Iyiphi Indlela Engcono Kakhulu Yokugcina Amazambane?

-Delile

• Gcina Amazambane Aluhlaza endaweni epholile
• Qhela Ekukhanyeni
• Musa Ukugcina Amazambane Aluhlaza efrijini noma efrijini
• Faka i-Open Bowl noma i-Paper Bag
• Musa Ukugeza Ngaphambi Kokugcina
• Qhela Kokunye Ukukhiqiza
• Phulukisa Amazambane Asendlini Ngaphambi Kokugcina
• Gcina Izingcezu Ezingahluziwe Emanzini kuze kube Usuku olulodwa
• Gcina Izinsalela Eziphekiwe Esiqandisini Izinsuku Ezintathu Noma Ezine
• Gcina Izinsalela Eziphekiwe kufriji kuze kube unyaka owodwa
• Amathiphu Okukhetha Amazambane Ahamba Phambili
• Okusemqoka
• Indlela Yokuhlanza Amazambane

Amazambane ayisisekelo emasikweni amaningi futhi abelokhu ewajabulela iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 000 ().

Ngaphezu kokunotha nge-potassium, zingumthombo omuhle we-carbs ne-fiber (2).

Lezi zilimo eziyizigaxa ezihlwabusayo zingalungiswa ngezindlela eziningi, kepha zivame ukubhakwa, zibiliswe, zosiwe, zithosiwe noma ziphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni.

Ukugcina ngendlela efanele kunganweba impilo yeshalofu yabo futhi kuvimbele ukungcola okungadingekile.

Le ndatshana ibuyekeza amasu wokugcina amahle kakhulu futhi ifaka namathiphu wokukhetha amazambane amasha sha.

Gcina Amazambane Aluhlaza endaweni epholile

Ukushisa kwesitoreji kunomthelela omkhulu ekutheni amazambane azohlala isikhathi esingakanani.

Uma igcinwe phakathi kuka-43-50 ° F (6-10 ° C), amazambane aluhlaza azogcina izinyanga eziningi ngaphandle kokonakala (3).

Leli banga lokushisa lifudumele kancane kuneziqandisi futhi litholakala kumasela apholile, amagumbi angaphansi, amagaraji noma amashedi.

Ukugcina amazambane kulezi zimo kungasiza ukubambezela ukwakheka kwamahlumela esikhunjeni, okungenye yezimpawu zokuqala zokonakala.

Eqinisweni, olunye ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ukugcina amazambane emazingeni okushisa apholile kuphindwe kane kwempilo yawo eshalofini, uma kuqhathaniswa nokuwagcina ekamelweni lokushisa (3).

Ukugcina emazingeni okushisa aphansi kusiza nokugcina okuqukethwe kwabo uvithamini C.

Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi amazambane agcinwe emazingeni okushisa apholile agcina kuze kufike ku-90% wokuqukethwe kwawo kukavithamini C izinyanga ezine, kanti lawo agcinwe emazingeni okushisa afudumele alahlekelwe cishe ama-20% kavithamini C wawo ngemuva kwenyanga eyodwa (3,).

Ukugcina emazingeni okushisa angaphezulu kwefriji kuyindlela enhle yokwelula impilo yeshalofu nokugcina okuqukethwe kukavithamini C.

Ukugcina amazambane endaweni epholile kusiza ukunciphisa ijubane lawo lokuhluma futhi kugcine nokuqukethwe kwawo kukavithamini C.

Qhela Ekukhanyeni

Ukukhanya kwelanga noma ukukhanya kwe-fluorescent kungadala ukuthi izikhumba zamazambane zikhiqize i-chlorophyll bese ziguqula umbala oluhlaza ongathandeki ().

Ngenkathi i-chlorophyll eguqula isikhumba siluhlaza ingenabungozi, ukushiswa yilanga kungaveza inani elikhulu lamakhemikhali anobuthi okuthiwa i-solanine.

