Ingabe I-surrogacy Isebenza Kanjani, Ngokuqondile?

-Delile

• Kuyini Ukuzimela Ngempela?
• Kungani Ufuna Ukuphishekelwa?
• Ngabe Ungamthola Kanjani Umuntu Omtholela Umuntu?
• Ngabe Imithetho Ezungeze Ukwemukelwa Ngendlela Ebukeka Ngayo Ibukeka Kanjani?
• Ngabe Umuntu Owamukelayo Ukhulelwa Kanjani?
• Ziyini Izindleko Zokushadelwa Ngezingane?
• Ungaba Yini Umuntu Ongamukelelwa Umuntu?
• Imithelela Yempilo Yezengqondo Yokuzimela
• Buyekeza kwe-

UKim Kardashian ukwenzile. Kanjalo noGabrielle Union. Futhi manje, uLance Bass uyakwenza futhi.

Kepha ngaphandle kokubandakanywa kohlu lwayo lwe-A nenani lentengo elibizayo, ukuzimela ngokweqile akuyona nje izinkanyezi. Imindeni iphendukela kule nqubo yokuzala yomuntu wesithathu ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene - kepha ukuzimela ngokwesivumelwano kuhlala kuyimfihlakalo kulabo abangazange bakwenze.

Kodwa, ngempela, ukusebenza kwe-surrogacy kusebenza kanjani? Phambili, izimpendulo zayo yonke imibuzo yakho ehlobene ne-surrogacy, ngokusho kochwepheshe.

Kuyini Ukuzimela Ngempela?

"I-Surrogacy yigama elivamile lokuhlelwa phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili: Obambele uyavuma ukuthwala ukukhulelwa kwabazali noma umzali ohlosiwe. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuzala: ukukhulelwa kanye nokutholwa kwendabuko," kusho uBarry Witt, MD, umqondisi wezokwelapha e- WINUkuzala.

“I-Gestational surrogacy isebenzisa iqanda likamama ohlosiwe (noma iqanda lokunikela) nesidoda sikababa ohlosiwe (noma onikela ngesidoda) ukuze kwakhe umbungu, obese udluliselwa esibelethweni somuntu oshade naye,” kusho uDkt. Witt.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, “ukuzala okungokwesiko kulapho kusetshenziswa khona amaqanda engane ezelwe, okumenza abe umama wengane. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokufaka umthwali wesidoda esiphuma kubaba (noma onikela ngesidoda) obese ekhulelwa, kanye nomntwana. ingane ezalwayo ingeyomzali ohlosiwe, "kusho uDkt. Witt.

Kepha ukuzala kwendabuko kukude kakhulu kunejwayelekile ngo-2021, ngokusho kukaDkt. Witt. "Manje kwenziwa kancane kakhulu ngoba sekuyinkimbinkimbi, ngokomthetho nangokomzwelo," kuchaza yena. "Njengoba umama wezakhi zofuzo nomama wokuzalwa befana, isimo somthetho sengane sinzima kakhulu ukuthola kunesimo sokukhulelwa lapho iqanda livela kumzali ohlosiwe." (Okuhlobene: Yini u-Ob-Gyns Afisa Abesifazane Babekwazi Ngokuzala Kwabo)

Amathuba ukuthi uma uzwa mayelana nokuzala (kungaba kuKim Kardashian noma umakhelwane wakho) kungenzeka ukuthi ukukhulelwa.

Kungani Ufuna Ukuphishekelwa?

Into yokuqala eyokuqala: Yekani umbono wokuthi ukuzala omunye kumayelana nokunethezeka. Kunezimo eziningana ezenza lokhu kube inqubo edingekayo kwezokwelapha. (Okuhlobene: Kuyini Ukungazali Kwesibili, Futhi Yini Ongayenza Ngakho?)

Abantu baphishekela ukuzala ngenxa yokushoda kwesibeletho (kungaba ngowesifazane ophilayo owayene-hysterectomy noma kothile owabelwa owesilisa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa) noma umlando wokuhlinzwa kwesibeletho (isib. ukusula isibeletho ngemuva kokukhishwa kwesisu noma ukukhipha isisu), kuchaza uSheva Talebian, MD, isazi sokugcina inzalo e-CCRM Fertility eNew York City. Ezinye izizathu zokukhulelwa? Lapho othile ngaphambilini ehlangabezane nokukhulelwa okunzima noma okuyingozi kakhulu, ukukhulelwa kwesisu okuningi okungaqondakali, noma imijikelezo ye-IVF ehlulekile; futhi-ke, uma izithandani zobulili obufanayo noma umuntu ongashadile ongakwazi ukuthwala uphishekela ukuba ngumzali.

