Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthola i-Mammogram bese uthola imiphumela?

-Delile

• Ukuhlola kuqhathaniswa nama-mammograms wokuxilonga
• Ukuhlola i-mammogram
• I-mammogram yokuxilonga
• Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani i-mammogram ejwayelekile?
• Yini ongayilindela ngesikhathi se-mammogram
• Kwenzekani ngesikhathi se-mammogram?
• Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-mammogram ye-2-D ne-3-D?
• Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthola imiphumela?
• Kwenzekani uma imiphumela ikhombisa ukungajwayelekile?
• Okubalulekile

I-mammogram isithombe se-X-ray sesifuba sakho esisetshenziselwa ukuthola umdlavuza.Kuyisivivinyo esibalulekile ngoba ikwazi ukuthola umdlavuza webele usanda kuqala ngaphambi kokuba ube nezimpawu, njengesigaxa sesifuba. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba umdlavuza wamabele wokuqala uyatholakala, kulapheka ngokwengeziwe.

Ngokwe-American Cancer Society, abesifazane abanengozi emaphakathi yomdlavuza webele kufanele baqale ukuthola ama-mammograms minyaka yonke lapho beneminyaka engama-45. Uma ungaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 kodwa ungaphansi kweminyaka engama-45, ungaqala ukuthola ama-mammograms njalo ngonyaka uma ufuna.

Lapho uneminyaka engama-55, kunconywa ukuthi bonke abesifazane babe ne-mammogram njalo ngonyaka. Kepha, uma ukhetha, ungakhetha ukuba ne-mammogram njalo ngonyaka.

Funda ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo zama-mammograms, ukuthi i-mammogram ithatha isikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi yini ongayilindela ngesikhathi senqubo nangemva kwalokho.

Ukuhlola kuqhathaniswa nama-mammograms wokuxilonga

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-mammograms. Ake sibhekisise ngamunye ngamunye.

Ukuhlola i-mammogram

I-mammogram yokuhlola yenziwa lapho ungenankinga noma ukukhathazeka ngamabele akho. Luhlobo lwe-mammogram olwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho konyaka noma kabili. Iyakwazi ukubona ukuba khona komdlavuza webele uma kungekho zimpawu noma izimpawu.

Lolu uhlobo lwe-mammogram oluchazwe ngokuningiliziwe kule ndatshana.

I-mammogram yokuxilonga

I-mammogram yokuxilonga ibheka indawo ethile yesifuba sakho. Kwenziwe ngezizathu eziningana:

• ukuhlola indawo yesifuba sakho enesigaxa noma ezinye izimpawu ezingakhombisa umdlavuza
• ukuqhubeka nokuhlola indawo esolisayo ebonwa ku-mammogram yokuhlola
• ukuvuselela kabusha indawo elashelwe umdlavuza
• lapho okuthile okufana nokufakelwa kwamabele kufihla izithombe ku-mammogram yokuhlola ejwayelekile

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani i-mammogram ejwayelekile?

Ukusuka kokungena ekuphumeni esikhungweni, yonke inqubo yokuthola i-mammogram ithatha cishe imizuzu engama-30.

Isikhathi singahluka ngezizathu eziningana, kufaka phakathi:

• uhlala isikhathi esingakanani egumbini lokulinda
• kukuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukugcwalisa uhlu lwemibuzo lwangaphambi kokuhlolwa
• kukuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukukhumula ngaphambi kwenqubo bese ugqoka futhi ngemuva kwalokho
• isikhathi esithatha uchwepheshe ukubeka amabele akho kahle
• uma kufanele kuthathwe isithombe ngoba asifaki lonke ibele noma isithombe besingacaci ngokwanele

I-mammogram uqobo uqobo ithatha kuphela imizuzu eyi-10.

Ngoba izicubu zakho zamabele kufanele zicindezelwe ukuthola isithombe esihle, esingadala ukungaphatheki kahle, ungahle uthande ukubheka isikhathi senyanga ohlela ngaso i-mammogram.