Abantu abaningi balahla amazambane aluhlaza ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu e-solanine (5).

I-Solanine idala ukunambitheka okumunyu futhi ibangela ukuzwa okuvuthayo emilonyeni noma emphinjeni wabantu abayizwelayo ().

ISolanine nayo inobuthi kubantu uma idliwe kakhulu futhi ingadala isicanucanu, ukugabha nohudo. Kubikwe namacala ambalwa okufa ().

Kodwa-ke, amazwe amaningi anemihlahlandlela ephoqelekile ekhawulela inani le-solanine kumazambane wokuhweba abe ngaphansi kuka-91 ​​mg ngophawundi (200 mg / kg), ngakho-ke lokhu akuyona into ejwayelekile ukukhathazeka (,).

I-Solanine icishe itholakale kuphela ekhasini kanye ne-1 / 8th intshi yokuqala (3.2 mm) yenyama. Ukubeka isikhumba nenyama eluhlaza eluhlaza kungasusa iningi laso (5).

Ukugcina amazambane ebumnyameni kuyawavimbela ukuthi aguquke abe luhlaza futhi ahlakulele okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-solanine, okungadala isicanucanu, ukugabha nohudo uma kudliwe kakhulu.

Musa Ukugcina Amazambane Aluhlaza efrijini noma efrijini

Ngenkathi amazinga okushisa apholile elungele ukugcinwa kwamazambane, ifriji nokubanda akuwona.

Amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu angadala “ubumnandi obenziwa amakhaza.” Lokhu kwenzeka lapho esinye isitashi siguqulelwa ekwehliseni ushukela ().

Ukwehlisa ushukela kungakha izinto ezibanga umdlavuza, ezaziwa ngokuthi ama-acrylamide, lapho zithosiwe noma zivezwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu okupheka, ngakho-ke kungcono ukugcina amazinga ephansi (, 12).

Amazambane angaphekiwe nawo akufanele nanini agcinwe efrijini.

Lapho evezwa emazingeni okushisa aqandayo, amanzi angaphakathi kwamazambane ayanweba futhi akhe amakristalu adiliza izakhiwo zodonga lweseli. Lokhu kubenza babe mushy futhi bangasebenziseki lapho behliswa (13).

Amazambane aluhlaza angashintsha futhi abe nsundu lapho evezwa emoyeni efrijini.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-enzyme abangela ukugqama asasebenza kumazambane, ngisho nangaphansi kwamakhaza ashubisa umnkantsha (14).

Kulungile ukuwaqandisa uma esevuthwe ngokuphelele noma ngokwengxenye, njengoba inqubo yokupheka ingasebenzi ama-enzyme anombala futhi ibavimbele ekushayeni umbala (15).

Amazambane aluhlaza akufanele agcinwe esiqandisini, njengoba amazinga okushisa abandayo enyusa inani lokwehlisa ushukela futhi awenze abe nomdlavuza omningi uma othosiwe noma othosiwe. Akufanele futhi iqandiswe, ngoba iyoba yi-mushy futhi ibe nsundu ngemuva kokuncipha.

Faka i-Open Bowl noma i-Paper Bag

Amazambane adinga ukuhamba komoya ukuvimbela ukuqongelela umswakama, okungaholela ekonakaleni.

Indlela engcono yokuvumela ukusakazwa komoya mahhala ukuwagcina endishini noma esikhwameni sephepha.

Ungazigcini esitsheni esivaliwe ngaphandle komoya ongenisa umoya, njengesikhwama sepulasitiki esineziphu noma ingilazi eklayiwe.

Ngaphandle kokusakazwa komoya, umswakama okhishwe kumazambane uzoqoqa ngaphakathi kwesitsha futhi kukhuthaze ukukhula kwesikhunta namagciwane (16).

