Kuyini Ukulingisa Inkalankala futhi Kufanele Uyidle?

-Delile

• Kuyini Ukulingisa Inkalankala?
• Kunomsoco Ngaphansi Kwe-Crab Yangempela
• Yenziwe Ngezithako Eziningi
• Iqukethe Umbala, Izigcawu Zokuzivikela nezinye Izithasiselo
• Ama-Upides angaba khona
• Amaphasi Angahle Abe khona
• Umthelela Wezemvelo
• Ukwenza i-Mislabeling, ukuphepha kokudla kanye ne-allergies yokudla
• Ilula Ukuyisebenzisa
• Isitayela se-Flake noma ama-chunks:
• Izinti:
• Okushisiwe:
• Okusemqoka

Kungenzeka ukuthi, udle inkalankala yokulingisa - noma ngabe ubungazi.

Lokhu kuma kwenkalankala sekudumile emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule futhi kutholakala kakhulu kusaladi lokudla kwasolwandle, amakhekhe enkalankala, imiqulu yase-California sushi kanye nama-rangoons enkalankala.

Ngamafuphi, inkalakatha yokulingisa icutshungulwa inyama yenhlanzi - empeleni, kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi "inja eshisayo yolwandle." Kodwa-ke, usengazibuza ukuthi yenziwa ngani nokuthi iphilile yini.

Lo mbhalo uchaza konke odinga ukukwazi ngenkinga yokulingisa.

Kuyini Ukulingisa Inkalankala?

Inkalakatha yokulingisa yenziwa nge-surimi - inyama yenhlanzi ekhishwe ngethoni, yawashwa ukuze isuse amanoni nezicucu ezingafuneki, bese igaywa yaba unama. Lokhu kunamathisela kuhlanganiswe nezinye izithako ngaphambi kokufudunyezwa bese kucindezelwa kumumo olingisa inyama yenkalankala (1, 2, 3,).

Ngenkathi i-crab mbumbulu yenziwa ngokudla kwasolwandle, imvamisa ayinayo inkalankala - ngaphandle kwenani elincane lesikhumba senkalankala kwesinye isikhathi elengezelelwa ukunambitheka.

I-Pollock, enombala omncane nephunga, ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza i-surimi. Le nhlanzi isetshenziselwa nokwenza izinduku zezinhlanzi neminye imikhiqizo yezinhlanzi ezinesinkwa (1).

Amaphakheji wemikhiqizo efana nenkalankala angabizwa ngokuthi “inkalakatha yokulingisa,” “ukudla kwasolwandle okunephephelo” noma “izinhlanzi zasolwandle ze-surimi” kodwa kufanele alandele imithetho yokulebula kahulumeni. EJapane, izinhlanzi zasolwandle ezenziwa nge-surimi zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-kamaboko (5).

Kumamenyu okudlela, inkalankala yokulingisa ingase ibhalwe ukuthi "krab" ukukhombisa ukuthi inkohliso.

Inkalakatha yokulingisa yenziwa nge-surimi, eyinyama yenhlanzi egayiwe - imvamisa i-pollock - eyenziwe ngethambo futhi yagezwa, yahlanganiswa nezinye izithako, yashiswa futhi yenziwa ukusikeka okufana nenkalankala.

Kunomsoco Ngaphansi Kwe-Crab Yangempela

Inkalankala yangempela iphakeme kakhulu ezakhamzimba eziningi uma kuqhathaniswa nenkalankala yokulingisa.

Nakhu ukuthi ama-ounces ama-3 (ama-gramu angama-85) wokulingisa nenkalankala yenkosi yase-Alaska (6, 7):

Yize bobabili benenani elifanayo lama-calories, ama-61% we-crab calories aqhamuka kuma-carbs, kanti ama-85% we-Alaska king crab calories aqhamuka kuma-protein - angenawo avela kuma-carbs (6, 7).

Uma uzama ukwandisa ukudla kwakho kwamaprotheni futhi unciphise ukudla kwakho kwe-carb - ngokwesibonelo, uma usezingeni eliphansi le-carb noma i-ketogenic - inkalankala yangempela izolingana kangcono imigomo yakho.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nenkalankala yokulingisa, inkalankala yangempela futhi iphakeme kakhulu kumavithamini namaminerali amaningana - kufaka phakathi uvithamini B12, i-zinc ne-selenium. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ezinye izakhi zomzimba zigezwa lapho kucutshungulwa i-surimi (5,).

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inkalankala yangempela ivame ukuba ngaphezulu nge-sodium kunenkalankala yokulingisa, yize bobabili benza umnikelo omkhulu kumkhawulo wansuku zonke ka-2,300 mg. Usawoti uvame ukungezwa kukho kokubili inkalankala yangempela neyokulingisa, yize inani lihluka ngohlobo ().

