpawu ezinjengokozela, isiyezi ngisho nokuquleka. I-Hyperglycemia, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kulapho i-glucose yegazi ingaphezulu kwe-100 mg / dL ngenkathi izila futhi ingakhombisa uhlobo 1 noma uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela esingu-2, okuthi uma singalawulwa, sidale izinkinga, njengezinkinga zombono kanye nonyawo lukashukela. Yazi ezinye izimpawu zesifo sikashukela.

Ungayilinganisa kanjani i-glucose yegazi

I-glucose yegazi ibhekisa ekugxileni kwe-glucose egazini futhi ingalinganiswa ngezindlela eziningana, njenge:

1. I-capillary glycemia

I-capillary blood glucose wukuhlolwa okwenziwa ngomunwe womunwe bese i-drop yegazi ihlaziywa kuthephu exhunywe kudivayisi ebizwa nge-glucometer. Njengamanje, kunamamodeli amaningana wemikhiqizo eyahlukene ye-glucometer, itholakala ngokudayiswa emakhemisi futhi ingenziwa yinoma ngubani, inqobo nje uma ibikade ihlose ngaphambili.

Lolu hlobo lokuhlola luvumela abantu abanesifo sikashukela ukuba bakwazi ukulawula kakhulu amazinga eglucose egazini, ukuvimbela iziqephu ze-hypoglycemia ngenxa yokusebenzisa ama-insulins, okusiza ukuqonda ukuthi ukudla, ingcindezi, imizwa nokuvivinya umzimba kuguqula kanjani amazinga kashukela egazini.iglucose yegazi futhi iyasiza ukusetha isilinganiso esifanele se-insulin okufanele sinikezwe. Bona ukuthi ungalinganisa kanjani i-capillary glucose yegazi.

2. Ukuzila ukudla kwe-glucose yegazi

Ukuzila ukudla kweglucose ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwenziwa ukuhlola amazinga eglucose egazini futhi kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kwesikhathi ngaphandle kokudla noma ukuphuza, ngaphandle kwamanzi, okungenani amahora ayi-8 noma njengokuyalelwa ngudokotela.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza udokotela ojwayelekile noma i-endocrinologist ukuxilonga isifo sikashukela, kepha-ke, kufanele kuqoqwe isampula engaphezu kwesisodwa futhi kuhlolwe okunye, okufana ne-glycated hemoglobin, kunganconywa ukuthi udokotela avale ukutholakala kwesifo sikashukela. Ukuzila i-glucose yegazi kungenziwa futhi kudokotela ukuthi abheke ukuthi ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela kuyasebenza yini noma ukuqapha ezinye izinkinga zempilo eziguqula amazinga eglucose egazini.

3. I-hemoglobin eminyene

I-hemoglobin e-Glycated, noma i-HbA1c, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwenziwa ukuhlola inani le-glucose eliboshwe ku-hemoglobin, ingxenye yamaseli abomvu egazi, futhi kubhekisa emlandweni we-glucose egazini ngaphezu kwezinsuku eziyi-120, njengoba kuyisikhathi sokuphila segazi elibomvu iseli nesikhathi lapho kutholakala khona ushukela, kwakha i-hemoglobin ene-glycated, futhi lolu vivinyo luyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu ukuthola isifo sikashukela.

Amanani ayizethenjwa ajwayelekile we-hemoglobin ene-glycated kufanele abe ngaphansi kuka-5.7%, noma kunjalo, kwezinye izimo, umphumela we-hemoglobin we-glycated ungashintshwa ngenxa yezici ezithile, njenge-anemias, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kanye nezifo zegazi, lokhu. kwenziwa ukuhlolwa, udokotela uzohlaziya umlando wezempilo yomuntu.

4. Ijika le-Glycemic

Ijika le-glycemic, elaziwa nangokuthi ukuhlolwa kokubekezelelana kwe-glucose, liqukethe ukuhlolwa kwegazi lapho kuqiniswa khona i-glycemia kanye namahora amabili ngemuva kokufaka u-75 g we-glucose ngomlomo. Ezinsukwini ezi-3 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, umuntu kudingeka adle ukudla okunothe ngama-carbohydrate, njengesinkwa namakhekhe, ngokwesibonelo, bese kufanele azile ukudla amahora ayi-12.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi ngaphambi kokwenza isivivinyo, lo muntu ubengakaliphuzi ikhofi futhi ubengabhemi isikhathi okungenani samahora angama-24. Ngemuva kokuqoqwa kwesampula yokuqala yegazi, umuntu uzomunca ushukela bese ephumula amahora amabili ukuqoqa igazi futhi. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa, umphumela uthatha phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezingu-3 ukulungela, kuya ngelebhu kanye namanani ajwayelekile kufanele abe ngaphansi kuka-100 mg / dL esiswini esingenalutho kanye no-140 mg / dL ngemuva kokungeniswa kuka-75g we-glucose. Uqonde kangcono umphumela wejika le-glycemic.

5. I-postmeal plasma glucose

I-postprandial blood glucose ukuhlolwa ukuthola amazinga eglucose egazi 1 kuya 2 amahora ngemuva kokuthi umuntu adle ukudla futhi asetshenziselwa ukuhlola iziqongo ze-hyperglycemia, ehambisana nobungozi benhliziyo noma inkinga yokukhishwa kwe-insulin. Lolu hlobo lokuhlola luvame ukunconywa ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma i-endocrinologist ukugcwalisa ukuhlolwa kokudla kweglucose okuzila futhi amanani ajwayelekile kufanele abe ngaphansi kuka-140 mg / dL.

