Ukuphindaphinda kweShingles: Amaqiniso, Izibalo, Nawe

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu zamashingles nama-shingles aphindaphindiwe?
• Ngabe ama-shingles aphindeka kaningi kangakanani?
• Yiziphi izinto ezinobungozi zokuphindaphindeka kwamaswazi?
• Luyini ukwelashwa kwamashingles nama-shingles aphindaphindiwe?
• Uyini umbono wabantu abaneziqubu eziphindaphindayo?
• Ungakwazi ukuvimbela ama-shingles aphindaphindiwe?

Yini ama-shingles?

Igciwane le-varicella-zoster lidala ama-shingles. Leli yigciwane elifanayo elibanga ingxibongo. Ngemuva kokuthi ube nenkukhu futhi izimpawu zakho sezihambile, igciwane lihlala lingasebenzi kumaseli akho ezinzwa.Igciwane lingavuselelwa kamuva empilweni njengama-shingles. Abantu abazi ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka. I-Shingles yaziwa nangokuthi i-herpes zoster. Noma ngubani oke waba nengxibongo yenkukhu kamuva angathola ama-shingles.

Igama elithi "shingles" livela egameni lesiLatini elisho "ibhande," futhi libhekisa ekutheni ukuqhuma kwamabhande ngokuvamile kwenza kanjani ibhande noma ibhande, imvamisa kolunye uhlangothi lwesifuba. Ama-shingles nawo angaqhuma ku:

• izingalo
• amathanga
• ikhanda
• indlebe
• iso

Abantu abalinganiselwa e-United States bane-shingles minyaka yonke. Mayelana nabantu base-United States bazothola ama-shingles empilweni yabo, futhi amaphesenti angama-68 ala macala atholakala kubantu abaneminyaka engama-50 nangaphezulu. Abantu abaphila iminyaka engama-85 ubudala banethuba lokuthuthukisa ama-shingles.

Ungathola futhi ama-shingles okwesibili. Lokhu akujwayelekile futhi kwaziwa njengokuphindeka kwe-shingles.

Ziyini izimpawu zamashingles nama-shingles aphindaphindiwe?

Uphawu lokuqala lwe-shingles imvamisa ubuhlungu, ukuhayiza, noma umuzwa ovuthayo endaweni yokuqubuka. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, kuhlangana ukuhlangana kwamabhamuza abomvu agcwele uketshezi angahle avuleke bese eqhaqhazela. Ezinye izimpawu zifaka:

• ukulunywa endaweni yokuqubuka
• ukuzwela kwesikhumba endaweni yokuqubuka
• ukukhathala nezinye izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane
• ukuzwela ekukhanyeni
• Ukugodola

Ama-shingles aqhubekayo anezimpawu ezifanayo, futhi imvamisa ukugqashuka kwenzeka endaweni efanayo. Cishe ezimeni ezithile, ukugqashuka kwamashingles kwakusendaweni ehlukile.

Ngabe ama-shingles aphindeka kaningi kangakanani?

Idatha emayelana nokuthi ama-shingles recurs avame kangaki kunqunyelwe. Ucwaningo olwenziwe eMinnesota ngaphezu kweminyaka eyisikhombisa luthole ukuthi phakathi kwamaphesenti ama-5.7 kanye no-6.2 wamapulangwe abantu bathola ama-shingles okwesibili.

Ngokuvamile, lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ingozi yakho yokuthola ama-shingles okwesibili icishe ifane nengozi obenayo yokuthola ama-shingles okokuqala.

Isikhathi esingakafiki icala lokuqala lamashing nokuphindeka asicwaningiswanga kahle. Ocwaningweni lwango-2011, ukuphindeka kwenzeka kusuka ezinsukwini ezingama-96 kuya eminyakeni eyi-10 ngemuva kokuqubuka kokuqala kwama-shingles, kepha lolu cwaningo lumboze isikhathi seminyaka eyi-12 kuphela.

Yiziphi izinto ezinobungozi zokuphindaphindeka kwamaswazi?

Abantu abazi ukuthi yini ebangela ama-shingles aqhubekayo, kodwa izici ezithile zandisa amathuba akho okuthola ama-shingles futhi.

Abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka maningi amathuba okuthi baphinde bathole izinsumpa. Olunye ucwaningo luthole ukuthi izinga lokuphindeka kwamashingles liphakathi kwabantu abanamasosha omzimba abekiwe. Lokhu cishe kuphindwe izikhathi ezi-2.4 kunalabo abebengayekethisi amasosha omzimba.