Ukusiza amazambane akho ahlale isikhathi eside, uwagcine endishini evulekile, esikhwameni sephepha noma kwesinye isitsha esinezimbobo zokungenisa umoya. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukuqongelela umswakama, okuholela ekonakaleni.

Musa Ukugeza Ngaphambi Kokugcina

Njengoba amazambane etshalwa ngaphansi komhlaba, avame ukuba nokungcola ezikhunjeni zawo.

Ngenkathi kungaheha ukukhipha ukungcola ngaphambi kokugcina, kuzohlala isikhathi eside uma uzigcina zomile.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukugeza kunezela umswakama, okhuthaza ukukhula kwefungus kanye namagciwane.

Linda uze ulungele ukuwasebenzisa, bese uwahlanza bese uwahlikihla ngebhulashi lemifino ukususa noma yikuphi ukungcola okusele.

Uma ama-pesticides ekhathaza, ukuhlanza ngeviniga engu-10% noma isisombululo sikasawoti kungasusa insalela engaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kunamanzi kuphela ().

Amazambane azohlala isikhathi eside kakhulu uma ehlala omile ngesikhathi sokugcinwa futhi angagezwa aze alungele ukusetshenziswa. Ukugeza ngesisombululo sikasawoti noma uviniga kungasiza ukususa izinsalela eziningi zezibulala-zinambuzane kunamanzi kuphela.

Qhela Kokunye Ukukhiqiza

Izithelo nemifino eminingi ikhipha igesi ye-ethylene njengoba ivuthwa, esiza ukuthambisa isithelo nokwandisa okuqukethwe ushukela ().

Uma igcinwe eduze, isivuno esivuthiwe singenza amazambane aluhlaza ahlume futhi asheshe asheshe (19).

Ngakho-ke, ungagcini amazambane eduze kwezithelo nemifino yokuvuthwa, ikakhulukazi ubhanana, ama-apula, u-anyanisi notamatisi, njengoba kukhipha inani elikhulu kakhulu le-ethylene ().

Ngenkathi kungekho zifundo ezibheke ukuthi amazambane kufanele agcinwe kude kangakanani ekuvuthweni izithelo noma imifino, ukugcina emaphethelweni ahlukile ephekethi epholile, emnyama, enomoya omuhle kungenzeka isebenze.

Gcina amazambane kude nomkhiqizo ovuthwayo, ikakhulukazi ubhanana, utamatisi no-anyanisi, ngoba igesi ye-ethylene abayikhiphayo ingenza amazambane ahlume ngokushesha okukhulu.

Phulukisa Amazambane Asendlini Ngaphambi Kokugcina

Iningi labantu lithenga amazambane emakethe yangakini, kepha uma uzikhulisela okwakho, "ukuphulukisa" ngaphambi kokugcina kuzokwandisa impilo yabo eshalofini.

Ukwelapha kufaka ukufaka ekugcineni emazingeni okushisa aphakeme ngokulingene, imvamisa kuzungeze ama-65 ° F (18 ° C), namazinga omswakama angama-85-95% amasonto amabili.

Ungasebenzisa ikhabethe elincane elimnyama noma ishawa yokuma engenalutho ngesifudumezi sesikhala nesitsha samanzi, noma i-oveni engenalutho eshiywe ijar kancane, ikhanyiswe ngebhalbhu elingu-40-watt lokushisa nesitsha samanzi somswakama.

Lezi zimo zivumela izikhumba ukuthi zikhule futhi zisize ukwelapha noma yikuphi ukulimala okuncane okungenzeka kwenzeke ngesikhathi sokuvuna, kunciphisa amathuba okubola ngesikhathi sokugcinwa ().

Amazambane aphulukisiwe angagcinwa endaweni epholile, emnyama lapho kungeniswa umoya omncane ukuze kugcinwe isikhathi eside.

