Ukwehluleka kwesibindi: kuyini, izimbangela, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Ukuhlolwa okuku-inthanethi kwezinkinga zesibindi
• Yelashwa kanjani
• 1. Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi
• 2. Yenza izinguquko ekudleni
• 3. Ukufakelwa kwesibindi
• Izinkinga ezingenzeka
• Ungakuvimbela kanjani

Ukwehluleka kwesibindi yisifo esibi kakhulu sesibindi, lapho isitho singakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yaso, njengokukhiqiza inyongo yokugaya amafutha, ukuqeda ubuthi emzimbeni noma ukulawulwa kwegazi, okuholela ochungechungeni zezinkinga ezinkulu ezifana nezinkinga zokujiya, i-cerebral edema noma ukwehluleka kwezinso.

Ngokuya ngobude besikhathi nokuvela kwezimpawu, ukwehluleka kwesibindi kungahlukaniswa nge:

• Okuhle: kwenzeka ngokuzumayo, ngezinsuku noma ngamaviki, kubantu abaphilile, ngaphandle kwesifo sangaphambilini sesibindi. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa igciwane le-hepatitis noma ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kweminye imithi, njenge-paracetamol;
• Umlando: izimpawu zingathatha izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka ukuvela, futhi kwenzeka lapho isibindi sihlaselwa njalo ngenxa yezimo ezinjengokusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala, i-hepatitis noma amanoni esibindi.

Lapho kusolwa ukwehluleka kwesibindi, kubalulekile ukubonisana nodokotela wesifo sokusha kwesibindi ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa, ukuthola imbangela nokuqala ukwelashwa okufanele, okungafaka ukusetshenziswa kwemithi noma ukufakelwa kwesibindi.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Esigabeni sokuqala, ukwehluleka kwesibindi kungahle kungakhombisi zimpawu, noma kunjalo kungakhula ezinsukwini noma eminyakeni embalwa:

• Isikhumba esiphuzi nolwelwesi lwamafinyila;
• Ukulunywa komzimba;
• Ukuvuvukala esiswini;
• Ubuhlungu ohlangothini olungaphezulu kwesokudla sesisu;
• Ukuvuvukala emilenzeni;
• Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza ngegazi;
• Uhudo;
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla;
• Ukwehla kwesisindo;
• Ukuzwa kwe-malaise ejwayelekile;
• Ukuzizwa usuthi ngisho nangemva kokudla okulula;
• Ukulala ngokweqile;
• Ukudideka kwengqondo noma ukudideka;
• Ukuphefumula ngephunga elimnandi;
• Umchamo omnyama;
• Izitulo ezikhanyayo noma ezimhlophe;
• Imfiva;
• Ukopha noma ukopha emathunjini;
• Ukwenza lula ukopha noma ukulimaza.

Lapho kukhona lezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukuthi ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha okukhulu noma ufune igumbi eliseduze lezimo eziphuthumayo, ngoba lesi sifo singasheshe sibe sibi futhi sibangele ukopha noma izinso ezinzima noma izinkinga zobuchopho, sibeke impilo yakho engcupheni.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kokuhluleka kwesibindi kwenziwa kususelwa emlandweni womtholampilo nangegazi elikala isikhathi sokuvala igazi kanye nama-enzyme wesibindi njenge-ALT, AST, GGT, alkaline phosphatase kanye ne-bilirubin. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging okufana ne-computed tomography noma i-magnetic resonance imaging, kanye ne-biopsy yesibindi kungadingeka ukubona ukuthi kungani le ngxenye ingasebenzi. Bona konke ukuhlolwa ukuhlola ukusebenza kwesibindi.

Ukuhlolwa okuku-inthanethi kwezinkinga zesibindi

Ukuthola ukuthi ungahle uhluleke yini isibindi, hlola ukuthi uzizwa kanjani:

1. 1. Ingabe uzwa ubuhlungu noma ukungahambi kahle engxenyeni engakwesokudla esiswini sakho?
2. 2. Ingabe uzizwa ugula noma unesiyezi njalo?
3. 3. Ingabe uphathwa yikhanda kaningi?
4. 4. Ingabe uzizwa ukhathele kalula?
5. 5. Unamabala amaningana ansomi esikhunjeni sakho?
6. 6. Ngabe amehlo noma isikhumba sakho siphuzi?
7. 7. Ngabe umchamo wakho umnyama?
8. 8. Wake wazizwa uswele ukudla?
9. 9. Ingabe indle yakho iphuzi, mpunga noma imhlophe?
10. 10. Ngabe uyezwa ukuthi isisu sakho sivuvukile?
11. 11. Ingabe uzizwa ulunywa emzimbeni wonke?