Okokugcina, inkalankala yangempela ngokuvamile iphakeme kuma-omega-3 fatty acids kunenkalankala yokulingisa. Yize uwoyela o-omega-3 ocebile ungangezwa enkalankala yokulingisa, lokhu akuvamile (,).

Ngaphandle kokubalwa okufanayo kwekhalori, inkalankala yokulingisa iphezulu kuma-carbs futhi iphansi ngamaprotheni, amafutha omega-3 kanye namavithamini namaminerali amaningana kunenkalankala yangempela.

Yenziwe Ngezithako Eziningi

Isithako esiyinhloko senkalankala yokulingisa yi-surimi, ngokuvamile equkethe ama-35-50% womkhiqizo ngesisindo ().

Ezinye izithako ezinkulu enkalankala yokulingisa (2, 5,, 14):

• Amanzi: Ngokuvamile isithako sesibili esinenqwaba yenkani yokulingisa, amanzi ayadingeka ukuthola ukuthungwa okulungile nokulawula izindleko zomkhiqizo.
• Isitashi: Amazambane, ukolweni, ummbila noma isitashi se-tapioca kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuqinisa i-surimi nokuyenza ibe mahhala. Kodwa-ke, uma kusetshenziswa isitashi esiningi ukwehlisa izindleko, umkhiqizo unganamathela uthambe.
• Amaprotheni: Amaprotheni amhlophe okweqanda avame kakhulu, kepha amanye amaprotheni, afana nesoya, angasetshenziswa. Lokhu kuthuthukisa okuqukethwe kwamaprotheni enkalankala yokulingisa futhi kuthuthukise ukuthungwa kwawo, umbala nokukhanya kwawo.
• Ushukela ne-sorbitol: Lokhu kusiza umkhiqizo ukubambelela ekuqandeni nasekuncibilikiseni. Ziphinde zifake ubumnandi obuncane.
• Uwoyela wemifino: Ubhekilanga, ubhontshisi wesoya noma amanye amafutha emifino kwesinye isikhathi asetshenziselwa ukwenza ngcono ukuthungwa, umbala omhlophe nempilo yeshalofu.
• Usawoti (i-sodium chloride): Ngaphandle kokwengeza ukunambitheka, usawoti usiza inhlanzi egayiwe yakha ijeli eliqinile. IPotassium chloride, eyenza imisebenzi efanayo, ingafakwa kolunye usawoti.

Ngemuva kokuhlanganisa lezi zithako nezithako zokuvikela nezinye izithasiselo, ingxube yenkalankala iyaphekwa bese icindezelwa kumumo owufunayo, kanye nomshini ovaliwe futhi unamathiselwe ukubulala amagciwane angaba yingozi (5).

Isithako esiyinhloko senkalankala yokulingisa yi-surimi, evame ukuxutshwa namanzi, isitashi, ushukela, amaqanda abamhlophe, uwoyela wemifino, usawoti kanye nezithasiselo.

Iqukethe Umbala, Izigcawu Zokuzivikela nezinye Izithasiselo

Izithasiselo eziningana - kufaka phakathi ezinye ongakhetha ukuzigwema - ngokuvamile zengezwa enkalweni yokulingisa ukufeza umbala owuthandayo, ukunambitheka nokuzinza.

Izithasiselo ezivamile enkalweni yokulingisa zifaka (1, 5,):

• Izinsini: Lokhu kusiza izithako zinamathele ndawonye futhi ziqinise umkhiqizo. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-carrageenan ne-xanthan gum.
• Imibala ebomvu: ICarmine - ekhishwa ezimbungwini ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-cochineals - isetshenziswa kabanzi ukufaka umbala obomvu we-mbumbulu. I-Paprika, i-beet juice ekhishwe kanye ne-lycopene kusuka kumatamatisi nakho kungasetshenziswa.
• Ama-glutamates: I-Monosodium glutamate (MSG) kanye nenhlanganisela efanayo, i-disodium inosinate, ingasebenza njengezithuthukisi zokunambitheka.
• Okunye ukunambitheka: Lokhu kungafaka ukukhishwa kwenkalankala yangempela, ukunambitheka kwenkalankala yokufakelwa kanye nesimon (iwayini lelayisi elibilile).
• Izinto zokuvikela: I-sodium benzoate nezithasiselo eziningana ezenzelwe i-phosphate zisetshenziswa njalo ukwenza ngcono impilo yeshalofu.

Yize kuvame ukubonwa njengokuphephile yi-FDA, ezinye zalezi zithasiselo zihlotshaniswa nokukhathazeka kwezempilo futhi zingadinga ukuqhubeka nokufundwa (15).