Ngabe Ungamthola Kanjani Umuntu Omtholela Umuntu?

Izindaba zomngani noma ilunga lomndeni elizivolontiya ukuphathela othandekayo ingane? Lokho akuzona nje izinto zamamuvi noma izihloko zezindaba eziyingozi. Amanye amalungiselelo e-surrogacy, empeleni, asingathwa ngokuzimela, ngokusho kuka-Janene Oleaga, Esq., ummeli osizwayo wobuchwepheshe bokuzala. Ngokuvamile, noma kunjalo, imindeni isebenzisa i-ejensi yokuzimela ukuze ithole ophethe.

Nakuba inqubo ingahluka kusuka ku-ejensi eyodwa iye kwenye, ku-Circle Surrogacy, isibonelo, "amathimba afanayo nasemthethweni asebenza ndawonye ukuze anqume izinketho ezingcono kakhulu zokufanisa ngokusekelwe ezicini ezihlukahlukene," kusho u-Jen Rachman, LCSW, umngane wokufinyelela ku-Circle. Ukuzimela. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isimo lapho umuntu omela umuntu wesivumelwano ehlala khona, noma ngabe unomshuwalense, kanye nokuthandwa okufana kubo bobabili abazali abahlosiwe kanye nalowo omthathileyo, uyachaza. "Uma umdlalo utholakele, amaphrofayili ahlelwe kabusha wabazali abahlosiwe kanye nama-surrogates (angenalo ulwazi olukhombayo) azoshintshaniswa. Uma bobabili abathintekayo bezwakalisa intshisekelo, i-Circle ihlela ukushayelwa ucingo (okuvamise ukuba yikholi yevidiyo) ndawonye ukuze kwenziwe ngokwesivumelwano futhi kuhloswe ngabazali sazane. "

Futhi uma zombili izinhlangothi zivuma ukulandela umdlalo, inqubo ayipheli lapho. "Udokotela we-IVF uhlola udokotela ngemuva komdlalo," kusho uRachman. "Uma nganoma yisiphi isizathu lowo obambele omunye engaphumeleli ekuhlolweni kodokotela (okuyivelakancane), i-Circle Surrogacy inikeza umdlalo omusha mahhala." (Okuhlobene: Ingabe Kufanele Uhlolwe Ukuzala Kwakho Ngaphambi Kokucabanga Ngokuthola Izingane?)

Ngokuvamile, "umuntu ongamthola ngokwesivumelwano angahlangana nengcweti kwezokuzala ukuze enze izivivinyo ezithile ukuhlola ingaphakathi lesibeletho (imvamisa i-saline sonogram esehhovisi), ukudluliswa kwecala (ukudluliswa kombungu okumbumbulu ukuqiniseka ukuthi ipayipi lingafakwa kahle ), kanye ne-ultrasound engaphandle kokuhlola ukwakheka kwesibeletho namaqanda, "kusho uDkt Talebian. "Umuntu ozomthola ngokwesivumelwano uzodinga iPap smear ebuyekeziwe futhi uma eneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-35 ubudala, kumele ahlangane nalowo ozobhekela ukukhulelwa kwakhe." Ngenkathi ukuhlolwa kwezokwelashwa kusaqhubeka, inkontileka esemthethweni iyabhalwa ukuze izinhlangothi zombili zisayine.

Ngabe Imithetho Ezungeze Ukwemukelwa Ngendlela Ebukeka Ngayo Ibukeka Kanjani?

Nokho, lokho kuya ngokuthi uhlala kuphi.

"[Kunokwehluka okumangazayo] kusuka kuhulumeni kuya kwesinye," kusho u-Oleaga. "Isibonelo, e-Louisiana, ukutholwa ukuze uthole isinxephezelo [okusho ukuthi ukhokha umuntu obambele] akuvunyelwe nhlobo. E-New York, ukuzala okunxeshezelwayo kwakungemthetho kuze kube nguFebhuwari odlule. Uma ulandela imithetho kungaphezu kwebhodi futhi ngokuphelele. ngokomthetho, kodwa yindlela izifunda ezihluka ngayo."

Izinsiza ezifana ne-Legal Professional Group ye-American Society for Reproductive Medicine (LPG) kanye ne-Family Inceptions, isevisi yokuzala, zombili zinikeza ukuhlukaniswa okuphelele kwemithetho yamanje yezifundazwe kumawebhusayithi azo. Futhi uma ucabanga ukuya phesheya ukuze uthole i-surrogacy, uzophinde ufune ukufunda ngezinqumo zezwe mayelana ne-surrogacy yamazwe ngamazwe kuwebhusayithi yoMnyango Wezwe wase-U.S.

Yebo, imininingwane esemthethweni ye-surrogacy inzima ngendlela exakile - abazali abahlosiwe bakwenza kanjani lokhu? U-Oleaga uphakamisa ukuhlangana ne-ejensi futhi mhlawumbe afune ukubonisana kwamahhala kwezomthetho kothile owenza umthetho womndeni ukuze afunde kabanzi. Amanye amasevisi, afana ne-Family Inceptions, nawo anenketho kuwebhusayithi yawo yokuxhumana nethimba lamasevisi ezomthetho enhlangano nganoma yimiphi imibuzo ukuze kusizwe abangaba abazali bakusasa baqale. Nokho, into okufanele ikhunjulwe ukuthi bobabili abazali abahlosiwe kanye nomuntu oshade naye badinga ukumelwa okungokomthetho ukuze benze inqubo yokufaka umbungu esibelethweni somunye. Lokhu kuvimbela izimo ezibuhlungu ekudlaleni phansi kulayini.

"Isikhathi eside, wonke umuntu wayesaba ukuthi umuntu ozomthola esikhundleni uzoshintsha umqondo wakhe. Ngicabanga ukuthi izifundazwe eziningi zinayo le mithetho ngesizathu," kusho u-Oleaga. "[Njengesibambeli], usayina i-oda langaphambi kokuzalwa elithi 'Angiyena umzali ohlosiwe,' okufanele kunike abazali [okuhlosiwe] umuzwa wokulondeka bazi ukuthi amalungelo abo angokomthetho njengabazali aqashelwa lapho umntwana esibelethweni." Kepha, futhi, kuya ngokuthi uhlala kuphi. Izifundazwe eziningana ziyakwenza hhayi vumela ama-oda angaphambi kokubeletha ngenkathi abanye bevumela ama-oda wokuzalwa kokubeletha (afana ncamashi nozakwabo "wangaphambi" kodwa atholakala kuphela ngemuva kokubeletha). Futhi kwezinye izifundazwe, indlela ongavikela ngayo amalungelo akho omzali (i-oda langaphambi kokuzalwa, i-post-birth order, noma i-post-birth adoption) incike esimweni sakho somshado kanye nokuthi uyingxenye yombhangqwana ongefani noma ongqingili, phakathi kokunye. izici, ngokusho kwe-LPG.

Ngabe Umuntu Owamukelayo Ukhulelwa Kanjani?

Empeleni, ukuvunyelwa kokukhulelwa usebenzisa in vitro fertilization; amaqanda avunwa ngokuhlinzwa (akhishwe) kumnikeli noma kumzali ohlosiwe futhi avundiswe elebhu ye-IVF. Ngaphambi kokuba imibungu ifakwe esibelethweni somuntu okhulelwe, kumelwe “ilungiselelwe ngokwezokwelapha ukuze ithole umbungu ukuze ufakwe,” kusho uDkt. Witt.

"[Lokhu] ngokujwayelekile kufaka umuthi ocindezela ukuvuthwa kweqanda (ngakho-ke [aka ]vusi iqanda lakhe phakathi nomjikelezo), kulandelwe i-estrogen ethathwa cishe amasonto amabili ukwenza ulwelwesi lwesibeletho lukhule," kuchaza yena. "Lapho ulwelwesi lwesibeletho selujiyile ngokwanele [othwala okhulelwe] uthatha iprogesterone, evuthisa ulwelwesi ukuze ikwazi ukwamukela umbungu obekwa esibelethweni ngemuva kwezinsuku ezinhlanu zeprogesterone. Lokhu kulingisa ukulungiselelwa kwamahomoni emvelo ulwelwesi lwesibeletho uhamba inyanga ngayinye kwabesifazane abasesikhathini." (Okuhlobene: Ngokuqondile Indlela Amazinga Akho Ehomoni Ashintsha Ngayo Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa)

"Ezimweni eziningi, abazali abahlosiwe benza ukuhlolwa kofuzo emibungwini ukuze bakhethe imibungu enamanani ejwayelekile e-chromosome ukuze kwandiswe amathuba okusebenza kwayo futhi kwehlise nengozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwezithwala," kunezela uDkt Witt.