Ungaba nesistimu yomzimba yokuvikela uma:

• bathola i-chemotherapy noma i-radiation therapy
• ube nokufakelwa komzimba
• une-HIV noma i-AIDS
• bathatha imithamo ephezulu yama-corticosteroids afana ne-prednisone

Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zifaka:

• buhlala isikhathi eside futhi bube buhlungu kakhulu ngecala lokuqala lama-shingles
• ubuhlungu bezinsuku ezingama-30 noma ngaphezulu ngecala lokuqala lama-shingles
• ukuba ngowesifazane
• ukuba ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-50

Ukuba nezihlobo zegazi elilodwa noma eziningi ezine-shingles nakho kungandisa ubungozi bokuthola ama-shingles.

Luyini ukwelashwa kwamashingles nama-shingles aphindaphindiwe?

Ukwelashwa kwama-shingles aphindaphindiwe kuyafana nokwesikhumba.

Uma usola ukuthi unama-shingles aphindaphindiwe, bheka udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukuthatha umuthi olwa namagciwane njenge-acyclovir (i-Zovirax), i-valacyclovir (i-Valtrex), noma i-famciclovir (i-Famvir) kunganciphisa ubunzima be-shingles futhi kunciphise ukuthi ihlala isikhathi esingakanani.

Udokotela wakho angakunikeza nemithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu bakho futhi akusize ulale. Lokhu kufaka phakathi okulandelayo:

• Amachashazi esikhumba ane-painkiller lidocaine ayatholakala. Ungazigqoka endaweni ethintekile isikhathi esithile.
• Amachashazi esikhumba anamaphesenti ayi-8 e-capsaicin, okukhishwa upelepele, ayatholakala. Abanye abantu abakwazi ukubekezelela umuzwa ovuthayo, noma ngabe isikhumba sindikindiki ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe isichibi.
• Izidakamizwa zokulwa nezidakamizwa, njenge-gabapentin (i-Neurontin, i-Gralise, i-Horizant) ne-pregabalin (i-Lyrica), yehlisa ubuhlungu ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kwezinzwa. Banemiphumela emibi enganciphisa inani lomuthi ongawubekezelela.
• Ama-anti-depressants anjenge-duloxetine (Cymbalta) ne-nortriptyline (Pamelor) angaba wusizo, ikakhulukazi ukudambisa izinhlungu nokukuvumela ulale.
• Amaphilisi ezinhlungu e-opioid angabudambisa ubuhlungu, kepha anemiphumela engemihle, enjengesiyezi nokudideka, futhi angaba umlutha.

Ungathatha futhi amabhavu apholile nge-colloidal oatmeal ukunciphisa ukulunywa, noma usebenzise ukucindezela okubandayo endaweni ethintekile. Ukuphumula nokucindezeleka nakho kubalulekile.

Uyini umbono wabantu abaneziqubu eziphindaphindayo?

Ama-shingles avame ukusula kungakapheli amasonto amabili kuya kwayisithupha.

Ezimweni ezimbalwa zamacala, ubuhlungu bungahlala lapho ukuqubuka kuphulukile. Lokhu kubizwa nge-postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Kufika kumaphesenti ama-2 abantu abathola ama-shingles bane-PHN iminyaka emihlanu noma ngaphezulu. Ingozi yanda ngokukhula.

Ungakwazi ukuvimbela ama-shingles aphindaphindiwe?

Ama-shingles aqhubekayo awavikeleki. Unganciphisa ubungozi bakho ngokuthola umuthi wokugomela ama-shingles, noma ngabe usuphethe ama-shingles.

A kukhombisile ukuthi abantu ababenomuthi wokugomela i-shingles babenamacala amancane ama-shingles ngamaphesenti angama-51. Kubantu abaneminyaka engama-50-59 ubudala, umuthi wokugomela amashoba wehlise ubungozi bokushaywa ngamaphesenti angama-69.8.

Abantu abathole umuthi wokugomela ama-shingles imvamisa babenezimo ezinzima kakhulu zamashingles. Futhi babe nokuvela okumbalwa kwe-PHN.

Odokotela batusa umuthi wokugomela ama-shingles kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 kodwa hhayi kulabo abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.