Amazambane asanda kukhiwa kufanele "elapheke" emazingeni okushisa afudumele kanye nomswakama ophakeme amasonto ambalwa ukuvumela isikhumba ukuba sijiye futhi kube nezici zokuphola. Lokhu kusiza ukunweba impilo yabo yokugcina.

Gcina Izingcezu Ezingahluziwe Emanzini kuze kube Usuku olulodwa

Uma esehlutshiwe asikiwe, amazambane aluhlaza asheshe aqhume umbala lapho evezwa emoyeni.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi aqukethe i-enzyme ebizwa nge-polyphenol oxidase, ephendula nge-oxygen bese iphendula inyama umbala ompunga noma onsundu.

Ungavimbela ukushintsha kombala ngokumboza izingcezu ezihlutshiwe nezisikiwe ngamasentimitha noma amabili wamanzi bese uzifaka esiqandisini uze ulungele ukuwasebenzisa ().

Amanzi awavikela emoyeni futhi avimbela ukujiya kombala okuyi-enzymatic.

Kodwa-ke, uma ishiywe emanzini isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angama-24, ingamunca amanzi amaningi kakhulu bese iba manzi futhi inganambitheki. Sebenzisa le ndlela kuphela kumazambane azophekwa ngosuku olufanayo.

Ngokugcina isikhathi eside, cabanga ukupakisha nge-vacuum, inqubo lapho wonke umoya ususwa ephaketheni futhi uvalwe ngokuqinile.

Amazambane apakishwe ngomshini angahlala kuze kube isonto elilodwa esiqandisini (21).

Amazambane aluhlaza aba nsundu noma mpunga lapho evezwa emoyeni, ngakho kufanele aphekwe ngokushesha noma agcinwe emanzini aze alungele ukusetshenziswa. Uma uzigcina isikhathi esingaphezu kosuku olulodwa ngemuva kokufaka, susa emanzini, iphakethe lokupaka bese ugcina efrijini.

Gcina Izinsalela Eziphekiwe Esiqandisini Izinsuku Ezintathu Noma Ezine

Amazambane aphekiwe azohlala izinsuku ezimbalwa esiqandisini.

Kodwa-ke, okusalayo kungahle kube namanzi noma i-gummy, ngoba isitashi samazambane sishintsha ukwakheka futhi sikhiphe amanzi njengoba epholile (22).

Ukupheka nokupholisa futhi kwandisa ukwakheka kwesitashi esingazweli, uhlobo lwe-carbohydrate abantu abangakwazi ukugaya futhi bangene kulo.

Lokhu kungaba yinto enhle kulabo abanezinkinga zikashukela egazini, ngoba yehlisa inkomba ye-glycemic cishe ngama-25% futhi ibangele ukuphakama okuncane kakhulu kushukela wegazi ngemuva kokudla (23,).

Isitashi esimelana nakho sikhuthaza impilo yamathumbu, ngoba amathumbu amabhaktheriya ayabilisa futhi akhiqize ama-fatty acids, asiza ukugcina ulwelwesi lwamathumbu akho amakhulu enempilo futhi eqinile (,,).

Ngenkathi amazambane aphekiwe napholile enezinzuzo ezithile zezempilo, kufanele adliwe kungakapheli izinsuku ezintathu noma ezine ukugwema ukonakala kanye nokudla okunobuthi (28).

Amazambane aphekiwe angagcinwa esiqandisini izinsuku ezifika kwezine. Inqubo yokupholisa yandisa ukwakheka kwesitashi esimelana nakho, esinomthelela omncane emazingeni kashukela egazi futhi sikhuthaze ukukhula kwamagciwane anempilo emathunjini.

Gcina Izinsalela Eziphekiwe kufriji kuze kube unyaka owodwa

Uma ungahlelile ukudla amazambane aphekiwe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, kungcono ukuwagcina efrijini.

Izinsalela eziphekiwe zingagcinwa efrijini ngaphandle kokugqanyiswa, ngoba ukupheka kuqeda ama-enzyme abhekele ukushintsha kombala (15).

