Yini i-hypochromia nezimbangela eziyinhloko

-Delile

• Ungayiqonda kanjani i-hypochromia ekubaleni kwegazi
• Izimbangela ze-hypochromia
• 1. Ukushoda kwe-iron anemia
• 2. Thalassemia
• 3. I-anemia ye-Sideroblastic

I-Hypochromia yigama elisho ukuthi amangqamuzana abomvu egazi ane-hemoglobin encane kunokujwayelekile, abukwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu esinombala okhanyayo. Esithombeni segazi, i-hypochromia ihlolwa yinkomba ye-HCM, ebizwa nangokuthi i-Average Corpuscular Hemoglobin, ekhombisa inani elijwayelekile le-hemoglobin kumaseli abomvu egazi, ithathwa njengejwayelekile inani lama-26 kuya kuma-34 pg noma ngokusho kwelabhorethri lapho kwenziwa ukuhlolwa.

Yize i-HCM ikhombisa i-hypochromia, kubalulekile ukuthi ama-erythrocyte ahlolwe ngemicroscopic njengoba kungenzeka ukubheka ezinye izinguquko futhi akhombise ukuthi ngabe i-hypochromia ijwayelekile, inobuhlakani, ilingene noma inamandla. Kujwayelekile ukuthi i-hypochromia ihambisane ne-microcytosis, okuyilapho amaseli abomvu egazi mancane kunokujwayelekile. Bona okuningi nge-microcytosis.

Ungayiqonda kanjani i-hypochromia ekubaleni kwegazi

Umphumela wesibalo segazi kungenzeka ukuthi kwabhalwa ukuthi kwaqashelwa i-hypochromia emnene, elinganiselayo noma enamandla, futhi lokho kusho ukuthi ngemuva kokufunda imikhakha emi-5 kuye kwayi-10 ye-smear yegazi, okungukuthi, ngemuva kokubuka ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu kusuka ku-5 kuye Kwatholakala izifunda ezi-10 ezahlukahlukene zesampula, kwahlungwa amaseli abomvu egazi abomvu we-hypochromic maqondana namaseli egazi abomvu ajwayelekile. Ngokuvamile, lezi zinkomba zingamela:

• I-hypochromia ejwayelekile, lapho kubhekwa amaseli abomvu we-0 kuya ku-5 ekubukeni kwe-microscope;
• I-hypochromia ehlukile, lapho kubhekwa amaseli egazi abomvu ayisithupha kuya kwayi-15;
• I-hypochromia emaphakathi, lapho kubonakala i-hypochromic engu-16 kuya kwengu-30;
• I-hypochromia enamandla, lapho kubonakala amangqamuzana egazi abomvu angaphezu kuka-30.

Ngokwenani lamangqamuzana abomvu we-hypochromic, udokotela angabheka ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi lesi sifo sinamandla futhi sibe namandla, futhi kubalulekile ukuhlola neminye imingcele yokubalwa kwegazi. Funda ukuthi ungasihumusha kanjani isibalo segazi.

Izimbangela ze-hypochromia

I-Hypochromia ivame ukukhombisa ukungabi khona kwegazi, noma kunjalo ukuxilongwa kungaphethwa kuphela ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwezinye izinkomba zokubalwa kwegazi okuphelele kanye nemiphumela yokunye ukuhlolwa okungenzeka ukuthi kucelwe ngudokotela. Izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-hypochromia yilezi:

1. Ukushoda kwe-iron anemia

Ukushoda kwe-iron anemia, okubizwa nangokuthi i-iron defence anemia, kungenye yezimbangela eziyinhloko ze-hypochromia, ngoba i-iron ibalulekile ekwakheni i-hemoglobin. Ngakho-ke, lapho kukhona insimbi encane, kuncane ukwakheka kwe-hemoglobin nokuhlushwa okuncane kwalesi sakhi kumaseli abomvu egazi, okwenza kucace.

Esithombeni segazi, ngaphezu kwe-hypochromia, i-microcytosis ingabonakala, ngoba ngenxa yokwehla kwenani lomoya-mpilo othuthwa yi-hemoglobin kwezinye izicubu nezitho, kukhona ukukhiqizwa kwenani elikhulu lamaseli abomvu egazini ukuzama ukuhlinzeka ngokushoda komoya-mpilo, ezikhathini eziningi lawa kungama-erythrocyte amancane kunokujwayelekile. Ukuqinisekisa lolu hlobo lwe-anemia, ezinye izivivinyo ziyacelwa, njengokulinganisa i-serum iron, i-transferrin ferritin ne-transferrin saturation.

