I-CBC: yenzelwe ini nokuthi uwuqonde kanjani umphumela
-Delile
- 1. Amaseli abomvu egazi, ama-erythrocyte noma ama-erythrocyte
- 2. Amaseli amhlophe egazi (ama-leukocyte)
- 3. Amaplatelets
Ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuhlola amangqamuzana akha igazi, njengama-leukocyte, aziwa ngamaseli amhlophe egazi, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, abizwa nangokuthi amangqamuzana abomvu egazi noma ama-erythrocyte, nama-platelets.
Ingxenye yesibalo segazi ehambelana nokuhlaziywa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi ibizwa nge-erythrogram, ngaphezu kokukhombisa ubuningi bamaseli egazi, ekwazisa ngekhwalithi yamaseli abomvu egazi, ekhombisa ukuthi ngabe ngosayizi ofanele noma ngamanani anconyiwe we-hemoglobin kuwo, okusiza ukucacisa izimbangela ze-anemia, isibonelo. Lolu lwazi lunikezwa ngama-indices we-hematimetric, okuyi-HCM, i-VCM, i-CHCM ne-RDW.
Ukuzila ukudla akudingeki ekuqoqeni kwakho, noma kunjalo, kunconywa ukuthi ungenzi umsebenzi womzimba amahora angama-24 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa futhi uhlale amahora angama-48 ngaphandle kokuphuza noma yiluphi uhlobo lweziphuzo ezidakayo, ngoba zingaguqula umphumela.
Ezinye izimo ezingabonakala ekubalweni kwegazi yilezi:
1. Amaseli abomvu egazi, ama-erythrocyte noma ama-erythrocyte
I-erythrogram yingxenye yokubalwa kwegazi lapho kuhlaziywa khona izici zamaseli abomvu egazi, ama-erythrocyte, aziwa nangokuthi ama-erythrocyte.
| I-HT noma i-HCT - Hematocrit | Imelela iphesenti yevolumu ehlala amaseli abomvu egazini eliphelele legazi | Phezulu: Ukwehla kwamanzi emzimbeni, i-polycythemia nokwethuka; Phansi: Ukushoda kwegazi, ukopha ngokweqile, isifo sezinso, insimbi namaprotheni ukushoda kanye ne-sepsis. |
| Hb - IHemoglobin | Ingenye yezingxenye zamaseli abomvu egazi futhi ibhekele ukuthuthwa komoya-mpilo | Phezulu: I-Polycythemia, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, isifo samaphaphu kanye nokuphakama okuphezulu; Phansi: Ukukhulelwa, ukushoda kwe-iron anemia, i-megaloblastic anemia, i-thalassemia, umdlavuza, ukungondleki kahle, isifo sesibindi kanye ne-lupus. |
Ngaphezu kwenani lamaseli abomvu egazi, ukubalwa kwegazi kumele futhi kuhlaziye izici zazo zokuziphatha, njengoba nakho kungakhombisa izifo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa izinkomba ze-hematimetric ezilandelayo:
- I-MCV noma iVolumu ye-Corpuscular Volume:ilinganisa usayizi wamaseli abomvu egazi, angakhuphuka kwezinye izinhlobo ze-anemia, njengevithamini B12 noma ukushoda kwe-folic acid, utshwala noma ushintsho lomnkantsha. Uma incishisiwe, ingakhombisa ukushoda kwegazi ngenxa yokushoda ngensimbi noma imvelaphi yofuzo, njengeThalassemia, ngokwesibonelo. Funda kabanzi nge-VCM;
- I-HCM noma i-Average Corpuscular Hemoglobin:ibonisa ingqikithi ye-hemoglobin ngokuhlaziya ubukhulu nombala wengqamuzana elibomvu legazi. Bona ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuphakama nokuphansi kwe-HCM;
- I-CHCM (isilinganiso semithambo ye-hemoglobin): kukhombisa ukugxila kwe-hemoglobin ngeseli elibomvu legazi, kwehliswe ngokujwayelekile kuma-anemias, futhi lesi simo sibizwa nge-hypochromia;
- I-RDW (Ububanzi bokusatshalaliswa kwamaseli abomvu egazi): kuyinkomba ekhombisa iphesenti lokwehluka ngosayizi phakathi kwamaseli abomvu egazi lesampula legazi, ngakho-ke, uma kunamaseli abomvu egazi osayizi abahlukahlukene kusampula, isivivinyo ingaguqulwa, okungaba umkhondo ekuqaleni kwe-iron noma i-vitamin deficiency anemias, ngokwesibonelo, futhi amanani abo esethenjwa aphakathi kuka-10 kuya ku-15%. Funda kabanzi nge-RDW.
Thola imininingwane eminingi ngamanani esithenjwa sesibalo segazi.
2. Amaseli amhlophe egazi (ama-leukocyte)
I-leukogram isivivinyo esibalulekile ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukungatheleleki komuntu nokuthi umzimba ungasabela kanjani ezimweni ezahlukahlukene, njengokungenwa yizifo nokuvuvukala, isibonelo. Lapho ukuhlushwa kwe-leukocyte kuphakeme, lesi simo sibizwa nge-leukocytosis, kanti i-reverse, i-leukopenia. Bona ukuthi ungayiqonda kanjani imiphumela emhlophe yegazi.
| Ama-neutrophils | Phezulu:Izifo, ukuvuvukala, umdlavuza, ukuhlukumezeka, ukucindezeleka, isifo sikashukela noma i-gout. Phansi: Ukuntuleka kukavithamini B12, i-sickle cell anemia, ukusetshenziswa kwe-steroids, ngemuva kokuhlinzwa noma i-thrombocytopenic purpura. |
| Ama-Eosinophils | Phezulu: Ukungezwani komzimba, izibungu, i-anemia eyingozi, i-ulcerative colitis noma isifo sikaHodgkin. Phansi: Ukusetshenziswa kwama-beta-blocker, ama-corticosteroids, ingcindezi, ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma igciwane. |
| Ama-Basophils | Phezulu: Ngemuva kokususwa kobende, i-myeloid leukemia engapheli, i-polycythemia, i-chicken pox noma i-Hodgkin's disease. Phansi: Hyperthyroidism, ukutheleleka okunamandla, ukukhulelwa noma ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic. |
| Ama-lymphocyte | Phezulu: I-mononucleosis esithathelwanayo, imvukuzane, isimungumungwane nezifo eziyingozi. Phansi: Ukutheleleka noma ukungondleki. |
| Ama-monocyte | Phezulu: I-monocytic leukemia, i-lipid storage disease, i-protozoal infection noma i-ulcerative colitis engapheli. Phansi: I-aplastic anemia. |
3. Amaplatelets
Ama-platelet empeleni ayizingcezu zamaseli ezibaluleke kakhulu ngoba zinesibopho sokuqala inqubo yokujiya. Inani elijwayelekile leplatelet kufanele libe phakathi kuka-150,000 kuya ku-450,000 / mm³ wegazi.
Ama-platelet aphakeme ayakhathazeka ngoba angadala amahlule egazi ne-thrombi, enengozi ye-thrombosis kanye ne-pulmonary embolism, ngokwesibonelo. Lapho zincishisiwe, zingandisa ingozi yokuphuma kwegazi. Thola ukuthi ziyini izimbangela nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma kwenzeka kunama-platelet aphansi.
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