Yini ebangela nokuthi ungayiphatha kanjani i-neonatal hyperbilirubinemia

-Delile

• Izimbangela eziyinhloko
• 1. I-jaundice yomzimba
• 2. I-jaundice ebisini lwebele
• 3. Izifo zegazi
• 4. Izifo zesibindi
• I-Phototherapy yenziwa kanjani

I-Hyperbilirubinemia yengane esanda kuzalwa noma esisanda kuzalwa yisifo esivela ezinsukwini zokuqala zempilo yengane, esidalwa ukuqoqwa kwe-bilirubin egazini, nokwenza isikhumba siphuzi.

Noma iyiphi ingane ingahlakulela i-hyperbilirubinemia, izimbangela ezinkulu kube yizinguquko zomzimba ekusebenzeni kwesibindi, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, njenge-hemolytic anemia, izifo zesibindi, ezibangelwa izifo noma izifo zofuzo, noma ngisho nokusabela ekunceliseni ibele. Futhi hlola izimbangela ze-bilirubin ephezulu ne-jaundice kubantu abadala.

Ukunakekelwa ukunciphisa inani le-bilirubin egazini kufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha, futhi ukwelashwa nge-phototherapy kusetshenziswa kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa noma ukumpontshelwa igazi kungadingeka, futhi kwelulekwa ngudokotela wezingane.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko

I-jaundice yenzeka lapho ingane ingakwazi ukuqeda kahle i-bilirubin, ekhiqizwa yi-metabolism yegazi, ngoba, ngaphambi kokuzalwa, i-placenta yenze lo msebenzi. Izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-hyperbilirubinemia esanda kuzalwa yilezi:

1. I-jaundice yomzimba

Imvamisa kwenzeka ngemuva kwamahora angama-24 kuye kwangama-36 ezelwe, okuluhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-jaundice, njengoba isibindi sengane sikhula kahle futhi singaba nobunzima ekuguquleni nasekuqedeni i-bilirubin egazini nge-bile. Lolu shintsho luvame ukuxazululwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ngokwelashwa nge-phototherapy nokuchayeka elangeni.

• Indlela yokwelapha: i-phototherapy ngokukhanya kwe-fluorescent iyasiza ukunciphisa inani le-bilirubin egazini. Ezimweni ezimnene, ukuvezwa yilanga kunganele, kepha ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ukumpontshelwa igazi noma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi, njenge phenobarbital, kungadingeka ukuthola imiphumela engcono. Qonda kangcono ukuthi i-jaundice yomzimba wosana olusanda kuzalwa iphathwa kanjani.

2. I-jaundice ebisini lwebele

Lolu hlobo lokwanda kwe-bilirubin lungenzeka cishe ezinsukwini eziyishumi ngemuva kokuzalwa, kwezinye izingane ezincelisa ibele kuphela, ngenxa yokwanda kwamahomoni noma izinto ezisegazini ezandisa ukubuyiswa kabusha kwe-bilirubin emathunjini futhi kuvimbele ukuqedwa kwayo, yize kungenjalo nokho ukwazi ifomu eliqondile.

• Indlela yokwelapha: ezimweni ze-jaundice ebaluleke kakhulu, i-phototherapy ingenziwa ukulawula amazinga egazi, kepha ukuncelisa ibele akumele kuphazanyiswe ngaphandle kokuthi kuqondiswe udokotela wezingane. Le jaundice inyamalala ngokwemvelo ezungeze inyanga yesibili noma yesithathu yengane.

3. Izifo zegazi

Ezinye izifo zingadala ukuthi ingane iqongelele i-bilirubin, njengokushintshwa komzimba noma izinguquko zofuzo, futhi zingaba nzima futhi zivele emahoreni okuqala ngemuva kokuzalwa. Ezinye izifo i-spherocytosis, i-thalassemia noma ukungahambisani negazi likamama, ngokwesibonelo, kepha okuyinhloko yisifo se-hemolytic sosana olusanda kuzalwa, olwaziwa nangokuthi i-fetal erythroblastosis.

• Indlela yokwelapha: ngaphezu kwe-phototherapy yokulawula inani le-bilirubin egazini, ukwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngokumpontshelwa igazi futhi, kwezinye izimo, kungenziwa imithi yokuvikela amasosha omzimba.

4. Izifo zesibindi

Ingane ingazalwa inezinguquko ekusebenzeni kwesibindi, ngenxa yezimbangela eziningana, njengokukhubazeka kwe-bile, i-cystic fibrosis, i-rubella yokuzalwa, i-congenital hypothyroidism, ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma amabhaktheriya, noma ngama-syndromes ezofuzo, njenge-Crigler-Najjar syndrome, Gilber nesifo seGaucher, isibonelo.

• Indlela yokwelapha: ukulawula i-hyperbilirubinemia yegazi, kanye ne-phototherapy, kuyathathwa ukwelashwa ukuthuthukisa isifo esidale ukwanda kwe-bilirubin, njengokulashwa kokutheleleka ngama-antibiotic, ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi noma ukushintshwa kwe-hormone ku-hypothyroidism, ngokwesibonelo.

Ukwelashwa kokunciphisa i-bilirubin ekhuphuke kakhulu yomzimba, ikakhulukazi i-phototherapy, kufanele yenziwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthola ushintsho, njengoba i-bilirubin eyeqile emzimbeni wengane ingadala izinkinga ezinkulu, njengokufaka ubuthi ebuchosheni obaziwa ngokuthi i-kernicterus, obangela ukungezwa, ukuqubuka, ikhoma kanye ukufa.

I-Phototherapy yenziwa kanjani

I-Phototherapy iqukethe ukushiya ingane ivezwe ekukhanyeni kwe-fluorescent, imvamisa iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amahora ambalwa, nsuku zonke, kuze kube ngcono. Ukuze ukwelashwa kusebenze, isikhumba sengane kufanele sivezwe ngokuphelele ekukhanyeni, kepha amehlo akumele avezwe, ngakho-ke kuyambozwa indwangu noma izibuko ezikhethekile.

Ukukhanya kungena esikhunjeni kushukumisa ukubhujiswa nokuqedwa kwe-bilirubin nge-bile, okwenza umbala we-jaundice nombala ophuzi unyamalale kancane kancane.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani nezinye izinkomba zokusetshenziswa kwe-phototherapy.