Isifo Senhliziyo Esiphezulu

-Delile

• Izinhlobo zesifo senhliziyo
• Ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi
• Ukujiya nokukhuliswa kwenhliziyo
• Izinkinga
• Ubani osengozini yesifo senhliziyo esine-hypertensive?
• Ukukhomba izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo
• Ukuhlolwa nokuxilongwa: Kunini lapho uzobona udokotela
• Ukwelapha isifo senhliziyo esine-hypertensive
• Imithi
• Ukuhlinzwa namadivayisi
• Umbono wesikhathi eside
• Ukuvimbela isifo senhliziyo

Siyini isifo senhliziyo esinegazi eliphezulu?

Isifo senhliziyo esine-hypertension sisho izimo zenhliziyo ezibangelwa umfutho wegazi ophezulu.

Inhliziyo esebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi eyandisiwe ibangela ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo okuhlukile. Isifo senhliziyo esinomfutho wegazi ophezulu sihlanganisa ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ukuqina kwemisipha yenhliziyo, isifo semithambo yenhliziyo nezinye izimo.

Isifo senhliziyo esinegazi eliphezulu singadala izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo. Yimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa ngenxa yomfutho wegazi ophezulu.

Izinhlobo zesifo senhliziyo

Ngokuvamile, izinkinga zenhliziyo ezihambisana nomfutho wegazi ophezulu zihlobene nemithambo yenhliziyo nemisipha. Izinhlobo zesifo senhliziyo esine-hypertensive zifaka:

Ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi

Imithambo yegazi ihambisa igazi liye emsipheni wenhliziyo yakho. Lapho umfutho wegazi ophakeme ubangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi ibe mincane, ukugeleza kwegazi kuye enhliziyweni kungancipha noma kume. Lesi simo saziwa njenge-coronary heart disease (CHD), esibizwa nangokuthi isifo semithambo yenhliziyo.

I-CHD yenza kube nzima ngenhliziyo yakho ukuthi isebenze futhi inikeze ezinye izitho zakho ngegazi. Kungakubeka engcupheni yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo egazini eligcina igazi elinamathele komunye wemithambo encishisiwe futhi lisike ukugeleza kwegazi liye enhliziyweni yakho.

Ukujiya nokukhuliswa kwenhliziyo

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme wenza kube nzima enhliziyweni yakho ukupompa igazi. Njengeminye imisipha emzimbeni wakho, ukusebenza kanzima njalo kubangela ukuba imisipha yenhliziyo yakho ikhuluphale futhi ikhule. Lokhu kuguqula indlela inhliziyo esebenza ngayo. Lezi zinguquko zivame ukwenzeka egumbini elikhulu lokumpompa lenhliziyo, i-ventricle engakwesobunxele. Lesi simo saziwa njenge-ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).

I-CHD ingadala i-LVH futhi okuphambene nalokho. Uma une-CHD, inhliziyo yakho kufanele isebenze kanzima. Uma i-LVH ikhulisa inhliziyo yakho, ingacindezela imithambo yegazi.

Izinkinga

Kokubili i-CHD ne-LVH kungaholela ku:

• ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo: inhliziyo yakho ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni wakho wonke
• i-arrhythmia: inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokungavamile
• Ischemic heart disease: inhliziyo yakho ayitholi i-oxygen eyanele
• isifo senhliziyo: ukugeleza kwegazi kuya enhliziyweni kuyaphazamiseka futhi imisipha yenhliziyo iyafa ngokuswela umoya-mpilo
• ukuboshwa okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo: inhliziyo yakho iyeka ukusebenza ngokungazelelwe, uyeka ukuphefumula, futhi ulahlekelwe ukwazi
• unhlangothi nokufa okungazelelwe

Ubani osengozini yesifo senhliziyo esine-hypertensive?

Isifo senhliziyo siyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa kwabesilisa nabesifazane e-United States. Abantu baseMelika ngaphezulu babulawa yisifo senhliziyo minyaka yonke.

Isici esiyinhloko sengozi yesifo senhliziyo esine-hypertensive umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ingozi yakho iyanda uma:

• ukhuluphele ngokweqile
• awujimi ngokwanele
• uyabhema
• udla ukudla okunamafutha amaningi ne-cholesterol

Usondele kakhulu esifo senhliziyo uma sigijima emndenini wakho. Abesilisa banamathuba amaningi okuthola isifo senhliziyo kunabesifazane abangazange badlule esikhathini. Abesilisa nabesifazane abangemva kokuya esikhathini basengozini efanayo. Ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo izokwanda njengoba ukhula, kungakhathalekile ukuthi ucansi lwakho lunjani.

Ukukhomba izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo

Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngobukhulu besimo nokukhula kwalesi sifo. Ungase ungabi nazimpawu, noma izimpawu zakho zingafaka:

• ubuhlungu besifuba (angina)
• ukuqina noma ingcindezi esifubeni
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ukukhathala
• ubuhlungu entanyeni, emuva, ezingalweni, noma emahlombe
• ukukhwehlela okuphikelelayo
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• ukuvuvukala komlenze noma iqakala

Udinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo uma inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokungazelelwe ngokushesha noma ngokungafanele. Funa ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo ngokushesha noma ushayele u-911 uma uquleka noma unezinhlungu ezinzima esifubeni sakho.