Ukushoda kwe-Iron kungenzeka ngenxa yezinkinga zokudla okunempilo, lapho umuntu enokudla okuncane kunensimbi, ngenxa yokugeleza okukhulu kokuya esikhathini, izifo zamathumbu ezivuthayo noma ngenxa yezimo eziphazamisa ukumuncwa kwensimbi, njengesifo se-celiac kanye nokutheleleka I-Helicobacter pylori.

Ngenxa yokwehla kwenani leoksijini elijikeleza emzimbeni, kujwayelekile ukuthi umuntu azizwe ekhathele ngokwengeziwe, ebuthakathaka futhi elele ngokweqile, ngokwesibonelo. Funda ukubona izimpawu zokushoda kwe-iron anemia.

Okufanele ngikwenze: Lapho nje udokotela eqinisekisa ukuthi yi-anemia yokushoda kwe-iron, kuzophakanyiswa ezinye izivivinyo ukuthola imbangela. Ngokuya ngesizathu, kungakhonjiswa ushintsho emikhubeni yokudla, kunikezwa ukukhetha ukudla okuqukethe insimbi enkulu, njengenyama ebomvu nobhontshisi, isibonelo, noma ukusetshenziswa kwezithako zensimbi, okufanele zisetshenziswe ngokuya ngesincomo. kusuka kudokotela.

2. Thalassemia

I-Thalassemia isifo sofuzo se-hematological esibonakala ngokuguqulwa okuholela ekuguqulweni kwenqubo yokuhlanganiswa kwe-hemoglobin, okuholela ekubukeni kwamaseli abomvu we-hypochromic, ngoba kune-hemoglobin encane ejikelezayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengomphumela wenani eliphansi le-oksijini ejikelezayo, umnkantsha uqala ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi abomvu amaningi ngenhloso yokwandisa ukuthathwa komoya-mpilo, nakho okuholele ekutheni kube ne-microcytosis.

Ngokusho kochungechunge lwe-hemoglobin olwalunokuguqulwa kokuqala, izimpawu ze-thalassemia zingaba nzima kakhulu, noma kunjalo, ngokujwayelekile, abantu abane-thalassemia banokukhathala ngokweqile, ubuthakathaka, i-pallor nokuphefumula okufushane, ngokwesibonelo.

Okufanele ngikwenze: I-Thalassemia yisifo esizalwa naso esingenalo ikhambi, kepha kunalokho siyasilawula, ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kuhlose ukudambisa izimpawu nokuvikela ukuqhubeka kwezifo, ngaphezu kokukhuthaza ikhwalithi yempilo nokuzizwa kwenhlalakahle. Imvamisa, kunconywa ushintsho emikhubeni yokudla, futhi kubalulekile ukuthi lowo muntu ahambisane nesazi sokudla, ngaphezu kokumpontshelwa igazi. Qonda ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-thalassemia kufanele kube yini.

3. I-anemia ye-Sideroblastic

I-Sideroblastic anemia ibonakala ngokusetshenziswa okungafanele kwe-iron ukukhiqiza i-hemoglobin, noma ngabe inani lensimbi emzimbeni livamile, okuholela ku-hypochromia. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okungafanele kwe-ayoni, kune-hemoglobin encane futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ijikeleza umoya-mpilo, okuholela ekuveleni kwezimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-anemia, njengokukhathala, ubuthakathaka, isiyezi kanye ne-pallor.

Ngaphezu kokuhlaziywa kwe-hemogram, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxilongwa kwe-sideroblastic anemia, kubalulekile ukugcina igazi ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuze kutholakale ubukhona be-sideroblasts, okuyizinto ezifana nezindandatho ezingabonakala ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu ngenxa ekuqongeleleni i-ayoni egazini ama-erythroblast, angamaseli abomvu egazi amancane. Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-sideroblastic anemia.

Okufanele ngikwenze: Ukwelashwa kwe-sideroblastic anemia kwenziwa ngokobukhulu besifo, futhi ukwesekwa kwe-vitamin B6 ne-folic acid kunganconywa udokotela futhi, ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, kunganconywa ukufakelwa umnkantsha.