Ukwehluleka Kwezinso Okubucayi Nokungapheli: Izimpawu kanye Nokwelapha
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- Izimpawu zokuhluleka kwezinso
- Izimpawu zokwehluleka okukhulu kwezinso:
- Izimpawu zokuhluleka kwezinso okungamahlalakhona:
- Izimbangela eziyinhloko
- Yelashwa kanjani
Ukwehluleka kwezinso ukwehluleka kwezinso ukuhlunga igazi, kususe izinto ezimbi, njenge-urea noma i-creatinine, ngokwesibonelo, ezinganqwabelana emzimbeni lapho izinso zingasebenzi kahle.
Ukwehluleka kwezinso kungaba kubi noma kube yisifo esingelapheki, esibi sibonakala ngokuncipha okusheshayo kokusebenza kwezinso, kuyilapho kokungalapheki kukhona ukulahleka kancane kokusebenza kwezinso, okubangelwa izinto ezinjengokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukutheleleka komchamo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme noma ukuvinjelwa komchamo, ngu isibonelo.
Ngokuvamile, ukwehluleka okukhulu kwezinso kuyelapheka, kepha ukwehluleka okungapheli kwezinso akwelapheki ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi ukwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa nge-hemodialysis noma ukufakelwa kwezinso ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yempilo yesiguli futhi kukhuthaze inhlalakahle. Bona ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani nokuthi ilulama kanjani ekufakelweni kabusha kwezinso.
Izimpawu zokuhluleka kwezinso
Ukwehluleka kwe-renal kungazibonakalisa ngezimpawu ezimbalwa, kuya ngokuthi kubi noma kuyisifo esingelapheki, njenge:
Izimpawu zokwehluleka okukhulu kwezinso:
- Umchamo omncane, ophuzi ngokumnyama nephunga elinamandla;
- Ukukhathala okulula nokuphefumula okuncane;
- Ubuhlungu emhlane ongezansi;
- Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze nezinyawo;
- Ukukhathala okulula nokuphefumula okuncane;
- Ingcindezi ephezulu;
- Umkhuhlane uphakeme kuno-39ºC;
- Ukukhwehlela igazi;
- Ukungabi nesifiso sokudla kanye nokuba khona kwesicanucanu nokuhlanza;
- Izigaxa ezincane esikhunjeni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungavela ushintsho ekuhlolweni kwegazi nomchamo, futhi ukutholakala kwamaprotheni emchameni kungabonakala, kanye namanani aguqukile e-urea, creatinine, sodium ne-potassium egazini. Funda ukuthi ungabona kanjani ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso.
Izimpawu zokuhluleka kwezinso okungamahlalakhona:
- Ukuzimisela ukuchama njalo, ikakhulukazi ebusuku, ukuvuka uyochama;
- Umchamo onukayo nephunga elinamandla;
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme kakhulu ongaholela kohlangothi noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo;
- Ukuzizwa kwesisindo somzimba esiphakeme kakhulu;
- Ukuthuthumela, ikakhulukazi ezandleni;
- Ukukhathala okukhulu;
- Imisipha ebuthakathaka;
- Amajaqamba avamile;
- Ukufakwa ezandleni nasezinyaweni;
- Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwela;
- Ukudlikizela;
- Isikhumba esiphuzi;
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza;
- Ukuthuthukiswa koqweqwe oluncane olumhlophe esikhunjeni, olufana nophawuda, njengoba i-urea icwazimula ngomjuluko.
Lapho ubheka lezi zimpawu, kungakuhle ukuthi uthintane nodokotela we-nephrologist ukuze izivivinyo zinga-oda ukuthi kutholakale ukwehluleka kwezinso bese kukhombisa ukwelashwa okufanele.
Ukuxilongwa kungenziwa ngokususelwa kwizimpawu nokuhlolwa okufana ne-ultrasound, resonance magnetic, computed tomography, ngaphezu komchamo nokuhlolwa kwegazi, njengokuhlaziywa kwe-potassium, urea ne-creatinine. Bona ukuthi i-creatinine yegazi ilinganiswa kanjani futhi ivezwa amanani.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko
Ukuhluleka kwezinso okunzima futhi okungamahlalakhona kungenzeka ngenxa:
- Ukwehla kwenani legazi ezinso, ngenxa yokwehla emzimbeni, ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso noma umfutho ophansi wegazi;
- Ukulimala kwezinso, ngenxa yamatshe ezinso noma izinto ezinobuthi ezifana nemithi;
- Ukuphazanyiswa kokuhamba komchamo, kubangelwa i-prostate enwetshiwe noma ukuba khona kwesimila.
- I-Sepsis, lapho amabhaktheriya afinyelela khona ezinso nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, ezingadala ukulimala esithweni;
- Isifo sezinso sePolycystic, esibonakala ngokuba khona kwama-cysts amaningana ezinso, okungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwawo;
- Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwemithi kanye nezithasiselo zamaprotheni, ngoba zingadala ukulimala esithweni noma ziphazamise omunye wemisebenzi yaso;
- I-hemolytic-uremic syndrome, okuyisifo esidalwa ubuthi obukhiqizwa amagciwane athile futhi okuholela ekulimaleni komthambo wegazi, i-hemolytic anemia kanye nokulahlekelwa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kwezinso
Abantu okungenzeka bahlakulele izinso yilabo abanesifo sikashukela noma abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu futhi abangalandeli ukwelashwa okufanele okukhonjiswe ngudokotela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umlando womndeni wezinkinga zezinso noma abantu abake bafakelwa ngaphambi noma ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala nabo banamathuba amaningi okuba nalesi sifo. Bona ezinye izimbangela zokuhluleka kwezinso.
Yelashwa kanjani
Ukwelashwa kokuhluleka kwezinso kufanele kuqondiswe yi-nephrologist kanye nochwepheshe wezokudla, futhi kungenziwa ekhaya noma esibhedlela, kuye ngobukhulu besifo. Ukufunda ukuhlala nesifo esingelapheki njengokuhluleka kwezinso kuyindlela ebucayi futhi edla isikhathi edinga ukuzinikela nokuzikhandla okukhulu.
Isikhathi esiningi, ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezinjenge-antihypertensive drugs kanye ne-diuretics, njenge-Furosemide, isibonelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kudliwe ukudla okunothe ngama-carbohydrate kanye namaprotheni amancane, usawoti kanye ne-potassium, okumele kukhonjiswe ngongoti wokudla. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokwelashwa kokuhluleka kwezinso.
Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, njengokuhluleka kwezinso okungapheli, kungadingeka ukwenza ukufakelwa kwezinso noma kwenziwe i-hemodialysis, okuyinqubo ehlose ukuhlunga igazi, isuse konke ukungcola izinso ezingakwazi ukukuhlunga. Bona ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani i-hemodialysis.
Funda amanye amaqhinga okudla kahle ngokubuka: