Hypogonadism: kuyini, izimpawu eziyinhloko kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• 1. I-hypogonadism yesilisa
• 2. I-hypogonadism yabesifazane
• 3. Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• 1. Hypogonadism eyinhloko
• 2. I-hypogonadism yesibili
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Izinkinga ezingenzeka

I-Hypogonadism yisimo lapho amaqanda noma amasende engakhiqizi khona ama-hormone anele, njenge-estrogen kwabesifazane ne-testosterone emadodeni, adlala indima enkulu ekukhuleni nasekukhuleni ngesikhathi sokuthomba.

Lesi simo singakhula ngesikhathi sokukhula kombungu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, sivela lapho kuzalwa, kepha futhi singavela kunoma yimuphi unyaka, imvamisa ngenxa yezilonda noma ukutheleleka kumaqanda noma kumasende.

I-Hypogonadism ingadala ukungabi nenzalo, ukungabi bikho kokuthomba, ukuya esikhathini noma ukukhula okungafanele kwesitho sobulili sowesilisa. Ukwelashwa kwe-hypogonadism kufanele kuboniswe ngudokotela futhi kuhlose ukulawula amazinga we-hormone futhi kugweme izinkinga, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ye-hormonal noma ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

I-Hypogonadism ingaqala ngesikhathi sokukhula komntwana, ngaphambi kokuthomba noma ngesikhathi sokukhula futhi ngokujwayelekile, izimpawu nezimpawu zincike ekutheni isimo sikhula nini nobulili bomuntu:

1. I-hypogonadism yesilisa

I-hypogonadism yesilisa ibangelwa ukwehla noma ukungabikho kokukhiqizwa kwe-testosterone ngamasende, kuveza izimpawu ezahlukahlukene ngokwesigaba sempilo:

• Izingane: ukukhula okungakhubazekile kwezitho zobulili zangaphandle kungenzeka ngenxa yokukhiqizwa okuphansi kwe-testosterone ngesikhathi sokukhula kombungu. Ngokuya ngokuthi i-hypogonadism ikhula nini futhi nenani le-testosterone likhona, ingane, engofuzo, ingazalwa izitho zangasese zabesifazane, izitho zangasese okusobala ukuthi akusizo ezesilisa noma ezesifazane noma izitho zabesilisa ezingakhuli kahle;
• Abafana ngaphambi kokuthomba: izimpawu ze-hypogonadism ukukhubazeka kokukhula kwepipi, imisipha nezinwele zomzimba, ukubukeka kwamabele, ukungabikho kwezinguquko ezwini, okuvame ukuthomba, nokukhula ngokweqile kwezingalo nemilenze maqondana nesiqu;
• Amadoda ngemuva kokuthomba: ukwehla kwenani lomzimba, ukwehla kwemisipha nokwanda kwamafutha omzimba, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile nesifiso sobulili esiphansi. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi kunciphe ukukhiqizwa kwesidoda, okungadala ukungabi nenzalo noma ubunzima bokukhulelisa umlingani.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hypogonadism kwenziwa udokotela wezingane noma i-urologist, ngokuya ngezimpawu, umlando wezempilo nangokuhlolwa komzimba lapho udokotela ahlola khona ukukhula kwamasende, ipipi kanye nezinwele emzimbeni, kanye nokwenzeka ukuthuthukiswa kwamabele. Uma usola i-hypogonadism yesilisa, udokotela kufanele a-oda izivivinyo ukukala amazinga ama-hormone afana ne-testosterone, FSH ne-LH, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwesidoda, ngokuhlolwa kwesidoda. Thola ukuthi i-spermogram yenziwa kanjani.

2. I-hypogonadism yabesifazane

I-hypogonadism yabesifazane eyenzeka ngenxa yokwehla noma ukungabikho kokukhiqizwa kwe-estrogen ngama-ovari futhi inezimpawu ezahlukile ngokuya ngesigaba sempilo sowesifazane, okubandakanya:

• Amantombazane ngaphambi kokuthomba: imvamisa ukuqala ukuya esikhathini kuqala ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala eyi-14 noma kukhona ukungabikho ngokuphelele kokuya esikhathini, okuthinta ukukhula kwamabele nezinwele zangasese;
• Abesifazane ngemuva kokuthomba: ukuya esikhathini ngokungajwayelekile noma ukuphazamiseka kwezikhathi kungenzeka, ukungabi namandla, ukushintsha kwemizwelo, ukwehla kwesifiso sobulili, ukulahleka kwezinwele zomzimba, ukushisa okushisayo nobunzima bokukhulelwa.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hypogonadism yabesifazane kwenziwa udokotela wezingane noma owesilisa wezifo zabesifazane, ngokusho kweminyaka, kususelwa emlandweni womtholampilo, ubudala ekuqaleni kokuya esikhathini, ukuya esikhathini kanye nokuhlolwa komzimba ukuhlola ukukhula kwezinwele zamabele nezasenkingeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela kufanele a-oda izivivinyo zaselebhu ukukala amazinga ama-hormone i-FSH, i-LH, i-estrogen, i-progesterone ne-prolactin, kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-imaging njenge-ultrasound ye-pelvis.

3. Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism

I-hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, ebizwa nangokuthi i-hypogonadism emaphakathi, ingenzeka lapho kuzalwa abesilisa nabesifazane, kepha futhi ingakhula nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Lolu hlobo lwe-hypogonadism lwenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko kwi-hypothalamus noma i-pituitary gland, etholakala ebuchosheni, ebhekele ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni ashukumisa ama-ovari noma amasende ukuthi akhiqize ama-hormone awo. Kulokhu, izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ukuphathwa yikhanda, ubunzima obubonakalayo njengokubona kabili noma ukulahleka kombono, nokukhiqizwa kobisi ngamabele.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism kwenziwa ngudokotela ngokuya ngezimpawu nangokuhlolwa kwesithombe njengokucabanga kwamagnetic resonance kobuchopho.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Izimbangela ze-hypogonadism zingahlukaniswa ngokohlobo lwendlala ethintekile futhi zibandakanya:

1. Hypogonadism eyinhloko

I-hypogonadism eyinhloko ivame ukubangelwa:

• Izifo ezizimele, ezinso noma zesibindi;
• Izinkinga zofuzo, ezifana ne-Turner Syndrome, kwabesifazane, ne-Klinefelter Syndrome, emadodeni;
• I-Cryptorchidism lapho amasende angehli esikoteleni kubafana lapho bezalwa;
• Ukuqunjelwa kwabafana;
• Ukunqamuka kokuqala kwabesifazane;
• I-Polycystic ovary syndrome kwabesifazane;
• Ukutheleleka njenge-gonorrhea kwabesifazane;
• I-Radiotherapy noma i-chemotherapy yokwelashwa komdlavuza njengoba ingathinta ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni ocansi.

Kulolu hlobo lwe-hypogonadism, amaqanda noma amasende awasebenzi kahle, akhiqiza i-hormone yocansi encane noma ayisebenzi nhlobo, ngoba ayiphenduli ekuvuseleleni ubuchopho.

2. I-hypogonadism yesibili

I-hypogonadism yesibili ivame ukubangelwa:

• Ukopha okungavamile;
• Izinkinga zofuzo ezifana ne-Kallmann's syndrome;
• Ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo
• Ukukhuluphala;
• Insimbi eyeqile egazini;
• Imisebe;
• Ukutheleleka nge-HIV;
• Isimila sesibeletho.

Ku-hypogonadism yesibili, kukhona ukuncipha noma ukungabikho kokukhiqizwa kwamahomoni ebuchosheni, njenge-FSH ne-LH, okunomthwalo wokuvuselela amasende noma ama-ovari ukuthi akhiqize ama-hormone abo ocansi.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-hypogonadism kufanele kuhlale kwenziwa ngaphansi kweseluleko sezokwelapha futhi kungafaka nemithi ye-hormonal ezothatha indawo yama-hormone progesterone ne-estrogen kwabesifazane, ne-testosterone emadodeni.

Uma imbangela iyinkinga ye-pituitary, ukwelashwa kungenziwa futhi ngamahomoni e-pituitary ukukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwesidoda emadodeni noma ekukhiqizeni i-ovulation kwabesifazane futhi ngaleyo ndlela kubuyise ukuzala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esimweni sesimila endleleni yebhinqa, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ukukhipha isimila, ukusebenzisa imishanguzo, i-radiotherapy noma ukwelashwa ngamahomoni.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Izinkinga ezingabangelwa yi-hypogonadism yilezi:

• Izitho zobulili ezingavamile emadodeni;
• Ukukhula kwamabele emadodeni;
• Ukungasebenzi kwe-Erectile emadodeni;
• Ingozi eyengeziwe yesifo senhliziyo;
• Ukwanda kwesisindo somzimba;
• Ukulahleka kwemisipha;
• Ukungabi nenzalo;
• I-osteoporosis.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hypogonadism ingathinta ukuzethemba kwabesilisa nabesifazane futhi idale ubunzima ebudlelwaneni bezothando noma ezinkingeni zengqondo ezinjengokudangala, ukukhathazeka noma ukungawamukeli umzimba uqobo.