Isibonelo, i-MSG ingadala ikhanda kwabanye abantu, kuyilapho i-carrageenan ixhunyaniswe nokulimala kwamathumbu nokuvuvukala ezifundweni zezilwane kanye ne-test-tube (,,).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi izithasiselo ze-phosphate zingaholela ekulimaleni kwezinso nokwanda kwengozi yesifo senhliziyo - ngokwengxenye ngoba ukudla okuphezulu kwe-phosphate kusuka kuzithasiselo kungalimaza imithambo yegazi. Abantu abanesifo sezinso basengozini enkulu (,).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye abantu bangakuthola kungathandeki ukuthi i-carmine evame ukusetshenziselwa ukufaka imibala enkalankala ikhishwa ezinambuzaneni.

Izithasiselo eziningana zisetshenziselwa inkalankala yokulingisa ukufeza umbala owuthandayo, ukunambitheka nokuzinza. Ezinye zalezi zixhunyaniswa nokukhathazeka okungaba khona kwezempilo.

Ama-Upides angaba khona

Kunezizathu eziningi ukulingisa inkalankala kuyathandwa. Enye intengo yayo engabizi, cishe engange-1/3 yezindleko zikankala wangempela (1).

I-mbumbulu yokulingisa nayo ilula, njengoba ingangezwa ezitsheni ngaphandle kokulungiswa okwengeziwe. Ngokwengeziwe, ezinye izinduku ze-crab mbumbulu zifakwa ezingxenyeni zokubamba ukudla, nokudla okune-sauce.

Uma ukhathazekile ngazo zonke izithasiselo kunkala yokulingisa, kunezinhlobo ezinempilo - njengoba nje kukhona nezinguqulo ezinempilo zezinja ezishisayo.

Isibonelo, eminye imikhiqizo ifaka izithako zemvelo eziningi, njengesitashi sepea, ushukela womoba, usawoti wasolwandle, i-oat fiber kanye nokunambitheka kwemvelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminye imikhiqizo ayinayo i-gluten futhi yenziwa ngaphandle kwezithako zofuzo (GMO). Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkalankala ethile ehlekisayo ingaqinisekiswa ukuze ikhombise ukuthi izinhlanzi zasolwandle zazitholwa ngendlela efanele.

Kodwa-ke, le mikhiqizo yemvelo ibiza cishe ama-30% engeziwe futhi ayitholakali kabanzi.

Inkalankala yokulingisa iyabiza futhi ilula. Imikhiqizo embalwa iqukethe izithako zemvelo eziningi, kepha uzokhokha okungeziwe ngazo.

Amaphasi Angahle Abe khona

Ngaphandle kokuthi i-mbumbulu yokulingisa inguhlobo lwenkalankala yangempela esetshenzisiwe, enezithasiselo futhi engenamsoco kangako, ibuye ibe nezinkinga zemvelo, okungezona neze-allergenic.

Umthelela Wezemvelo

Amanye ama-pollock asetshenziselwa ukwenza i-surimi adliwe ngokweqile - izilwane ezisengozini efana nezingonyama zasolwandle zaseSteller ezidla i-pollock - noma zibanjwa ngezindlela ezilimaza izindawo zokuhlala kwezinye izimpilo zasolwandle.

Lokho kusho ukuthi, abakhiqizi be-surimi basebenzisa ezinye izinhlobo zokudla kwasolwandle ezinenyama emhlophe, njenge-cod, i-Pacific whiting ne-squid (1,).

Kungenzeka futhi ukusebenzisa inyama engeyona eyenhlanzi, njengenkukhu enamabhoni, inyama yenkomo noma ingulube ukwenza i-surimi - yize lokhu kungavamile (1, 14,).

Enye inkinga yezemvelo ukuthi inyama yenhlanzi egayiwe esetshenziselwa ukwenza i-surimi igezwa kaningana ukwenza ngcono umbala, ukuthungwa nephunga. Lokhu kusebenzisa amanzi amaningi futhi kukhiqiza amanzi angcolile, okumele alashwe ukuze angangcolisi izilwandle futhi angalimazi izinhlanzi (1).

Ukwenza i-Mislabeling, ukuphepha kokudla kanye ne-allergies yokudla

Eminye imikhiqizo yokulingisa inkalankala ayizibhalisi ngokunembile izithako zokudla kwasolwandle, okwandisa ukuphepha kokudla kanye nezingozi zokungezwani komzimba.

Akunakwenzeka ukwazi izithako zangempela ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okukhethekile.

Lapho kuvivinywa imikhiqizo esekwe nge-surimi engu-16 eSpain nase-Italy, ama-25% abala izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezihlukile kulezo ezikhonjwe ngokuhlaziywa kwe-DNA.

