IHemoglobin Electrophoresis

-Delile

• Amazinga ajwayelekile ezinhlobo ze-hemoglobin
• Ezinsaneni
• Kubantu abadala
• Kungani kwenziwa i-hemoglobin electrophoresis
• Kuphathwa kuphi futhi kanjani ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis
• Izingozi ze-hemoglobin electrophoresis
• Yini ongayilindela ngemuva kokuhlolwa

Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis ukuhlolwa kwegazi okusetshenziselwa ukukala nokuhlonza izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-hemoglobin egazini lakho. IHemoglobin yiprotheni ngaphakathi kwamaseli abomvu egazi elibhekele ukuhambisa umoya-mpilo kuzicubu nezitho zakho.

Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kungadala ukuthi umzimba wakho ukhiqize i-hemoglobin eyakhiwe ngokungalungile. Le hemoglobin engajwayelekile ingadala umoya-mpilo omncane kakhulu ukufinyelela izicubu zakho nezitho zakho.

Kunamakhulu ezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-hemoglobin. Kubandakanya:

• IHemoglobin F: Lokhu kwaziwa nangokuthi i-hemoglobin ye-fetus. Luhlobo olutholakala emibungu ekhulayo nezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa. Kufakwa i-hemoglobin A ngemuva nje kokuzalwa.
• IHemoglobin A: Lokhu kwaziwa nangokuthi i-hemoglobin yabantu abadala. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-hemoglobin. Kutholakala ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abanempilo.
• IHemoglobin C, D, E, M, no-S: Lezi yizinhlobo ezingavamile ze-hemoglobin engavamile ebangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo.

Amazinga ajwayelekile ezinhlobo ze-hemoglobin

Ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis akukutsheli ngenani le-hemoglobin egazini lakho - lokho kwenziwa ngokubala okuphelele kwegazi. Amazinga ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis okubhekiswe kuwo angamaphesenti ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-hemoglobin ezingatholakala egazini lakho. Lokhu kwehlukile ezinganeni nakubantu abadala:

Ezinsaneni

I-hemoglobin iningi lakhiwa yi-hemoglobin F emibungu. IHemoglobin F isakha iningi le-hemoglobin ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. Iyancipha ngokushesha ngesikhathi ingane yakho inonyaka ubudala:

Kubantu abadala

Amazinga ajwayelekile ezinhlobo ze-hemoglobin kubantu abadala yilawa:

Kungani kwenziwa i-hemoglobin electrophoresis

Uthola izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezingejwayelekile ze-hemoglobin ngokuzuza izakhi zofuzo kuzakhi zofuzo ezibhekele ukukhiqiza i-hemoglobin. Udokotela wakho angancoma ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis ukuthola ukuthi unenkinga yini edala ukukhiqizwa kwe-hemoglobin engajwayelekile. Izizathu udokotela wakho angafuna ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis zifaka:

1. Njengengxenye yokuhlolwa okujwayelekile: Udokotela wakho angahlolwa i-hemoglobin yakho ukuze kulandelwe ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuphelele ngesikhathi somzimba ojwayelekile.

2. Ukuxilonga ukuphazamiseka kwegazi: Udokotela wakho kungenzeka akwenze ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis uma ukhombisa izimpawu ze-anemia. Ukuhlolwa kuzobasiza bathole noma yiziphi izinhlobo ze-hemoglobin egazini lakho. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuphazamiseka kubandakanya:

• i-sickle cell anemia
• thalassemia
• polycythemia vera

3. Ukuqapha ukwelashwa: Uma welashelwa isimo esidala izinhlobo ezingajwayelekile ze-hemoglobin, udokotela wakho uzoqapha amazinga akho ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-hemoglobin ene-hemoglobin electrophoresis.

4. Ukuhlola izimo zofuzo: Abantu abanomlando womndeni wama-anemias azuze njengefa njenge-thalassemia noma i-sickle cell anemia bangakhetha ukuhlola lezi zifo ngaphambi kokuthola izingane. I-hemoglobin electrophoresis izokhombisa ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini izinhlobo ezingajwayelekile ze-hemoglobin ezibangelwa ukuphazamiseka kofuzo. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa nazo zihlolwa njalo ngalezi zinkinga zofuzo ze-hemoglobin. Udokotela wakho angafuna nokuhlola ingane yakho uma unomlando womndeni we-hemoglobin engavamile noma une-anemia engabangelwa ukuntuleka kwensimbi.

Kuphathwa kuphi futhi kanjani ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis

Awudingi ukwenza noma yini ekhethekile ukulungiselela i-hemoglobin electrophoresis.

Imvamisa udinga ukuya ebhodini ukuze udonse igazi lakho. Elebhu, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uthatha isampula yegazi engalweni noma esandleni sakho: Baqala ngokuhlanza isiza nge-swab yokugcoba utshwala. Bese befaka inaliti encane eneshubhu enamathiselwe ukuqoqa igazi. Lapho sekukhishwe igazi elanele, bayasusa inaliti bese bemboza isiza ngophahla lwe-gauze. Bese bethumela isampula segazi lakho elabhorethri ukuze liyohlaziywa.

Elabhorethri, inqubo ebizwa nge-electrophoresis idlulisa amandla kagesi nge-hemoglobin esampulini sakho segazi. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-hemoglobin zehlukaniswe ngamaqembu ahlukene. Isampula yakho yegazi bese iqhathaniswa nesampula enempilo ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ze-hemoglobin ezikhona.

Izingozi ze-hemoglobin electrophoresis

Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kunezingozi ezincane. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• ukulinyazwa
• ukopha
• ukutheleleka endaweni yokubhoboza

Ezimweni ezingavamile, umthambo ungakhukhumala ngemuva kokudonswa kwegazi. Lesi simo, esaziwa nge-phlebitis, singelashwa nge-compress efudumele izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Ukopha okuqhubekayo kungaba yinkinga uma unenkinga yokopha noma uthatha imishanguzo yokuncipha igazi, njenge-warfarin (Coumadin) noma i-aspirin (iBufferin).

Yini ongayilindela ngemuva kokuhlolwa

Uma imiphumela yakho ibonisa amazinga e-hemoglobin angavamile, angabangelwa:

• isifo se-hemoglobin C, isifo sofuzo esiholela ekushoneni kwegazi okunzima
• hemoglobinopathy engajwayelekile, iqembu lokuphazamiseka kofuzo okubangela ukukhiqizwa okungavamile noma ukwakheka kwamaseli abomvu egazi
• i-sickle cell anemia
• thalassemia

Udokotela wakho uzokwenza izivivinyo zokulandelela uma ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin electrophoresis kukhombisa ukuthi unezinhlobo ezingavamile ze-hemoglobin.