I-hepatitis enamandla: iyini, izimpawu, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Lapho kungaba kubucayi
• Lapho ingagcwaliswa ngokugcwele
• Ziyini izimbangela
• Ungaqinisekisa kanjani

I-hepatitis enamandla ichazwa njengokuvuvukala kwesibindi okuthi ezimweni eziningi kuqala ngokuzumayo, kuthathe amasonto ambalwa kuphela. Kunezimbangela eziningi zesifo sokusha kwesibindi, kufaka phakathi ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi, ukuphuza ngokweqile noma ukuphazamiseka komzimba.

Ngaphandle kwezimbangela ezahlukahlukene, izimpawu ezethulwe ku-hepatitis ebucayi zivame ukufana, kufaka phakathi i-malaise, ikhanda, ukukhathala, ukungathandi ukudla, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isikhumba esiphuzi namehlo. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuvuvukala kuqhubeka ngendlela enobungozi, kuveze ukwelashwa ngemuva kwamasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa, noma kunjalo, amanye amacala angaba nzima, futhi angaqhubekela ekufeni.

Ngakho-ke, kuhlale kudingekile ukuthi, lapho kunezimpawu eziphakamisa ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo lomuntu, umuntu kumele ahlolwe ngokwezempilo, ukuze ahlolwe ngemitholampilo futhi acele ukuhlolwa, njengokulinganisa ama-enzyme esibindi (i-ALT ne-AST) kanye ne-ultrasound yesisu. Ukwelashwa kufaka ukuphumula, ukufuthwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithi ezimweni ezithile, ngokusho kwembangela.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Yize zingahluka ngokuya ngesizathu, izimpawu eziyinhloko zesifo sokusha kwesibindi yilezi:

• Ukukhathala noma ukukhathala;
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla;
• Imfiva;
• Ubuhlungu emajoyini nasemisipheni;
• Malaise;
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda;
• Isicanucanu;
• Ukuhlanza.

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kusukela kuqale izikhalazo, kokunye ukuqhamuka kombala ophuzi kwesikhumba namehlo abizwa nge-jaundice angavela, ephelezelwa noma cha isikhumba esilumayo, umchamo omnyama nezihlalo ezimhlophe. Ngemuva kwalokho, kujwayelekile ukulandela isikhathi sokululama, ngokuncipha kwezimpawu nezimpawu, okuvela njalo ukwelapha lesi sifo.

Kwezinye izimo, inqubo yokuvuvukala ye-hepatitis ingahlala izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-6, iphenduke i-hepatitis engapheli. Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-hepatitis engapheli.

Lapho kungaba kubucayi

Noma kungavamile, noma yisiphi isifo sokusha kwesibindi esibucayi singaba nzima, ikakhulukazi uma singatholakali kusenesikhathi nalapho ukwelashwa kungaqaliwe kahle. Uma i-hepatitis iba namandla, ingabeka engozini ukusebenza kwesibindi kanye nemibhobho yenyongo, okwandisa ingozi yokopha, kuphazamise ukukhiqizwa kwamaprotheni noma ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba futhi kungathinta ukusebenza kwezinye izitho emzimbeni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sesifo esibucayi se-hepatitis, kungahle kube nokuhluleka kwesibindi okunamandla, okumele kutholakale kusenesikhathi ukungenelela okusheshayo kokwelashwa, njengokufakelwa kwesibindi, kungadingeka.

Lapho ingagcwaliswa ngokugcwele

I-hepatitis egcwele ngokugcwele yaziwa nangokuthi ukwehluleka kwesibindi okunamandla, futhi kubonakala kuphela ezimweni ezingavamile zesifo sokusha kwesibindi eziguqukela phambili kakhulu futhi ziphazamise yonke imetabolism yomzimba. Ingesinye sezifo ezibucayi kakhulu esibindini, futhi singase sife ezigulini ezingama-70 kuya kwezingama-90%, ngengozi inyuke ngokweminyaka.

Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sokusha kwesibindi esiphelele ziyafana nezesifo sokusha kwesibindi esivamile, okunezela ukuba khona komchamo omnyama, amehlo aphuzi, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, izwi elingaqondile, ukudideka kwengqondo nokucabanga okuhamba kancane, ngengozi yezinkinga ezinjengokuhluleka komzimba okuningi. Lezi zinkinga zingaholela ekufeni, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha noma nini lapho kuvela izimpawu ezikhombisa lesi sifo. Funda kabanzi ngezimbangela nokwelashwa kwe-hepatitis egcwele.

Ziyini izimbangela

Phakathi kwezimbangela eziyinhloko zesifo sokusha kwesibindi esibucayi kufakiwe

• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-hepatitis A, B, C, D noma le-E. Yazi izindlela zokudlulisela nokuthi ungazivimbela kanjani i-hepatitis yegciwane;
• Ezinye izifo, njenge-cytomegalovirus, i-parvovirus, i-herpes, i-yellow fever;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi, njengama-antibiotic athile, ama-anti-depressants, ama-statins noma ama-anticonvulsants. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi yini engadala i-hepatitis yezidakamizwa;
• Ukusetshenziswa kweParacetamol;
• Izifo ezizimele, lapho umzimba ukhiqiza ama-antibody ngokungafanelekile ngokumelene nawo;
• Izinguquko ku-metabolism yethusi nensimbi;
• Izinguquko zokujikeleza kwegazi;
• Ukuvimbela okukhulu kwe-biliary;
• Ukuqina kwesifo esingapheli se-hepatitis;
• Ukuphazamiseka emzimbeni we-metabolism;
• Umdlavuza;
• Izinto ezinobuthi, njengezidakamizwa, ukuxhumana namakhemikhali noma ukusetshenziswa kwetiye ezithile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunesifo esibizwa ngokuthi yi-transinfectious hepatitis, esibangelwa izifo ezingenzeki ngqo esibindini, kodwa ezihambisana nezifo ezibucayi, njenge-septicemia.

Buka le vidiyo elandelayo, ingxoxo phakathi kwesazi sokudla uTatiana Zanin noDkt. Drauzio Varella mayelana nokuthi ungazivikela kanjani futhi uzelaphe izinhlobo ezithile zesifo sokusha kwesibindi:

Ungaqinisekisa kanjani

Ukuqinisekisa i-hepatitis ebukhali, ngaphezu kokuhlaziya isithombe somtholampilo nezimpawu ezethulwe ngumuntu, udokotela anga-oda izivivinyo ezikwazi ukuthola izilonda ezicutshini zesibindi noma ushintsho ekusebenzeni kwesibindi kanye nemifudlana ye-bile, njenge-alanine aminotransferase (ALT , eyayaziwa nge-TGP), i-aspartate aminotransferase (i-AST, eyayaziwa nge-TGO), i-gamma GT, i-alkaline phosphatase, i-bilirubins, i-albumin ne-coagulogram.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging kungacelwa ukuthi kubuke ukubonakala kwesibindi, njenge-ultrasound noma i-tomography futhi, uma ukuxilongwa kungacacisiwe, kungenzeka futhi ukwenza i-biopsy yesibindi. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlolwa okuhlola isibindi.