Njengayo yonke imikhiqizo efriziwe, amazambane asele ayohlala isikhathi eside kakhulu uma evikelwe emoyeni ngenkathi efrijini.

Sebenzisa isikhwama sepulasitiki noma isitsha sokugcina bese ucindezela wonke umoya ophuma kuso ngaphambi kokufaka uphawu.

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yamazambane efriziwe, ephekiwe ingahlala unyaka owodwa ngaphandle koshintsho olukhulu kwikhwalithi (13).

Uma usukulungele ukuzidla, zivumele ziqhekeze esiqandisini ubusuku bonke ngaphambi kokufudumeza nokuphaka. Lokhu kubangela ukuthungwa okungcono kunokuhlehliswa kwe-microwave (29).

Amazambane aphekiwe asele angagcinwa efrijini kuze kube unyaka owodwa. Gcina ezitsheni ezingangenisi umoya ukuze ulondoloze ikhwalithi nokuqhaqhazela ubusuku obubodwa esiqandisini ngaphambi kokusebenzisa.

Amathiphu Okukhetha Amazambane Ahamba Phambili

Amazambane azohlala isikhathi eside kakhulu uma emisha futhi enempilo lapho ethengwa.

Lapho ukhetha, bheka izici ezilandelayo:

• Qhubeka ngokuthinta: Amazambane athambile aseqalile ukwehlisa isithunzi, ngakho-ke funa izimfanelo eziqinile, ezikhanyayo.
• Isikhumba esibushelelezi: Amazambane alinyazwe amazinga okushisa abandayo angaqala isikhumba esinezikhala kanye nsundu, ngakho-ke funa ukwakheka okubushelelezi.
• Mahhala imihuzuko noma ukulimala: Kwesinye isikhathi amazambane angalimala ngesikhathi sokuvuna noma sokuthutha. Gwema labo abanokulimala okubonakalayo, ngoba bazokonakala ngokushesha okukhulu.
• Akukho kuhluma: Amahlumela angenye yezinkomba zokuqala zokonakala, ngakho-ke gwema ukuthenga noma yikuphi osekuvele kuhluma.

Ungase futhi ucabangele ukuzama ezinye izinhlobo zamazambane ezingajwayelekile, njengalezo ezinenyama eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma nsomi.

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi izinhlobo ezinemibala egqamile zinezibalo ezinkulu kakhulu zama-antioxidants kunamazambane ajwayelekile amhlophe ().

Amazambane amasha anempilo ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, ngakho-ke funa lawo abushelelezi aqinile angenasici noma amahlumela. Cabanga ukuzama izinhlobo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma nsomi, njengoba ziqukethe amazinga aphezulu ama-antioxidants.

Okusemqoka

Ukwazi izindlela ezihamba phambili zokugcina amazambane kunganweba impilo yabo eshalofini futhi kunciphise udoti wokudla.

Gcina amazambane angaphekiwe endaweni epholile, emnyama lapho kusakazwa kakhulu umoya - hhayi esiqandisini.

Vimbela izingcezu ezisikiwe nezihlutshiwe ekusoleni ngokuzimboza ngamanzi noma nge-vacuum seal.

Amazambane aphekiwe angagcinwa esiqandisini izinsuku ezifika kwezine, noma esitsheni esingangeni moya efrijini kuze kube unyaka owodwa.

Mayelana namazambane akhule ekhaya, welaphe kafushane emazingeni okushisa afudumele kanye nomswakama ophezulu ngaphambi kokugcinwa kwesikhathi eside.

Akunandaba ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokugcina, amazambane azohlala isikhathi eside uma emisha futhi enempilo lapho ethengwa, ngakho-ke funa izilimo eziyizigaxa eziqinile, ezibushelelezi, ezingenasici ezingenazimpawu zokuhluma.

Indlela Yokuhlanza Amazambane