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kokuhluleka kwesibindi kuya ngezimbangela nesigaba sesifo futhi kufaka:

1. Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi

Imithi i-hepatologist engayinikeza ukwelapha ukwehluleka kwesibindi incike kulokho okwenze lesi sifo, ngokwesibonelo, uma sibangelwa ukufakwa ubuthi yi-paracetamol noma amakhowe asendle, imithi kufanele isetshenziselwe ukubuyisa imiphumela yayo, noma uma imbangela bekungukutheleleka welashwe ngemithi elwa namagciwane noma ngama-antifungal.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela futhi angakhombisa amanye amakhambi ngokusho kwezimpawu eziveziwe.

2. Yenza izinguquko ekudleni

Ukudla okwehlulekayo kwesibindi kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kweso lodokotela wezifo zohlobo lwe-hepatologist kanye nochwepheshe wezokudla, njengoba imihlahlandlela incike esimweni sempilo yomuntu kanye nesigaba okuso lesi sifo.

Ngokuvamile, kufanele ulawule inani loketshezi oludliwayo, ubeke umkhawulo ekudleni kasawoti wakho ngaphansi kuka-2g ngosuku ukugwema ukuqumba noma ukuqongelela uketshezi esiswini sakho futhi ungaziphuzi iziphuzo ezidakayo, ngoba zingazenza zibe zimbi izimpawu futhi zisibhebhethekise lesi sifo.

3. Ukufakelwa kwesibindi

Ukufakelwa kwesibindi wukuhlinzwa okususa isibindi esingasasebenzi kahle bese sikufaka esikhundleni sesibindi esinempilo esivela kumnikeli oshonile noma ingxenye yesibindi esinempilo esivela kumnikeli ophilayo.

Le ndlela yokwelashwa, uma yenziwa ngesikhathi, ingabuyisa ukusebenza kwesibindi, noma kunjalo ayikhonjisiwe kuzo zonke izimo, njengokuhluleka kwesibindi okubangelwa i-hepatitis, njengoba igciwane lingahlala esibindini esitshalwe kabusha. Thola ukuthi ukufakelwa kwesibindi kwenziwa kanjani.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Izinkinga zokwehluleka kwesibindi zingavela ngokushesha ngemuva kwezimpawu zokuqala zesifo noma lapho isifo sesisesigabeni esithuthuke kakhulu futhi sifaka:

• I-edema yobuchopho;
• Ukopha emathunjini;
• Ukutheleleka okujwayelekile;
• Ingozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka kwamaphaphu kanye nomchamo;
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso.

Lezi zinkinga kufanele zilashwe ngokushesha, ngoba uma zingaguqulwa noma zilawulwe ngesikhathi, zingasongela impilo.

Ungakuvimbela kanjani

Ezinye izinyathelo zingasiza ukuvimbela noma ukunciphisa ubungozi bokulimala kwesibindi okungadala ukwehluleka kwesibindi, njenge:

• Gwema ukuthatha imishanguzo ngaphandle kwezeluleko zokwelashwa;
• Gwema ukusebenzisa izitshalo zokwelapha ngaphandle kokuqondiswa uchwepheshe wezempilo;
• Gwema ukuphuza iziphuzo ezidakayo;
• Goma ngokuvikela i-hepatitis;
• Zijwayeze ukwenza ucansi oluphephile;
• Gwema ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni kanye nokwabelana ngamajojo;
• Gcina isisindo siphilile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma usebenzisa ama-insecticide kanye namanye amakhemikhali anobuthi, kubalulekile ukumboza isikhumba ngamagilavu, ama-ovalolo ngemikhono emide, isigqoko nesifihla-buso, ukuvimbela ukumuncwa kwemikhiqizo ngesikhumba okungadala ukwehluleka kwesibindi.