Idiopathic Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia

-Delile

• Ngubani osengozini?
• Izimpawu ze-AIHA ye-idiopathic
• Ukuhlonza i-idiopathic AIHA
• Izinketho zokwelashwa kwe-IAIHA
• Ukuphuza ama-steroid
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Izidakamizwa ezicindezela amasosha omzimba
• Umbono wesikhathi eside

Kuyini i-idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia?

I-Idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia uhlobo lwe-autoimmune hemolytic anemia. I-autoimmune hemolytic anemia (i-AIHA) iyiqembu lezinkinga zegazi ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima. Zenzeka lapho umzimba ubhubhisa amangqamuzana abomvu egazi ngokushesha okukhulu kunokuba uwakhiqiza. Isimo sithathwa njenge-idiopathic lapho imbangela yaso ingaziwa.

Izifo ezizimele zihlasela umzimba uqobo. Amasosha akho omzimba akhiqiza amasosha omzimba ukusiza ukukhomba abahlaseli bakwamanye amazwe njengamagciwane namagciwane. Endabeni yokuphazamiseka kokuzimela komzimba, ngephutha umzimba wakho ukhiqiza amasosha omzimba ahlasela umzimba uqobo. E-AIHA, umzimba wakho uba nama-antibody abhubhisa amangqamuzana abomvu egazi.

I-Idiopathic AIHA ingasongela impilo ngenxa yokuqala kwayo okungazelelwe. Kudinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha nokwelashwa esibhedlela.

Ngubani osengozini?

Cishe kuwo wonke amacala e-AIHA angama-idiopathic. I-AIHA ingenzeka noma kunini empilweni futhi ingaqala ngokuzuma noma kancane kancane. Ngokuvamile kuthinta abesifazane.

Uma i-AIHA ingeyona idiopathic, kungenxa yokuthi ibangelwa yisifo esiyisisekelo noma umuthi. Kodwa-ke, i-idiopathic AIHA ayinazimbangela ezisobala. Abantu abane-AIHA ye-idiopathic bangaba nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi engajwayelekile kuphela futhi bangabi nazimpawu.

Izimpawu ze-AIHA ye-idiopathic

Ungazizwa ubuthakathaka futhi uphefumula kanzima uma uba ne-AIHA ye-idiopathic engazelelwe. Kwezinye izimo, lesi sifo asihlali isikhathi eside futhi sikhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke izimpawu azicaci kangako. Kuzona zozimbili lezi zimo, izimpawu zingafaka okukodwa noma okuningi kokulandelayo:

• ukwanda kobuthakathaka
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• isikhumba esiphaphathekile noma esiphuzi
• ubuhlungu bemisipha
• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• umchamo onombala omnyama
• ikhanda elibuhlungu
• ukungakhululeki esiswini
• ukuqunjelwa
• isifo sohudo

Ukuhlonza i-idiopathic AIHA

Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe kakhulu mayelana nezimpawu zakho ezithile uma besola ukuthi une-AIHA. Bazodinga ukukuxilonga nge-AIHA futhi bakhiphe imishanguzo noma okunye ukuphazamiseka okuyimbangela njengezimbangela ezingaba khona ze-AIHA ngaphambi kokukuxilonga ngohlobo lwe-idiopathic.

Okokuqala, udokotela wakho uzokubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Kungenzeka ukuthi bazokungenisa esibhedlela ukuze uhlolwe ngokushesha futhi ubhekwe uma izimpawu zakho zingathi sína. Izibonelo zezinkinga ezibucayi zifaka phakathi isikhumba esikhanyayo noma umchamo noma i-anemia enamandla. Bangakudlulisela kuchwepheshe wegazi, noma ku-hematologist.

Uzodinga ukuba nochungechunge olubanzi lokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze uqinisekise i-AIHA. Ezinye zezivivinyo zizolinganisa ukubalwa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu omzimba. Uma une-AIHA, inombolo yakho yokubalwa kwamaseli abomvu izoba phansi. Ezinye izivivinyo zizobheka izinto ezithile egazini. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuveza isilinganiso esingalungile sokungavuthwa kumaseli abomvu avuthiwe kungakhombisa i-AIHA. Inani eliphezulu lamaseli abomvu angavuthiwe akhombisa ukuthi umzimba uzama ukunxephezela amangqamuzana abomvu avuthiwe abhujiswa ngokushesha okukhulu.

