I-HIV-1 ne-HIV-2: ziyini futhi yini umehluko

-Delile

• 4 umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-HIV-1 ne-HIV-2
• 1. Zikuphi lapho zivame kakhulu
• 2. Zidluliselwa kanjani
• 3. Sivela kanjani isifo
• 4. Yelashwa kanjani

I-HIV-1 ne-HIV-2 yizinhlayiya ezimbili ezihlukene zegciwane le-HIV, elaziwa nangokuthi i-human immunodeficiency virus, elibhekene nokudala ingculaza, okuyisifo esibi kakhulu esithinta amasosha omzimba futhi sinciphise ukuphendula komzimba.

Lawa magciwane, yize ebanga isifo esifanayo futhi edluliswa ngendlela efanayo, aveza umehluko othile obalulekile, ikakhulukazi ezingeni lawo lokudluliswa nangendlela isifo esiguquka ngayo.

4 umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-HIV-1 ne-HIV-2

I-HIV-1 ne-HIV-2 zinokufana okuningi ngokuya ngokuziphindaphinda kwazo, indlela yokudlulisa kanye nokubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo kwengculazi, kepha kunokunye umehluko:

1. Zikuphi lapho zivame kakhulu

I-HIV-1 ivame kakhulu kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomhlaba, kuyilapho i-HIV-2 ivame kakhulu eNtshonalanga Afrika.

2. Zidluliselwa kanjani

Indlela yokudlulisa igciwane iyafana ne-HIV-1 ne-HIV-2 futhi kwenziwa ngokuxhumana ngocansi okungavikelekile, ukwaba imijovo phakathi kwabantu abanegciwane, ukudluliswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ukuthintana negazi elinaleli gciwane.

Yize zidluliswa ngendlela efanayo, i-HIV-2 ikhiqiza izinhlayiya ezingaphansi kwegciwane kune-HIV-1, ngakho-ke, ingozi yokudluliswa iphansi kubantu abatheleleke nge-HIV-2.

3. Sivela kanjani isifo

Uma ukutheleleka nge-HIV kudlulela kwi-AIDS, inqubo yokuthuthukisa lesi sifo ifana kakhulu kuzo zombili izinhlobo zamagciwane. Kodwa-ke, njengoba i-HIV-2 inomthamo wegciwane ophansi, ukuvela kokutheleleka kuye kwehle kancane. Lokhu kwenza ukuvela kwezimpawu esimweni sengculaza esidalwa yi-HIV-2 nakho kuthatha isikhathi eside, okungathatha iminyaka efika kwengama-30, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-HIV-1, engaba yiminyaka eyi-10.

Ingculazi ivela lapho umuntu enezifo ezingosomathuba, njengesifo sofuba noma i-pneumonia, isibonelo, ezizibonakalisa ngenxa yobuthakathaka bamasosha omzimba abangelwa yigciwane. Bona okuningi ngesifo kanye nezimpawu ezingenzeka.

4. Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka nge-HIV kwenziwa ngemishanguzo, okuthi noma ingaliqedi igciwane emzimbeni, isize ekulivikeleni ukuba lande, yehlise ukuqhubeka kwe-HIV, ivimbele ukudluliswa kwayo futhi isize ukuvikela amasosha omzimba.

Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokwehluka kofuzo phakathi kwamagciwane, inhlanganisela yemithi yokwelashwa kwe-HIV-1 ne-HIV-2 ingahluka, ngoba i-HIV-2 imelana nezigaba ezimbili zama-antiretrovirals: reverse transcriptase analogues ne-fusion / entry inhibitors . Funda kabanzi mayelana nokwelashwa kwe-HIV.