6. Inzwa yeglucose yegazi engalweni

Njengamanje, kunenzwa yokuhlola ushukela wegazi ofakwe engalweni yomuntu futhi uvumele ukuqinisekiswa kwamazinga eglucose egazini ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlaba umunwe. Le nzwa iyidivayisi eyindilinga enenaliti enhle kakhulu efakwe ngemuva kwengalo, ayibangeli ubuhlungu futhi ayibangeli ukungaphatheki kahle, isetshenziswa kakhulu ngisho nasezinganeni ezinesifo sikashukela, njengoba inciphisa ukungakhululeki kokugqojwa komunwe .

Kulokhu, ukukala ushukela wegazi, vele ulethe umakhalekhukhwini, noma idivaysi ethile yomkhiqizo, kwinzwa yengalo bese kwenziwa ukuskena bese umphumela uvela esikrinini somakhalekhukhwini. Inzwa kufanele iguqulwe njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-14, kepha akudingekile ukwenza noma yiluphi uhlobo lokulinganisa, oluhlukile kunedivayisi ejwayelekile yegazi le-capillary glucose.

Yenzelwe ini

IGlycemia ikhonjiswa ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma i-endocrinologist ukuhlola amazinga kashukela egazini futhi ngalokhu kungenzeka ukuthola izifo nemibandela ethile, efana nale:

• Thayipha isifo sikashukela esingu-1;
• Thayipha isifo sikashukela sesi-2;
• Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa;
• Ukumelana ne-insulin;
• Izinguquko ze-thyroid;
• Izifo zepancreatic;
• Izinkinga zehomoni.

Ukulawulwa kwe-glycemia nakho kungagcwalisa ukuxilongwa kwe-Dumping syndrome, isibonelo, okuyisimo lapho ukudla kudlula khona ngokushesha kusuka esiswini kuya emathunjini, okuholela ekubukekeni kwe-hypoglycemia futhi kubangele izimpawu ezifana nesiyezi, isicanucanu nokuthuthumela. Funda kabanzi nge-Dumping syndrome.

Imvamisa, lolu hlobo lokuhlaziywa lwenziwa njengenqubo yasesibhedlela kubantu abasesibhedlela futhi abathola i-serum ene-glucose noma basebenzise imishanguzo emithanjeni yabo engadala ukuthi i-glucose yegazi yehle kakhulu noma ikhuphuke ngokushesha.

Athini amanani ayisethenjwa

Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola i-capillary glucose yegazi kuhlukile futhi kungahluka ngokuya kwelabhorethri nokuhlolwa okusetshenzisiwe, kepha imiphumela kufanele ibe namanani njengoba kukhonjisiwe etafuleni elingezansi:

Ngemuva kokuhlola imiphumela yokuhlolwa, udokotela uzocubungula izimpawu ezethulwe umuntu futhi angancoma ezinye izivivinyo ukuhlola izimbangela ezingaba khona zeshukela eliphansi noma eliphakeme legazi.

1. Ishukela eliphansi legazi

I-glucose ephansi yegazi, ebizwa nangokuthi i-hypoglycemia, ukwehla kwamazinga kashukela egazini, atholakala ngamanani angaphansi kwama-70 mg / dL. Izimpawu zalesi simo kungaba yisiyezi, ukujuluka okubandayo, isicanucanu, okungaholela ekutheni uquleke, ukudideka kwengqondo nokuquleka uma kungaphendulwa ngesikhathi, futhi lokhu kungadalwa ukusetshenziswa kwemithi noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin kakhulu imithamo. Bona okuningi okungadala i-hypoglycemia.

Okufanele ngikwenze: i-hypoglycemia kufanele ilashwe ngokushesha, ngakho-ke uma umuntu enezimpawu ezinesizungu, njengesizungu, kufanele unikele ngebhokisi lejusi noma okuthile okumnandi khona manjalo. Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, lapho kwenzeka ukudideka kwengqondo nokuquleka, kuyadingeka ukuthi ushayele i-ambulensi ye-SAMU noma uyise lowo muntu esimweni esiphuthumayo, bese unikela ngoshukela kuphela uma umuntu ephaphama.

2. Ishukela ephezulu yegazi

I-glucose ephezulu yegazi, eyaziwa kangcono njenge-hyperglycemia, yenzeka lapho amazinga kashukela egazi ephezulu kakhulu ngenxa yokudla ukudla okumnandi kakhulu, okususelwa ku-carbohydrate, okungaholela ekuqaleni kwesifo sikashukela. Lolu shintsho aluzibangeli izimpawu, noma kunjalo, ezimweni lapho ushukela wegazi uphakeme kakhulu futhi isikhathi eside, umlomo owomile, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukozela kanye nokuchama kaningi kungavela. Bheka ukuthi kungani i-hyperglycemia yenzeka.

N Isithangami SokuhambaEzimweni lapho isifo sikashukela sesivele sitholakele, udokotela uvame ukuncoma ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic, njenge-metformin, ne-insulin ejojoweyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo, i-hyperglycemia ingaguqulwa ngoshintsho lokudla, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kokudla okunothi ushukela ne-pasta nangemisebenzi ejwayelekile yomzimba. Bona kuvidiyo engezansi ukuthi iziphi izivivinyo ezinconywa kakhulu kulabo abanesifo sikashukela: