Ngabe iGlucagon isebenza kanjani ukuphatha i-Hypoglycemia? Amaqiniso namathiphu

-Delile

• Isebenza kanjani i-glucagon
• IGlucagon ne-insulin: Yini ukuxhumana?
• Izinhlobo ze-glucagon
• Ujova nini i-glucagon
• Ungayifaka kanjani i-glucagon
• Umthamo we-Glucagon
• Imiphumela emibi ye-glucagon
• Ngemuva kokunikeza i-glucagon
• Ukwelapha ushukela wegazi ophansi lapho i-glucagon ingadingeki
• Ukuthatha

Ukubuka konke

Uma wena noma umuntu omaziyo enesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kungenzeka ujwayelene noshukela ophansi wegazi, noma i-hypoglycemia. Umjuluko, ukudideka, isiyezi, nokulamba ngokweqile ngezinye zezimpawu nezimpawu ezenzeka lapho ushukela wegazi wehla ngaphansi kwama-70 mg / dL (4 mmol / L).

Isikhathi esiningi, umuntu onesifo sikashukela angazelapha yedwa ushukela wegazi. Kodwa-ke, uma ingelashwa ngokushesha, ushukela ophansi wegazi ungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha.

I-Hypoglycemia ibhekwa njengolukhuni lapho ushukela wegazi lomuntu wehla kakhulu kangangokuba badinga usizo lomunye umuntu ukuze bamsize alulame. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukusebenzisa umuthi obizwa nge-glucagon.

Isebenza kanjani i-glucagon

Isibindi sakho sigcina i-glucose eyengeziwe emzimbeni wakho ngezimo lapho ushukela wegazi wehla kakhulu. Ingqondo yakho incike ku-glucose ukuze ithole amandla, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi lo mthombo wamandla ungenziwa utholakale ngokushesha.

IGlucagon iyi-hormone eyenziwe emanyikwe. Kumuntu onesifo sikashukela, i-glucagon yemvelo ayisebenzi kahle. Imithi yeGlucagon ingasiza ukuqala kwesibindi ukukhipha i-glucose egciniwe.

Lapho isibindi sakho sikhipha i-glucose ebisigcinile, amazinga kashukela egazini lakho akhuphuka ngokushesha.

Uma unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, udokotela wakho angancoma ukuthi uthenge ikhithi ye-glucagon uma kwenzeka isiqephu sikashukela wegazi ophansi kakhulu. Lapho othile ezwa ushukela wegazi ophansi kakhulu, badinga omunye umuntu ozomnika i-glucagon.

IGlucagon ne-insulin: Yini ukuxhumana?

Kumuntu ongenaso isifo sikashukela, ama-hormone insulin kanye ne-glucagon asebenza ndawonye ukulawula ngokuqinile amazinga kashukela egazini. I-insulin isebenza ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi futhi i-glucagon ibangela isibindi ukukhipha ushukela ogciniwe ukukhulisa amazinga kashukela egazini. Kumuntu ongenaso isifo sikashukela, ukukhishwa kwe-insulin kuyayeka lapho ushukela wegazi wehla.

Kumuntu onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, amaseli akhiqiza i-insulin emzimbeni ayalimala, ngakho-ke i-insulin kufanele ijojowe kusetshenziswa izinaliti noma iphampu ye-insulin. Enye inselelo kuhlobo 1 sikashukela ukuthi ngaphakathi, ushukela ophansi wegazi awubangeli ukukhishwa kwe-glucagon eyanele ukukhuphula amazinga kashukela egazini ebangeni elijwayelekile.

Yingakho i-glucagon itholakala njengomuthi wokusiza ezimweni ze-hypoglycemia enamandla, lapho umuntu engakwazi ukuzelapha. Imithi yeGlucagon ibangela ukukhishwa kwe-glucose esibindini ukwandisa amazinga kashukela egazi, njengoba kufanele kwenziwe i-hormone yemvelo.