Iningi lemikhiqizo ebhalwe ngokungeyikho lithunyelwe livela emazweni ase-Asia. Amanye amalebula ahlulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-surimi yenziwe ngenhlanzi - i-allergen yokudla ephezulu. Ukulebula ukungezwani komzimba nokudla kuyadingeka emazweni e-EU nase-US, kufaka phakathi ukudla okungenisiwe (,).

Amalebula womkhiqizo anganembile futhi anele akhulisa ubungozi bakho bokungazwani nezinto ezithile ezingadalulwanga kahle.

Ukwenza imithetho kubuye kufihle izinhlanzi ezingaba nobuthi. Eqinisweni, imikhiqizo emibili ebhalwe ngokungeyikho e-Asia surimi yayiqukethe uhlobo lwezinhlanzi ezixhunyaniswe nobuthi be-ciguatera, okuyisifo sasolwandle esibikwa kakhulu kunazozonke esivela olwandle (,).

Uma une-aleji yokudla, kungakuhle ukugwema inkalankala yokulingisa engafakwanga ilebula - njengakuma-appetizers ephathini - njengoba ingase ibe nama-allergen avamile afaka izinhlanzi, ukukhishwa kwenkalankala, amaqanda nokolweni ().

I-Pollock esetshenziswa ku-surimi kwesinye isikhathi ivunwa ngezindlela ezingalimaza enye impilo yasolwandle, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwenkalankala mbumbulu isebenzisa amanzi amaningi ngokweqile. Ukudla kwasolwandle okusetshenziselwa inkalankala yokulingisa kwesinye isikhathi kubhalwa kabi, okungakhuphula ukuphepha kokudla kanye nezingozi zokungezwani komzimba.

Ilula Ukuyisebenzisa

Ungathola inkalankala yokulingisa engxenyeni yezitolo efrijini noma efriziwe. Bathengisa izinhlobo eziningana, kufaka phakathi isitayela se-flake, iziqu, izinti kanye nama-shreds.

Njengoba inkalakatha yokulingisa iphekiwe, ungayisebenzisa iqonde kusuka ephaketheni lezitsha ezibandayo, njengokufaka idiphu nesaladi, noma ukuyifaka ezitsheni ozishisayo.

Nazi izindlela eziningi zokusebenzisa inkalankala yokulingisa, ehlukaniswe ngohlobo:

Isitayela se-Flake noma ama-chunks:

• Idiphu
• Iyasakazeka
• Isaladi yenkalankala ebandayo
• Amakhekhe enkalankala
• AmaSautees
• Hlanganisa amafry
• Izitsha zepasta
• I-Casseroles
• Ama-Quiches
• Ama-Chowders
• Ama-Quesadillas
• Ukupheka i-pizza

Izinti:

• Ama-Appetizers ane-cocktail sauce
• Imiqulu ye-sushi yaseCalifornia
• Isandwich isonga

Okushisiwe:

• Ukuqothula isaladi eluhlaza okotshani
• Amakhekhe enkalankala
• Ulethisi uyasongwa
• Inyama ye-Enchilada
• Ama-tacos enhlanzi

Ukupheka kokulingisa izitsha ze-crab kungatholakala kumawebhusayithi wabakhiqizi.

Inkalankala yokulingisa ihlukahluka kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma unikezwa umsoco nokucatshangelwa kwezempilo, kungcono ukuyisebenzisela imicimbi ekhethekile kunezindlela zokupheka ezijwayelekile.

Ngenxa yokuthi iphekiwe futhi itholakala ngokusikeka okuhlukahlukene okuhlukahlukene, inkalankala yokulingisa kulula ukuyisebenzisa kuma-appetizers, amasaladi nezitsha eziphambili.

Okusemqoka

I-mbumbulu yokulingisa iwukudla okwenziwe kakhulu ngokuhlanganisa inhlanzi egayiwe kanye nesitashi, amaqanda abamhlophe, ushukela, usawoti kanye nezithasiselo ukulingisa ukunambitheka, umbala nokuthungwa kwenyama yenkalankala yangempela.

Yize kubiza kakhulu kunenkalankala yangempela, futhi akunamsoco kangako futhi kufakwe izithasiselo ezingabazisayo.

Uma wenza isidlo somcimbi okhethekile futhi ungenaso isabelomali senkalankala yangempela, inkalankala yokulingisa iyindlela enhle elula elula ukuyisebenzisa.

Kodwa-ke, ekudleni kwansuku zonke, khetha amaprotheni athengekayo, acutshungulwe kancane futhi anomsoco, njenge-cod, inkukhu nenyama yenkomo engenamafutha.