Okunye okutholakele ekuhlolweni kwegazi kufaka izinga eliphakeme kunokujwayelekile le-bilirubin kanye nokwehla kwezinga leprotheyini elibizwa nge-haptoglobin. I-Bilirubin ingumkhiqizo wemvelo wokuwohloka kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu. Lawa mazinga aphakama lapho kubhujiswa inani elikhulu lamaseli abomvu egazi. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-haptoglobin kungasiza kakhulu ekutholeni i-AIHA. Ngokuhlangana nokunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kuveza ukuthi amaprotheni ayabhujiswa kanye namaseli abomvu avuthiwe egazi.

Kwezinye izimo, imiphumela ejwayelekile yelebhu yalezi zivivinyo zegazi kungenzeka inganeli ukuthola i-AIHA, ngakho-ke udokotela wakho angadinga ukwenza izivivinyo eziningi. Olunye uvivinyo, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa okuqondile nokungaqondile kweCoombs, kungathola amasosha omzimba akhuphukile egazini. Ukuhlolwa komchamo kanye nokuqoqwa komchamo wamahora angama-24 kungaveza okungajwayelekile emchameni, njengamazinga aphezulu wamaprotheni.

Izinketho zokwelashwa kwe-IAIHA

Abantu abasolwa ngokuqala ngokungazelelwe i-idiopathic AIHA ngokuvamile bazolaliswa esibhedlela ngokushesha ngenxa yesimo sayo esibi. Izimo ezingamahlalakhona zivame ukufika zize zidlule ngaphandle kwencazelo. Kungenzeka isimo sithuthuke ngaphandle kokwelashwa.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha amazinga eglucose yegazi lakho eduze uma unesifo sikashukela. Isifo sikashukela siyimbangela enkulu yokufa kwabantu ekuthelelekeni ngenxa yokwelashwa.

Ukuphuza ama-steroid

Ukwelashwa kolayini wokuqala ngokujwayelekile ama-steroids afana ne-prednisone. Bangasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukubalwa kwamaseli abomvu egazi. Udokotela wakho uzokuqapha ngokucophelela ukuze ahlole ukuthi ama-steroids ayasebenza yini. Uma isimo sakho singena ekuxolelweni, udokotela wakho uzozama ukukukhipha kancane kancane kuma-steroids. Abantu abane-AIHA abathola ukwelashwa kwe-steroid bangadinga izengezo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Lokhu kungafaka:

• ama-bisphosphonates
• uvithamini D
• i-calcium
• i-folic acid

Ukuhlinzwa

Udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kobende uma ama-steroids engasebenzi ngokuphelele. Ukususwa kobende kungaguqula ukubhujiswa kwamaseli abomvu egazi. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwaziwa njenge-splenectomy. labantu abathola i-splenectomy banokuxolelwa okuyingxenye noma okuphelele ku-AIHA yabo, futhi abantu abanohlobo lwe-idiopathic bavame ukuba nemiphumela ephumelela kakhulu.

Izidakamizwa ezicindezela amasosha omzimba

Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa yimithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba, njenge-azathioprine ne-cyclophosphamide. Lokhu kungaba yimithi esebenzayo yabantu abangaphenduli ngempumelelo ekwelashweni nge-steroids noma abangabhekelwa ukuhlinzwa.

Kwezinye izimo, umuthi i-rituximab ungakhethwa ngaphezu kwezidakamizwa zendabuko zokucindezela izivikeli mzimba. I-Rituximab yi-antibody ehlasela ngqo amaprotheni athile atholakala kumaseli athile omzimba.

Umbono wesikhathi eside

Kungaba nzima ukuthola ukuxilongwa okusheshayo kwalesi simo ezimweni lapho imbangela yako ingaziwa. Ukwelashwa kwesinye isikhathi kubambezelekile kulezi zimo. I-Idiopathic AIHA ingaba yingozi uma ishiywa ingalashwa.

I-Idiopathic AIHA ezinganeni uqobo ihlala okwesikhashana. Lesi simo sihlala singamahlalakhona kubantu abadala, futhi singakhukhumala noma sizibuyisele emuva ngaphandle kwencazelo. I-AIHA iyelapheka kakhulu kubantu abadala nasezinganeni. Iningi labantu lilulama ngokugcwele.