Ziyini Izindleko Zokushadelwa Ngezingane?

Isexwayiso se-Spoiler: Izinombolo zingaphakama ngokumangazayo. UDkt. Talebian uthi: “Le nqubo ingabamba izindleko abaningi. "Izindleko ze-IVF zingahluka kodwa okungenani okungenani zingama- $ 15,000 futhi zingakhuphuka zifike ku- $ 50,000 uma kudingeka amaqanda abanikelayo." (Okuhlobene: Ingabe Izindleko Eziphezulu ze-IVF Yabesifazane BaseMelika Zidinga Ngempela?)

Ngaphezu kwezindleko ze-IVF, uDkt. Talebian uveza ukuthi kukhona nezindleko ze-ejensi nezomthetho. Kulabo abasebenzisa amaqanda abanikeli, kunezindleko ezihambisana nalokho futhi, futhi abazali abahlosiwe ngokuvamile bakhokha zonke izindleko zezokwelapha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokubeletha. Ngaphezu kwakho konke lokho, kukhona imali ye-surrogate, engahluka ngokuya ngesimo abahlala kuso, noma ngabe banomshuwalense, kanye ne-ejensi abasebenza nayo nemali ebekiwe, ngokusho kwe-Circle Surrogacy. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ezinye izifundazwe azivumeli ukuthi abasebenza ngokwesivumelwano banxeshezelwe. Kulabo abakwenzayo, noma kunjalo, imali ekhokhelwa ngokwesivumelwano isukela ku- $ 25,000 iye ku- $ 50,000, kusho uRachman - futhi lokho kungaphambi kokuba uthole isinxephezelo semali elahlekile (isikhathi esathathwa sokuqokwa, ukulethwa ngemuva, njll.), Ukunakekelwa kwezingane (kwanoma yiziphi ezinye izingane lapho uya, usho, izikhathi ezimisiwe), uhambo (cabanga: ukuya noma ukubuya ngezikhathi zokwelashwa, ukulethwa, ukuze umuntu obambele avakashe, njll.), nezinye izindleko.

Uma uqagele ukuthi konke kufinyelela kwisamba esikhulu, uqinisile. (Kuhlobene: Izindleko Eziphezulu Zokungazali: Abesifazane Basengozini Yokuqothuka Kwengane)

"Inqubo yokuthola omunye umuntu ngokwesilinganiso [isengabhekwa] ingahle isuke ku- $ 75,000 iye ngaphezulu kwe- $ 100,000," kusho uDkt Talebian. "Eminye imishwalense enikezela ngemihlomulo yokuzala ingahlanganisa izinto ezahlukahlukene zale nqubo, kunciphise izindleko ezikhishwa ephaketheni." Lokho kusho ukuthi, uma ukuzimela ngokweqile kuyindlela edingekayo nehamba phambili, abantu bangakwazi ukuthola usizo lwezezimali ngezibonelelo noma ngemalimboleko evela ezinhlanganweni ezinjengeGift of Parenthood. (Ungathola uhlu lwezinhlangano ezinikeza la mathuba nezinqubo zazo zokufaka izicelo online, njengakumawebhusayithi wezinsizakalo zokuzala.) "Ngibazi abantu abadale amakhasi eGoFundMe ukusiza ukukhulisa imali ngenqubo," kunezela uDkt. I-Talebian.

Kunokwehluka okukhulu okuzungezile nokungahlanganiswa ngumshuwalense wakho, noma kunjalo, ngokusho kukaRachman. Ukuvama kuvame ukuba kuncane futhi izindleko eziningi ziyizindleko ezingaphandle kwezikhwama. Indlela enhle yokufunda ukuthi yini ezobe ingekho futhi engeke imbozwe ukukhuluma ngqo nomenzeli womshuwalense ongakudonsela lokhu.