Izinhlobo ze-glucagon

Okwamanje kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemithi ejojowe ye-glucagon etholakala e-United States. Lokhu kutholakala kuphela ngemithi kadokotela:

• IGlucaGen HypoKit
• Ikhithi Ephuthumayo yeGlucagon

NgoJulayi 2019, i-FDA ivume i-glucagon powder nasal ebizwa ngokuthi. Ukuphela kwendlela ye-glucagon etholakalayo yokwelapha i-hypoglycemia enamandla engadingi mjovo. Iphinde itholakale ngodokotela kuphela.

Uma unemithi ye-glucagon, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola njalo usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi. IGlucagon ilungele izinyanga ezingama-24 ngemuva kosuku lokwenziwa. IGlucagon kufanele igcinwe ekamelweni lokushisa, kude nokukhanya okuqondile.

Ujova nini i-glucagon

Lapho umuntu onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 engakwazi ukwelapha ushukela wegazi lakhe ophansi, angadinga i-glucagon. Imithi ingasetshenziswa lapho umuntu:

• ayiphenduli
• uqulekile
• ukwenqaba ukuphuza noma ukugwinya umthombo kashukela ngomlomo

Ungalokothi uzame ukuphoqa umuntu ukuba adle noma aphuze umthombo kashukela ngoba umuntu angaklinyeka. Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi uyisebenzisa yini i-glucagon, qaphela ukuthi cishe akunakwenzeka ngomuntu ukweqisa i-glucagon. Ngokuvamile, uma ungaqinisekile, kungcono ukunikeze.

Ungayifaka kanjani i-glucagon

Uma umuntu ehlangabezana nesiqephu esinamandla se-hypoglycemic, shayela u-911 noma inombolo yakho ephuthumayo yasendaweni ngosizo lwezokwelapha khona manjalo.

Ukwelapha i-hypoglycemia enamandla usebenzisa i-glucagon kit, landela lezi zinyathelo:

1. Vula ikhithi ye-glucagon. Kuzoba nesirinji (inaliti) egcwele uketshezi olunosawoti nebhodlela elincane lempuphu. Inaliti izoba nesihloko esivikelayo kuyo.
2. Susa ikepisi ebhodleleni lempuphu.
3. Susa phezulu inaliti yokuvikela bese ucindezela inaliti yonke indlela eya ebhodleleni.
4. Phusha lonke uketshezi olunosawoti kusuka enalithini ungene ebhodleleni lempuphu.
5. Zulisa ibhodlela ngobumnene kuze kube yilapho impuphu ye-glucagon incibilika futhi uketshezi lucacile.
6. Landela imiyalo yokufaka umthamo kukhithi ukudweba inani elifanele lenhlanganisela ye-glucagon enalithini.
7. Jova i-glucagon engxenyeni engaphandle yethanga lomuntu, ingalo engenhla, noma izinqe. Kuhle ukujova ngendwangu.
8. Gingqela umuntu eceleni kwakhe, ubeke idolo lakhe phezulu nge-engeli (sengathi bayagijima) ukumzinzisa. Lokhu kwaziwa nangokuthi "isikhundla sokutakula."

Ungalokothi unikeze umuntu i-glucagon ngomlomo ngoba ngeke isebenze.

Umthamo we-Glucagon

Kuzo zombili izinhlobo ze-glucagon ejojowe i:

• I-0.5 mL yesisombululo se-glucagon sezingane ezineminyaka engu-5 nangaphansi, noma izingane ezinesisindo esingaphansi kwama-44 lbs.
• Isixazululo esingu-1 mL se-glucagon, esiqukethe ngokuphelele ikhithi ye-glucagon, yezingane ezineminyaka engu-6 nangaphezulu nangabantu abadala

Uhlobo lwe-nasal powder lwe-glucagon lufika kumthamo wokusetshenziswa owodwa we-3 mg.

Imiphumela emibi ye-glucagon

Imiphumela emibi ye-glucagon ngokuvamile mincane. Abanye abantu bangathola isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-glucagon ejoyiweyo.

