I-HIV Nokuhamba: Izeluleko Ezi-8 Ngaphambi Kokuya

-Delile

• 1. Zinike isikhathi esengeziwe
• 2. Qiniseka ukuthi ayikho imikhawulo ezweni ohlela ukuvakashela kulo
• 3. Hlela isikhathi sokubonana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo
• 4. Thola imigomo edingekayo
• 5. Pakisha imithi oyodinga ohambweni lwakho
• 6. Gcina imithi yakho isondele
• 7. Buyekeza umshwalense wakho bese uthenge okuningi uma kudingeka
• 8. Lungiselela lapho uya khona
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ukubuka konke

Uma uhlela iholide noma uhambo lomsebenzi futhi uphila ne-HIV, ukuhlela kusengaphambili kuzokusiza ukuba ube nohambo olumnandi ngokwengeziwe.

Ezimweni eziningi, i-HIV ngeke ithinte noma ikuvimbe ekuhambeni. Kepha ukuhamba kwasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe kuzodinga ukulungiswa okuthile. Ukuya ezweni elihlukile kuzodinga ukuhlela okwengeziwe.

Nawa amanye amathiphu wokukusiza uhlele futhi ulungiselele ukuphunyuka kwakho.

1. Zinike isikhathi esengeziwe

Ukuhamba lapho une-HIV kungadinga ukuhlela okwengeziwe nokuzilungiselela. Zama ukubhuka uhambo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa noma ngaphezulu ngaphambili.

Lokhu kuzonikeza isikhathi esiningi sokuhlangana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo, uthole imishanguzo kanye nemithi yokugoma eyengeziwe, uqinisekise umshwalense wakho, uphinde upake kahle indawo oya kuyo.

2. Qiniseka ukuthi ayikho imikhawulo ezweni ohlela ukuvakashela kulo

Ungahle udinge ukwenza ucwaningo ngaphambi kokuhambela amazwe omhlaba.

Amanye amazwe anemikhawulo ekuhambeni kwabantu abaphila ne-HIV. Imikhawulo yezokuvakasha iyindlela yokubandlululwa uma une-HIV.

Isibonelo, amanye amazwe anezinqubomgomo maqondana nabantu abane-HIV abangena ezweni noma abahlala ukuvakashelwa kwesikhashana (izinsuku ezingama-90 noma ngaphansi) noma ukuvakashelwa isikhathi eside (ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezingama-90).

Abameli emhlabeni jikelele basebenzela ukunciphisa nokususa imikhawulo yokuhamba, futhi benze inqubekela phambili.

Kusukela ngo-2018, amazwe ayi-143 awanayo imikhawulo yokuhamba kulabo abaphila ne-HIV.

Nazi ezinye izibonelo zenqubekela phambili yakamuva:

• ITaiwan neSouth Korea bayisusile yonke imikhawulo ekhona.
• ISingapore isiyisebenzisile imithetho yayo futhi manje isivumela ukuhlala isikhashana.
• ICanada yenza kube lula kubantu abaphila ne-HIV ukuthola imvume yokuhlala.

Ungasesha imininingwane e-inthanethi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izwe linayo yini imikhawulo kubahambi abane-HIV. Amanxusa namanxusa nazo ziyizinsiza eziwusizo zokuthola eminye imininingwane.

3. Hlela isikhathi sokubonana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo okungenani inyanga ngaphambi kohambo lwakho. Bangakhuluma ngesimo sakho samanje sempilo nokuthi singazithinta kanjani izinhlelo zakho zokuhamba. Bangase futhi benze ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukubona ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho asebenza kanjani kahle.

Kulesi sikhathi sokuqokwa, kufanele futhi:

• Thola ulwazi mayelana nemithi yokugoma edingekayo noma imithi ongayidinga ngaphambi kohambo lwakho.
• Cela incwadi kadokotela nganoma imiphi imithi oyodinga phakathi nohambo lwakho.
• Thola amakhophi wanoma yimiphi imiyalo ozoyisebenzisa phakathi nohambo lwakho.
• Cela incwadi evela kudokotela wakho echaza ngemithi ozoyipakisha oyisebenzise ohambweni lwakho. Ungadinga ukukhombisa le dokhumenti ngesikhathi sokuvakasha nakwamasiko.
• Khuluma nganoma yiziphi izingqinamba zezokwelapha ezingenzeka ngenkathi usohambweni.
• Xoxa ngemitholampilo noma abahlinzeki bezempilo lapho uya khona abangakusiza ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma kunesidingo.

4. Thola imigomo edingekayo

Ukuhambela amazwe athile kudinga ukuthola imigomo emisha yokugoma noma imigomo yokulekelela. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo cishe uzobuyekeza impilo yakho ngaphambi kokuncoma noma ukuphatha imigomo ethile.

I-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ithi labo abane-HIV ngaphandle kokucindezelwa kanzima kumele bagonywe njenganoma yimuphi omunye umhambi. Abantu abane-HIV bangadinga imishanguzo eyengeziwe yezimo ezinjengemvukuzane uma amandla abo omzimba ephelile.