Ukuhlolwa njalo komzimba kuzokhombisa ukuthi ngabe uphethwe ngumfutho wegazi ophakeme. Uma unengcindezi ephezulu yegazi, zinakekele ngokweqile ukubheka izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo.

Ukuhlolwa nokuxilongwa: Kunini lapho uzobona udokotela

Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha, enze ukuhlolwa komzimba, futhi enze izivivinyo zebhu ukuhlola izinso zakho, i-sodium, i-potassium, nokubalwa kwegazi.

Isivivinyo esisodwa noma eziningi ezilandelayo zingasetshenziswa ukusiza ukuthola imbangela yezimpawu zakho:

• Abaqaphi be-Electrocardiogram futhi baqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho. Udokotela wakho uzonamathisela ama-patches esifubeni sakho, emilenzeni nasezingalweni. Imiphumela izobonakala esikrinini, futhi udokotela wakho uzoyichaza.
• I-Echocardiogram ithatha isithombe esiningiliziwe senhliziyo yakho isebenzisa i-ultrasound.
• I-Coronary angiography ihlola ukuhamba kwegazi ngemithambo yakho yegazi. Ishubhu elincanyana elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter lifakwa emgodleni wakho noma emthanjeni engalweni yakho liye phezulu enhliziyweni.
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kubheka ukuthi ukuzivocavoca kuyithinta kanjani inhliziyo yakho. Ungacelwa ukuthi uhambise ibhayisikili lokuzivocavoca noma uhambe endaweni yokunyathela.
• Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi yenukliya kuhlola ukugeleza kwegazi lingene enhliziyweni. Ukuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngenkathi uphumule futhi uzivocavoca umzimba.

Ukwelapha isifo senhliziyo esine-hypertensive

Ukwelashwa kwesifo senhliziyo esinegazi eliphezulu kuncike ebucayi bokugula kwakho, iminyaka yakho, nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.

Imithi

Imithi isiza inhliziyo yakho ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Izinhloso eziyinhloko ukuvimbela igazi lakho ekunqandeni, ukwenza ngcono ukugeleza kwegazi lakho, nokunciphisa i-cholesterol yakho.

Izibonelo zemithi ejwayelekile yesifo senhliziyo zifaka:

• amaphilisi amanzi okusiza ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi
• ama-nitrate okwelapha ubuhlungu besifuba
• izimila zokwelapha i-cholesterol ephezulu
• ama-calcium channel blockers kanye ne-ACE inhibitors ukusiza ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi
• i-aspirin ukuvimbela amahlule egazi

Kubalulekile ukuthi njalo uphuze yonke imithi njengoba kunqunyiwe.

Ukuhlinzwa namadivayisi

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ungadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze wandise ukugeleza kwegazi kuye enhliziyweni yakho. Uma udinga usizo lokulawula isilinganiso senhliziyo yakho noma isigqi, udokotela wakho angafaka ngokuhlinza umshini osebenza ngebhethri obizwa ngokuthi i-pacemaker esifubeni sakho. I-pacemaker ikhiqiza ukugqugquzela kagesi okwenza ukuthi imisipha yenhliziyo ingene. Ukufakwa kwe-pacemaker kubalulekile futhi kuyazuzisa lapho umsebenzi kagesi wemisipha yenhliziyo uhamba kancane noma ungekho.

Ama-Cardioverter-defibrillators (ama-ICD) amadivayisi angafakwa angasetshenziswa ukwelapha i-arrhythmias yenhliziyo ebucayi, esongela impilo.

Umthambo weCoronary udlula ukuhlinzwa kwe-graft (CABG) uphatha imithambo ye-coronary evinjiwe. Lokhu kwenziwa kuphela nge-CHD enzima. Ukufakelwa kwenhliziyo noma amanye amadivayisi okusiza inhliziyo kungadingeka uma isimo sakho sinzima kakhulu.

Umbono wesikhathi eside

Ukwelulama ezifweni zenhliziyo ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme kuncike esimweni ngqo nasekuqineni kwaso. Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zingasiza ukugcina isimo singabi sibi kakhulu kwezinye izimo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, imithi nokuhlinzwa kungenzeka kungasebenzi ekulawuleni lesi sifo.

Ukuvimbela isifo senhliziyo

Ukuqapha nokuvimbela ukucindezelwa kwegazi lakho ukuthi likhuphuke kakhulu kungenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuvimbela isifo senhliziyo esine-hypertensive. Ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi kanye ne-cholesterol yakho ngokudla ukudla okunempilo nokuqapha amazinga okuxineka kungenzeka kube yizindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvimbela izinkinga zenhliziyo.

Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo, ukulala ngokwanele, nokuzivocavoca umzimba njalo kuyizincomo ezivamile zendlela yokuphila. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokuthuthukisa impilo yakho yonke.