Izimpawu eziyinhloko zomfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu, izimbangela nendlela yokwelapha

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ukuxilongwa kwe-hypertension yamaphaphu
• Yini ebangela umfutho wegazi ophakeme wamaphaphu
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu wosana olusanda kuzalwa

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme wamaphaphu yisimo esibonakala ngokucindezela okwandayo emithanjeni yamaphaphu, okuholela ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu zokuphefumula njengokuphefumula okuncane ngesikhathi sokuzikhandla, ikakhulukazi, ngaphezu kobunzima bokuphefumula, ubuthakathaka nesiyezi, isibonelo.

Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela yomfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu ayaziwa, noma kunjalo ingahle ihlobene nemiphunga, inhliziyo, izifo ezivuthayo noma kungenxa yokwanda kokuphikiswa kwemikhumbi emaphashini. Kuzo zonke izimo, kubalulekile ukuthi umfutho wegazi ophezulu we-pulmonary ubonwe futhi welashwe yi-pulmonologist noma udokotela ojwayelekile ngokusebenzisa imishanguzo esebenza ngokuphumuza imithambo yegazi.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu nezimpawu zomfutho wegazi ophezulu we-pulmonary zivame ukuvela kuphela ezigabeni ezithuthuke kakhulu zesifo, uphawu oluyinhloko ukuphelelwa umoya ngesikhathi sokuzikhandla. Ezinye izimpawu ezingakhombisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme wamaphaphu yilezi:

• Ukuquleka phakathi nemizamo;
• Ukukhathala;
• Isiyezi;
• Ubuhlungu besifuba;
• Kunzima ukuphefumula;
• Ubuthakathaka, ngoba kuncane kakhulu komoya-mpilo ofinyelela izicubu.

Ukuphefumula kancane kwenzeka, ekuqaleni, ngesikhathi semizamo, kepha njengoba lesi sifo siba sibi kakhulu futhi siba sibi ngokwengeziwe, singenzeka ngisho nalapho siphumule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba umfutho wegazi ophezulu we-pulmonary uhlobene kakhulu nezinguquko zenhliziyo, izimpawu ezihlobene nenhliziyo nazo zingavela, njengokuvuvukala emilenzeni nasekushayeni.

Ngokuya ngezimpawu ezethulwe ngumuntu, umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu ungahlukaniswa ngezigaba:

• Isigaba I: Ukuba khona komfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu ezivivinyweni, kepha akubangeli zimpawu;
• Isigaba II: Ukuphefumula okuncane ngesikhathi somsebenzi, kunciphisa imizamo yomzimba;
• Isigaba III: Umkhawulo obalulekile wokuzivocavoca umzimba, ukuphefumula okuncane okuphulukayo ngokuphumula;
• Isigaba IV: Ukuphefumula nokukhathala ngisho nokuphumula, ngobunzima kunoma yimuphi umzamo womzimba.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hypertension yamaphaphu

Ukuxilongwa komfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu ezigabeni zokuqala zalesi sifo kunzima, ngoba ushintsho olubonwayo lungaphakamisa nezinye izifo. Ngakho-ke, ukuxilongwa komfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhlola umlando womtholampilo, ukuhlolwa komzimba nokwenza izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene, njenge-X-ray yesifuba, i-electrocardiogram, ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wamaphaphu kanye ne-tomography.

Ukuqinisekisa imiphumela, udokotela angahle futhi acele ukufakwa kwe-catheterization, okuzolinganisa ngokunembile ingcindezi ngaphakathi komthambo wamaphaphu.

Yini ebangela umfutho wegazi ophakeme wamaphaphu

Noma ngubani angaba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme wamaphaphu, kepha kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-30. Noma kungaqondakali ngokuphelele, ushintsho ekusakazeni kwamaphaphu luhlobene nokwanda kokuvuvukala, i-fibrosis nokuncipha kwemithambo yegazi. Ngakho-ke, izimbangela eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Okuyinhloko: zenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko ekwakhekeni kwemikhumbi yamaphaphu, ngenxa yezimbangela ezingaziwa, kulokhu, okuthiwa i-idiopathic, futhi, futhi, ngezimbangela zofuzo, nezifo, njengezifo ze-thyroid, i-scleroderma, i-lupus, i-HIV ukutheleleka nezifo egazini, isibonelo.
• Okwesibili: kubangelwa izinguquko enhliziyweni, njengokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, nezifo zamaphaphu, njenge-emphysema, i-apnea yokulala, i-pulmonary thrombosis noma i-sarcoidosis, isibonelo.

Zonke lezi zimbangela zidala ubunzima ekusakazeni kwegazi ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu, okungaqhubeka nokucindezela inhliziyo futhi kubhebhethekise lesi sifo, kwandise ubungozi bezinkinga.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa komfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu kuhlose ukuphatha imbangela nokunciphisa izimpawu, ngakho-ke kunconywa udokotela ukuthi asebenzise imishanguzo yokwenza ngcono ukujikeleza kwegazi nokunciphisa ingcindezi yamaphaphu, njenge-anticoagulants, vasodilators, antihypertensives, diuretics kanye ne-oxygen mask therapy. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ukufakelwa inhliziyo noma amaphaphu kungaba ukuphela kwekhambi.

Ukuzivocavoca okuphefumulayo, okuholwa yi-physiotherapist, nakho kungasiza ekutholeni nasekuthuthukiseni izimpawu.

Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu wosana olusanda kuzalwa

Lesi simo siba khona lapho kuba noshintsho ekujikelezeni kwegazi emaphashini nasenhliziyweni yengane, okudala ubunzima bokufaka umoya-mpilo emzimbeni, nezimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula, izindebe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka neminwe nokuvuvukala enkomishini. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu wengane uvame ukwenzeka ngenxa ye-asphyxia engaphakathi kwesibeletho noma ngesikhathi sokubeletha, inyumoniya, i-hypothermia, i-hypoglycemia, noma ngenxa yokusebenzisa kakhulu imishanguzo ngumama, njenge-indomethacin noma i-aspirin, ngokwesibonelo.

Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kokwelapha i-oxygen, ngesifihla-buso noma nge-incubator, ukugcina ingane ifudumele futhi ingenazinhlungu, ngaphezu kwemithi noma izinqubo zokulungisa ukukhubazeka enhliziyweni. Esigabeni sokuqala futhi esinzima ngokwengeziwe, kungadingeka nokuthi ukuphefumula kwenziwe ngosizo lwamadivayisi, angasuswa ngemuva kokuthi izimpawu nezimpawu sezithuthukile.