Khumbula ukuthi isicanucanu nokuhlanza nakho kungaba yizimpawu ze-hypoglycemia enamandla. Kungaba nzima ukwazi ukuthi ngabe umuntu othile uhlangabezana nomphumela oseceleni we-glucagon noma uphawu oluhlobene ne-hypoglycemia enamandla.

Ngaphezu kwesicanucanu nokuhlanza, imibiko yokuthi i-nasal glucagon nayo ingadala:

• amehlo anamanzi
• ukuminyana kwamakhala
• ukucasuka komgudu wokuphefumula ophezulu

Uma izimpawu zesicanucanu nokuhlanza zivimbela umuntu ekudleni noma ekuphuzeni umthombo kashukela ngemuva kokuba eseneglucagon, funa usizo lwezempilo.

Ngemuva kokunikeza i-glucagon

Kungathatha imizuzu engu-15 ukuthi umuntu avuke ngemuva kokuthola i-glucagon. Uma bengavuki ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-15, badinga usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha. Bangathola futhi omunye umthamo we-glucagon.

Lapho sebevukile, kufanele:

• hlola amazinga kashukela egazini labo
• kudla umthombo wamagremu ayi-15 kashukela osebenza ngokushesha, njengesoda noma ujusi oqukethe ushukela, uma bekwazi ukugwinya ngokuphephile
• yidla isidlo esincane njengokuqhekeka noshizi, ubisi noma ibha yegranola, noma udle ukudla kungakapheli ihora
• qapha amazinga kashukela egazini okungenani njalo ngehora ngamahora amathathu kuya kwamane alandelayo

Noma ngubani ohlangabezana noshukela ophansi wegazi odinga ukwelashwa nge-glucagon kufanele akhulume nodokotela wakhe ngalesi siqephu. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthola ikhi ye-glucagon ezongena esikhundleni ngokushesha.

Ukwelapha ushukela wegazi ophansi lapho i-glucagon ingadingeki

Uma ushukela wegazi ophansi welashwa ngokushesha, ngokuvamile ngeke wehle wehle ngokwanele ukuthi ungabhekwa njengobucayi. IGlucagon idingeka kuphela ezimweni ze-hypoglycemia enzima, lapho umuntu engakwazi ukuzelapha ngokwakhe lesi simo.

Ezimweni eziningi, umuntu onesifo sikashukela angazilapha yedwa ushukela wegazi noma ngosizo oluncane. Ukwelashwa ukusebenzisa amagremu ayi-15 ama-carbohydrate asebenza ngokushesha, njenge:

• Juice ijusi yenkomishi noma isoda equkethe ushukela (hhayi ukudla)
• 1 isipuni uju, isiraphu yamabele, noma ushukela
• amaphilisi eglucose

Ukulandela ukwelashwa, kubalulekile ukulinda imizuzu eyi-15 bese uhlola kabusha amazinga kashukela egazini lakho. Uma amazinga kashukela egazi asephansi, yidla amanye amagremu ayi-15 ama-carbohydrate. Qhubeka wenze lokhu kuze kube yilapho ushukela wegazi lakho ungaphezu kwama-70 mg / dL (4 mmol / L).

Ukuthatha

Izimo eziningi ze-hypoglycemia zingalawulwa ngokwazo, kepha kubalulekile ukuthi uzilungiselele. I-hypoglycemia enamandla idinga ukwelashwa nge-glucagon.

Ungahle ucabangele ukugqoka i-ID yezokwelapha. Kufanele futhi utshele abantu ochitha isikhathi esiningi ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nokuthi ungayitholaphi imishanguzo yakho ye-glucagon.

Ukubukeza izinyathelo zokusebenzisa umuthi we-glucagon nabanye kungakusiza uzizwe ukhululekile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Uzokwazi ukuthi umuntu unamakhono okukusiza uma kwenzeka uwadinga.