Ungaba Yini Umuntu Ongamukelelwa Umuntu?

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukugcwalisa isicelo nge-ejensi yokutholwa, ongayithola ngokuvamile kuwebhusayithi ye-ejensi.Abasolwa kufanele babe phakathi kweminyaka engu-21 nengu-40 ubudala, babe ne-BMI engaphansi kweminyaka engu-32, futhi babelethe okungenani ingane eyodwa (ukuze odokotela bangaqinisekisa ukuthi abantu abazalelwe bayakwazi ukuthwala ukukhulelwa okunempilo kuze kube sekupheleni), ngokusho kukaDkt. Talebian. Uphinde athi umuntu omele omunye akumele ancelise ibele noma uthole ukulethwa okungaphezu kwesihlanu noma ngaphezulu kwezingxenye ezimbili ze-C; kwakufanele futhi bakhulelwe okungenazinkinga esikhathini esidlule, umlando wokuphuphunyelwa kwesisu okungaphezu kokukodwa, babe nempilo enhle ngokuvamile, futhi bagweme ukubhema nezidakamizwa.

Imithelela Yempilo Yezengqondo Yokuzimela

Futhi nakuba kungokwemvelo ukuzibuza ngemiphumela engokomzwelo yokuthwala umntwana ongeke uyikhulise, ochwepheshe banamagama aqinisekisayo.

“Abesifazane abaningi abakhulelwe baye babika ukuthi abanabo ubuhlobo obufanayo nababuhlakulela ngesikhathi bekhulelwe nezingane zabo nokuthi kufana nokuhlangenwe nakho okujulile kokugada umntwana,” kusho uDkt. Witt. "Abazakwethu bathola injabulo emangalisayo ngekhono labo lokusiza abazali ukuba bafinyelele imigomo yabo yomndeni futhi bazi zisuka nje ukuthi ingane akuyona eyakhe. (Okuhlobene: Indlela Engangifunda Ngayo Ukuphinda Ngithembe Umzimba Wami Ngemva Kokuphuphunyelwa Kwesisu)

Ngenkathi ukusekelwa okutholwa ngabazala ngokwesivumelwano kuncike kwi-ejensi, "bonke abamukelekayo ohlelweni lwethu baxhumene nosonhlalakahle osizayo ongena kumuntu onikwa imali ngenyanga ukuze abone ukuthi uqhuba kanjani / uzizwa kanjani ngokwesivumelwano," kusho uSolveig Gramann , umqondisi wezinsizakalo zokumela omunye umuntu e-Circle Surrogacy. "Usonhlalonhle osekelayo uzohlala ethintana nesivumelwano kuze kufike izinyanga ezimbili emva kokubeletha ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi ujwayela ukuzimela ngemuva kokuphila, kepha siyatholakala ukuhlala nabazala isikhathi eside kunalokho uma bedinga ukwesekwa (isibonelo, ube nesikhathi esinzima sokulethwa noma sokubeletha ngemuva kokubeletha futhi ufuna ukuqhubeka nokuhlola ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokubeletha). "

Futhi ngokuqondene nabazali okuhlosiwe, u-Rachman uxwayisa ngokuthi kungase kube inqubo ende engase iveze imizwa ethile eqinile, ikakhulukazi kumuntu oseke wabhekana nobunyumba noma ukulahlekelwa. "Imvamisa, abazali abahlosiwe bazokwelulekwa emtholampilo wabo we-IVF ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi bacabangile ngezinhlelo zabo zokutholwa futhi basekhasini elifanayo nelokutholwa kwabo uma kuqhathaniswa," kusho yena. (Okuhlobene: UKatrina Scott Unika Abalandeli Bakhe Ukubuka Okumnyama Kokuthi Ukungabi Nenzalo Kwesibili Kubukeka Kanjani Ngempela)

"Ngikhuthaza abazali abahlosiwe ukuthi bahlole ukuthi bakulungele yini ngokomzwelo nangokwezimali ukuqhubekela phambili nge-surrogacy," kusho uRachman. "Le nqubo iyi-marathon, hhayi i-sprint, futhi kubalulekile ukuzizwa ulungele ukuthatha lokho. Uma usulungele ukuvula inhliziyo yakho kule nqubo, ingaba yinhle ngokumangalisayo futhi inomvuzo."

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