Uhlelo Lokugoma Izinsana Nezinsana
-Delile
- Ukubaluleka kwemithi yokugoma izingane nezinsana
- Isikhathi sokugoma
- Izidingo zomuthi wokugoma
- Izincazelo zomuthi wokugoma
- Ingabe imijovo yokugoma iyingozi?
- Ukudla okudlela endlini
Njengomzali, ufuna ukwenza konke okusemandleni akho ukuvikela ingane yakho futhi uyigcine iphephile futhi iphilile. Imigomo iyindlela ebalulekile yokwenza lokho. Zisiza ukuvikela ingane yakho kuhlu lwezifo eziyingozi nezivikelwe.
E-United States, u-Yehova usigcina sinolwazi mayelana nokuthi yimiphi imigomo yokugoma okufanele inikezwe abantu bayo yonke iminyaka.
Bancoma ukuthi kunikezwe imigomo eminingana ebuntwaneni nasebuntwaneni. Funda ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nemihlahlandlela yokugoma ye-CDC yezingane ezincane.
Ukubaluleka kwemithi yokugoma izingane nezinsana
Ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, ubisi lwebele lungasiza ekuvikeleni ezifweni eziningi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuvikeleka komzimba kuyaphela ngemuva kokuphela kokuncelisa, futhi ezinye izingane azinceliswa nhlobo.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izingane zinceliswa ibele noma cha, imithi yokugoma ingasiza ekuzivikeleni ezifweni. Imithi yokugoma futhi ingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukusakazeka kwezifo kubo bonke abanye abantu ngokuzivikela komhlambi.
Imigomo isebenza ngokulingisa ukutheleleka kwesifo esithile (kodwa hhayi izimpawu zaso) emzimbeni wengane yakho. Lokhu kushukumisela amasosha omzimba wengane yakho ukuba akhe izikhali ezibizwa ngama-antibodies.
La ma-antibodies alwa nesifo umgomo okuhloswe ukusivikela. Ngemizimba yabo manje esenconyelwe ukwenza amasosha omzimba, amasosha omzimba wengane yakho angakunqoba ukutheleleka okuzayo kulesi sifo. Kuyinto emangalisayo.
Isikhathi sokugoma
Imigomo ayinikezwa ngaso sonke isikhathi ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane. Ngamunye unikezwa kumugqa wesikhathi ohlukile. Zihlukaniswe kakhulu ezinyangeni zokuqala ezingama-24 zempilo yengane yakho, futhi eziningi zinikezwa ngezigaba noma ngemithamo eminingana.
Ungakhathazeki - awudingi ukulikhumbula wedwa uhlelo lokugoma. Udokotela wengane yakho uzokuqondisa kule nqubo.
Uhlaka lomugqa wesikhathi onconyiwe wokugoma uboniswe ngezansi. Leli thebula lihlanganisa izisekelo zohlelo lokugoma olunconywayo lwe-CDC.
Ezinye izingane zingadinga uhlelo oluhlukile, ngokuya ngezimo zazo zezempilo. Ngemininingwane engaphezulu, vakashela i- noma ukhulume nodokotela wengane yakho.
Ukuthola incazelo yomuthi wokugoma ngamunye osetafuleni, bheka isigaba esilandelayo.
| Ukuzalwa | Izinyanga ezi-2 | 4 izinyanga | Izinyanga eziyi-6 | 1 unyaka | Izinyanga eziyi-15-18 | Iminyaka engu-4-6 | |
| I-HepB | Umthamo wokuqala | Umthamo wesibili (izinyanga eziyi-1-2 zobudala) | - | Umthamo wesithathu (iminyaka yobudala engu-6-18 izinyanga) | - | - | - |
| RV | - | Umthamo wokuqala | Umthamo wesibili | Umthamo wesithathu (kwezinye izimo) | - | - | - |
| I-DTaP | - | Umthamo wokuqala | Umthamo wesibili | Umthamo wesithathu | - | Umthamo wesine | Umthamo wesi-5 |
| Hib | - | Umthamo wokuqala | Umthamo wesibili | Umthamo wesithathu (kwezinye izimo) | Umthamo wokulekelela (izinyanga ezineminyaka engu-12-15) | - | - |
| PCV | - | Umthamo wokuqala | Umthamo wesibili | Umthamo wesithathu | Umthamo wesine (iminyaka yobudala engu-12-15 izinyanga) | - | - |
| IPV | - | Umthamo wokuqala | Umthamo wesibili | Umthamo wesithathu (iminyaka yobudala engu-6-18 izinyanga) | - | - | Umthamo wesine |
| Umkhuhlane | - | - | - | Ukugonywa minyaka yonke (ngesizini njengoba kufanele) | Ukugonywa minyaka yonke (ngesizini njengoba kufanele) | Ukugonywa minyaka yonke (ngesizini njengoba kufanele) | Ukugonywa minyaka yonke (ngesizini njengoba kufanele) |
| MMR | - | - | - | - | Umthamo wokuqala (izinyanga ezineminyaka engu-12-15) | - | Umthamo wesibili |
| I-Varicella | - | - | - | - | Umthamo wokuqala (izinyanga ezineminyaka engu-12-15) | - | Umthamo wesibili |
| HepA | - | - | - | - | Uchungechunge lwamathamo ama-2 (iminyaka yobudala yezinyanga eziyi-12-24) | - | - |
Izidingo zomuthi wokugoma
Awukho umthetho wesifundazwe odinga ukugoma. Kodwa-ke, izwe ngalinye linemithetho yalo mayelana nokuthi yimiphi imigomo edingekayo ukuze izingane zifunde ezikoleni zikahulumeni noma ezizimele, enkulisa, noma ekolishi.
Lokhu kunikeza imininingwane yokuthi izwe ngalinye lingena kanjani odabeni lwemithi yokugoma. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngezidingo zombuso wakho, khuluma nodokotela wengane yakho.
Izincazelo zomuthi wokugoma
Nakhu okubalulekile okumele ukwazi ngomunye wale mithi yokugoma.
- I-HepB: Kuvikela i-hepatitis B (ukutheleleka kwesibindi). I-HepB inikezwa ngamahlumela amathathu. Isibhamu sokuqala sinikezwa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa. Izifundazwe eziningi zidinga ukugonyelwa i-HepB ukuze ingane ingene esikoleni.
- I-RV: Ivikela i-rotavirus, imbangela enkulu yohudo. I-RV inikezwa ngemithamo emibili noma emithathu, kuya ngomuthi wokugoma osetshenzisiwe.
- I-DTaP: Kuvikela ekulweni ne-diphtheria, tetanus, ne-pertussis (ukukhwehlela). Kudinga imithamo emihlanu ebuntwaneni nasebuntwaneni. Izikhuthazi ze-Tdap noma ze-Td zinikezwa ngesikhathi sobusha nasebudaleni.
- Hib: Kuvikela ngokumelene I-Haemophilus influenzae thayipha b. Lokhu kutheleleka bekuyimbangela ehamba phambili ye-bacterial meningitis.Ukugonywa kwe-Hib kunikezwa ngemithamo emithathu noma emine.
- I-PCV: Kuvikela isifo se-pneumococcal, okubandakanya inyumoniya. I-PCV inikezwa ochungechungeni lwamanani amane.
- IPV: ivikela uvendle futhi inikezwa ngemithamo emine.
- Umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane): Kuvikela umkhuhlane. Lo ngumuthi wokugoma onikezwa ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka. Izibhamu zomkhuhlane zinganikezwa ingane yakho unyaka nonyaka, ziqala lapho zinezinyanga eziyisithupha. (Umthamo wokuqala owake wanikezwa noma iyiphi ingane engaphansi kweminyaka engu-8 ngamanani amabili anikezwa amasonto ama-4 ahlukene.) Isikhathi somkhuhlane singaqala ngoSepthemba kuya kuMeyi.
- MMR: Kuvikela isimungumungwane, uqwilikana, ne-rubella (isimungumungwane saseJalimane). I-MMR inikezwa ngemithamo emibili. Umthamo wokuqala unconywa ezinganeni eziphakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-12 nezingu-15. Umthamo wesibili uvame ukunikezwa phakathi kweminyaka engu-4 nengu-6. Kodwa-ke, inganikezwa ngokushesha ezinsukwini ezingama-28 ngemuva komthamo wokuqala.
- I-Varicella: Kuvikela ingxibongo. I-Varicella inconyelwa zonke izingane ezinempilo. Inikezwa ngemithamo emibili.
- I-HepA: Kuvikela ekulweni nesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A. Lokhu kunikezwa ngamanani amabili aphakathi konyaka owodwa no-2 ubudala.
Ingabe imijovo yokugoma iyingozi?
Ngamafuphi, cha. Imishanguzo ikhonjiswe ukuthi iphephile ezinganeni. Abukho ubufakazi bokuthi imijovo yokugoma idala i-autism. Amaphuzu ocwaningweni aphikisa noma yikuphi ukuxhumana phakathi kwemithi yokugoma ne-autism.
Ngaphezu kokuphepha ukusebenzisa, imithi yokugoma ikhonjisiwe ukuvikela izingane ezifweni ezimbi kakhulu. Abantu babevame ukugula kakhulu noma bafe ngenxa yazo zonke izifo ezisetshenziswa yimithi yokuvikela manje. Eqinisweni, ngisho nenkukhu ingabulala.
Ngenxa yemithi yokugoma, noma kunjalo, lezi zifo (ngaphandle komkhuhlane) azivamile e-United States namuhla.
Imigomo ingadala imiphumela engemihle, njengokubomvu nokuvuvukala lapho kunikezwe khona umjovo. Le miphumela kufanele ihambe kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Imiphumela emibi kakhulu, efana nokusabela okweqile komzimba, ayivamile kakhulu. Ubungozi besifo bukhulu kakhulu kunobungozi bemiphumela emibi kakhulu evela emthonjeni wokugoma. Ngeminye imininingwane mayelana nokuphepha kwemigomo yezingane, buza udokotela wengane yakho.
Ukudla okudlela endlini
Imithi yokugoma iyingxenye ebalulekile yokugcina ingane yakho iphephile futhi iphilile. Uma unemibuzo ngemigomo, uhlelo lokugoma, noma ukuthi "ungabamba kanjani" uma ingane yakho ingaqalanga ukuthola imishanguzo kusukela izalwa, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wengane yakho.
Ukukhethwa Kwesiza
Ingabe Amazinyo Abhekwa Amathambo?