Amabele akho ngokuvamile athambile kakhulu ngesikhathi nangakwesokudla ngaphambi kwesikhathi sakho. Ngakho-ke, ungahle uthande ukuhlela i-mammogram yakho amasonto ama-2 ngaphambi noma isonto elilodwa ngemuva kokuya esikhathini.

Yini ongayilindela ngesikhathi se-mammogram

Ngemuva kokungena esikhungweni sezithombe, ungahlala egumbini lokulinda uze ubizelwe i-mammogram yakho. Ungacelwa ukuthi ugcwalise uhlu lwemibuzo ngenkathi ulindile.

Okulandelayo, uchwepheshe uzokubizela egumbini elinomshini we-mammogram. Uma ungakagcwalisi uhlu lwemibuzo, uchwepheshe uzokucela ukuthi wenze njalo. Leli fomu linemibuzo mayelana:

• umlando wakho wezokwelapha
• imithi oyiphuzayo
• noma yikuphi ukukhathazeka noma izinkinga ngamabele akho
• umlando womuntu noma womndeni womdlavuza webele noma we-ovari

Uchwepheshe naye uzokuqinisekisa ukuthi awukhulelwe.

Uzocelwa ukuthi ukhumule kusuka okhalweni kuye phezulu ngemuva kokuthi uchwepheshe eshiye igumbi. Uzogqoka ingubo kakotini. Ukuvulwa kufanele kube ngaphambili.

Uzodinga futhi nokususa imigexo nezinye izinto zokuhloba. I-deodorant ne-talcum powder kungaphazamisa izithombe, ngakho-ke uzocelwa ukuthi uzisule lezi uma uzigqokile.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi se-mammogram?

1. Uma usugqoke ingubo, uzocelwa ukuthi ume eduze komshini we-mammogram. Uzobe ususa ingalo eyodwa engutsheni.
2. Uchwepheshe uzobeka isifuba sakho epuletini eliyisicaba bese wehlisa elinye ipuleti ukuze acindezele futhi asakaze izicubu zakho zesifuba. Lokhu kungahle kungaphatheki kahle, kodwa kuzohlala imizuzwana embalwa kuphela.
3. Lapho isifuba sakho sesimiswe kahle phakathi kwamapuleti, uzocelwa ukuthi ubambe umoya. Ngenkathi ubambe umoya, uchwepheshe uzothatha i-X-ray ngokushesha. Ipuleti lizobe seliphakamisa isifuba sakho.
4. Ubuchwepheshe buzokubeka kabusha ukuze isithombe sesibili sebele sitholakale ngenye indlela. Lokhu kulandelana kuyaphindwa kwesinye isifuba sakho.

Uchwepheshe uzophuma ekamelweni ahlole ama-X-ray. Uma isithombe singakhombisi ngokwanele lonke isifuba, kuzodingeka siphindwe. Lapho zonke izithombe zamukelekile, ungagqoka bese ushiya indawo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-mammogram ye-2-D ne-3-D?

I-mammogram yendabuko engu-2-dimensional (2-D) ikhiqiza izithombe ezimbili zesifuba ngasinye. Isithombe esisodwa sivela eceleni kanti esinye sivela phezulu.

Uma izicubu zakho zesifuba zingasakazeki ngokuphelele noma zicindezelwe ngokwanele, zingagqagqana. Isithombe sezicubu ezigqagqene kungaba nzima ukuthi i-radiologist ihlole, okwenza kube lula ukugeja okungajwayelekile. Inkinga efanayo ingenzeka uma izicubu zakho zesifuba ziminyene.

I-3-D-mammogram (3-D) mammogram (tomosynthesis) ithatha izithombe eziningi zesifuba ngasinye, zakhe isithombe esingu-3-D. Udokotela we-radiologist angadlula ezithombeni, okwenza kube lula ukubona ukungajwayelekile noma ngabe izicubu zamabele ziminyene.

Izithombe eziningi ziqeda inkinga yokugqagqana kwezicubu kepha zandisa isikhathi esithathayo ukwenza i-mammogram.

Ucwaningo lwamuva luphakamise ukuthi ama-mammograms ama-3-D ayengcono kunama-mammograms ama-2-D kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu. Ama-mammograms ama-3-D athola izindawo ezimbalwa ezazifana nomdlavuza kepha empeleni zazingejwayelekile kune-2-D mammograms.

Ama-mammograms ama-3-D nawo angathola umdlavuza ongaphezulu kwama-mammograms ama-2-D.

Yize i-American Society of Breast Surgeons incamela ama-mammograms ama-3-D kubo bonke abesifazane abangaphezu kwama-40, ama-mammograms ama-2-D asasetshenziswa kaningi ngoba izinkampani eziningi zomshuwalense azikhokhi izindleko ezingeziwe ze-3-D.

Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthola imiphumela?

Cishe wonke ama-mammograms enziwa ngokwamanani, ngakho-ke izithombe zigcinwa nge-elektroniki esikhundleni sefilimu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izithombe zingabukwa yi-radiologist kukhompyutha njengoba zithathwa.

Kodwa-ke, kuvame ukuthatha usuku noma ezimbili ukuthi udokotela we-radiologist abuke izithombe bese kuthi ezinye izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuthi kuthayishwe ukubizelwa kwere radiologist. Lokhu kusho ukuthi udokotela wakho wokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo uvame ukuba nemiphumela emuva kwezinsuku ezi-3 kuya kwezi-4 ngemuva kwe-mammogram yakho.

Odokotela abaningi noma abahlinzeki bezempilo bazokuthinta khona manjalo uma kutholakala okungajwayelekile ukuze ukwazi ukuhlela i-mammogram yokuxilonga noma okunye ukuhlolwa ukukuhlola.

Lapho i-mammogram yakho ivamile, udokotela wakho angaxhumana nawe ngaso leso sikhathi. Ezimweni eziningi, udokotela wakho uzokuthumela imiphumela, okusho ukuthi kungathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuthola imiphumela.

Sekukonke, kufanele ube nemiphumela yakho kungakapheli isonto noma amabili wokuba ne-mammogram, kepha lokhu kungahluka.

Ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho noma umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo kuzokunikeza umbono omuhle wokuthi ungayilindela kanjani futhi nini imiphumela yakho.

Kwenzekani uma imiphumela ikhombisa ukungajwayelekile?

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-mammogram engajwayelekile ayisho ukuthi unomdlavuza. Ngokwe-American Cancer Society, bangaphansi kowesifazane oyedwa kwabayishumi abane-mammogram engajwayelekile abanomdlavuza.

Noma kunjalo, i-mammogram engavamile kufanele iphenywe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi akuyona umdlavuza.

Uma kubonakala okungajwayelekile ku-mammogram yakho, uzocelwa ukuthi ubuyele ekuhlolweni okwengeziwe. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze ukwelashwa kuqale ngokushesha uma kudingeka.

Ukulandelela kuzofaka phakathi i-mammogram yokuxilonga ethatha izithombe ezinemininingwane yendawo engajwayelekile. Ezinye izivivinyo zingafaka:

• ukuhlola indawo engavamile nge-ultrasound
• Ukuhlola kabusha indawo engajwayelekile nge-MRI scan ngoba i-X-ray ibingafinyeleleki noma ukucabanga okuqhubekayo kuyadingeka
• ukususa ngokuhlinzwa ucezu oluncane lwethishu ukubheka ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu (i-biopsy yokuhlinzwa)
• ukukhipha ucezu oluncane lwenaliti ngenaliti ukuze uyihlole ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu (i-core-needle biopsy)

Okubalulekile

I-mammogram ukuhlolwa okubalulekile kokuhlolwa komdlavuza webele. Kuyisifundo esilula sokuthatha izithombe esivame ukuthatha cishe imizuzu engama-30. Imvamisa unemiphumela kungakapheli isonto noma amabili.

Isikhathi esiningi, ukungajwayelekile okubonwa ku-mammogram akuwona umdlavuza. Lapho umdlavuza utholakala nge-mammogram, uvame ukuba sesigabeni sokuqala kakhulu, lapho uselapheka kakhulu.