Isibalo esiphansi se-CD4 T lymphocyte singashintsha isikhathi sokusabela emithini yokugoma. Le mithi yokugoma kungenzeka ingasebenzi kahle noma ithathe isikhathi eside ukusebenza ngokuya ngaleli nani.

Lokhu kungadinga ukuthi uthole umuthi wokugoma ngokuqhubekayo kusengaphambili noma uthole imishanguzo eyengeziwe yokulekelela. Ukwengeza, i-lymphocyte ephansi ye-CD4 T ingakuvimbela ekutholeni imigomo ethile, njenge-yellow fever.

5. Pakisha imithi oyodinga ohambweni lwakho

Qiniseka ukuthi unayo yonke imithi oyodinga ukuyithatha ohambweni lwakho ngaphambi kokuhamba. Letha imithamo eyengeziwe uma kwenzeka uhlangabezana nokubambezeleka lapho usohambweni.

Imithi kufanele iphawulwe ngokusobala futhi iphakishwe ekuqaleni. Qiniseka ukuthi ubuyekeza ukuthi ungayigcina kanjani kahle imithi. Cabanga ukuthi ngabe zidinga ukugcinwa ekushiseni okuthile noma zifihliwe ekukhanyeni uma zizwela ekukhanyeni.

Phatha ikhophi yencwadi evela kumhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo echaza imithi yakho.

Ungakusebenzisa lokhu uma isikhulu samasiko sikucela noma uma udinga ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha noma ukushintsha imithi ngenkathi ungekho.

Le ncwadi kufanele ifake imininingwane yokuxhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo nemithi oyiphuzayo. Akudingi ukucacisa ukuthi kungani uthatha imishanguzo.

6. Gcina imithi yakho isondele

Cabanga ngokugcina imithi esikhwameni sokuphatha uma uzohlukaniswa nomthwalo wakho nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi unemithi yakho uma kwenzeka ulahlekelwe yimithwalo noma ilimele.

Uma uhlela ukuhamba ngendiza, ukuphatha imishanguzo engamanzi ngaphezu kwamamililitha ayi-100 (mL) kuzodinga imvume enkampanini yezindiza yakho noma esikhumulweni sezindiza. Thinta inkampani yakho yezindiza ukuthola ukuthi uqhuba kanjani uketshezi oluningi kunomkhawulo ojwayelekile.

7. Buyekeza umshwalense wakho bese uthenge okuningi uma kudingeka

Qiniseka ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lomshuwalense luzobhekana nanoma yiziphi izidingo zezokwelapha ngenkathi usohambweni. Thenga umshuwalense wokuhamba uma udinga ukumbozwa okungeziwe ngenkathi usezweni elihlukile. Qiniseka ukuthi uthatha ikhadi lakho lomshuwalense ohambweni lwakho uma kwenzeka udinga usizo lwezokwelapha.

8. Lungiselela lapho uya khona

Ukuhamba kungafika nezingozi ezithile kunoma ngubani, hhayi labo abane-HIV kuphela. Ufuna ukugwema ukuxhumana okungadingekile nokungcola okuthile ukugwema ukugula. Ukupakisha izinto ezithile kungakusiza ukuthi ugweme ukuvezwa.

Ukuhambela ezweni elinezinambuzane ezithwala izifo, pakisha isithako sokuxosha izinambuzane nge-DEET (okungenani amaphesenti angama-30) nezingubo ezimboza isikhumba sakho. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza imithi engavimbela lezi zifo.

Ungase futhi ufune ukupakisha ithawula noma ingubo ozoyisebenzisa emapaki nasemabhishi futhi ugqoke izicathulo ukuvimbela ukuhlangana nodoti wezilwane.

Futhi, pakisha i-sanitizer yesandla ozoyisebenzisa ohambweni lwakho ukuze ugcine izandla zakho zikhululekile kumagciwane.

Funda ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okufanele ukugweme uma uya ezweni elisathuthuka.

Gwema ukudla izithelo noma imifino eluhlaza ngaphandle kokuthi uzihlube, inyama eluhlaza noma engaphekiwe noma izinhlanzi zasolwandle, imikhiqizo yobisi engacutshungulwanga, noma yini evela kumthengisi wasemgwaqweni. Gwema ukuphuza amanzi ompompi nokusebenzisa iqhwa elenziwe ngamanzi ompompi.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Kungenzeka ukujabulele ukuhambela ibhizinisi noma ukungcebeleka lapho uphila ne-HIV.

Qiniseka ukuthi ubona umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngaphambi kohambo lokubuyekeza noma yiziphi izinkinga zezokwelapha ezingaphazamisa izinhlelo zakho zokuhamba.

Ukulungiselela ukuhamba ngemigomo, imithi eyanele, umshuwalense, kanye nemishini efanele kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuzwa okuhle kokuhamba.