Konke Okufanele Ukwazi Ngokutheleleka Nge-Listeria (Listeriosis)

-Delile

• Izimpawu
• Izimbangela
• Izici zobungozi
• Ukubona udokotela
• Ukwelashwa
• Amakhambi asekhaya
• Imithi yokwelashwa
• Ukwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
• Ukuvimbela

Ukubuka konke

Ukutheleleka kweListeria, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-listeriosis, kubangelwa amagciwane IListeria monocytogenes. Lawa magciwane atholakala kakhulu ekudleni okubandakanya:

• imikhiqizo yobisi engasetshenziswanga
• inyama ethile yokudla
• amakhabe
• imifino eluhlaza

I-Listeriosis ayibi kakhulu kubantu abaningi. Abanye abantu kungenzeka bangaze babhekane nezimpawu zokutheleleka, futhi izingqinamba azivamile. Kwabanye abantu, noma kunjalo, lesi sifo singasongela impilo.

Ukwelashwa kuya ngokuthi isifo sinzima kangakanani nempilo yakho yonke. Ukuphepha kokudla okufanele kungasiza ekuvikeleni nasekunciphiseni ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yi-listeriosis.

Izimpawu

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ze-listeriosis zifaka:

• imfiva
• isicanucanu
• isifo sohudo
• ubuhlungu bemisipha

Kubantu abaningi, izimpawu zingaba mnene kangangokuthi ukutheleleka kuhlala kungatholakali.

Izimpawu zingaqala kungakapheli usuku olulodwa noma ezintathu ngemuva kokudla ukudla okungcolile. Uphawu olumnene kunalo lonke ukugula okufana nomkhuhlane uhudo nomkhuhlane. Abanye abantu abazitholi izimpawu zokuqala kuze kube yizinsuku noma amasonto ngemuva kokuvezwa.

Izimpawu zizohlala kuze kube yilapho ukutheleleka kungasekho. Kwabanye abantu okutholakala ukuthi bane-listeria, ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotics kuvame ukunconywa. Kungaba nobungozi obukhulu bezinkinga, ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi kohlelo lwezinzwa, inhliziyo, nokusakaza kwegazi. Lokhu ukutheleleka kuyingozi ikakhulukazi, kubantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu, nabantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.

Kwezinye izimo, i-listeriosis ingasakazeka ngaphandle kwamathumbu. Lesi sifo esithuthuke kakhulu, esaziwa njenge-invasive listeriosis, sidala izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• ikhanda
• ukudideka
• intamo elukhuni
• izinguquko zokuqapha
• ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi noma ukuhamba kanzima
• ukudlikizela noma ukuquleka

Izinkinga zibandakanya i-bacterial meningitis, ukutheleleka kwama-valve enhliziyo (endocarditis), kanye ne-sepsis.

Uzodinga ukuhlala esibhedlela ukuze welaphe ukutheleleka okungathi sína kakhulu njengoba kungasongela impilo yakho.

Uma ukhulelwe, ungahle ungazitholi izimpawu eziningi, noma izimpawu zingaba mnene kakhulu ungaboni ukuthi unesifo. I-listeriosis kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ingaholela ekuphuphumeni kwesisu noma ekubelethweni. Ezimweni lapho ingane isinda khona, ingahle ithole ukutheleleka okungathi sína kobuchopho noma kwegazi elidinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela nokwelashwa okwengeziwe ngama-antibiotic ngokushesha nje lapho izelwe.

Izimbangela

I-Listeriosis iba ngemuva kokuhlangana namagciwane IListeria monocytogenes. Ngokuvamile, umuntu ungena ku-listeria ngemuva kokudla ukudla okungcolile. Ingane esanda kuzalwa nayo ingayithola kunina.

IListeria amabhaktheriya ahlala enhlabathini, emanzini nasendleni yezilwane. Bangaphila ngokudla, imishini yokukhiqiza ukudla, kanye nasendaweni yokugcina ebandayo yokudla. I-Listeriosis ivame ukusatshalaliswa ngu:

• inyama esetshenzisiwe, kufaka phakathi inyama yokudla, izinja ezishisayo, ukusabalala kwenyama, kanye nokudla kwasolwandle okubhemayo
• imikhiqizo yobisi engasetshenziswanga, kufaka phakathi ushizi othambile nobisi
• eminye imikhiqizo yobisi esetshenzisiwe, kufaka phakathi u-ayisikhilimu
• imifino eluhlaza nezithelo

IListeria amabhaktheriya awabulawa ezindaweni ezibandayo zeziqandisi namakhaza. Azikhuli ngokushesha ezindaweni ezibandayo, kodwa zingasinda emazingeni okushisa afudumele. Lawa magciwane kungenzeka abhujiswe ukushisa. Ukushisa ukudla okusetshenzisiwe, njengezinja ezishisayo, kuya ku-165 ° F (73.8 ° C) kuzobulala amagciwane.

Izici zobungozi

Abantu abaphilile ngeke bavame ukugula ngenxa ye- IListeria. Abantu abanamasosha omzimba abekekile bangathola izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu. Kungenzeka ukuthi uthuthukise ukutheleleka okuthuthukile noma izinkinga ezivela ku-listeriosis uma:

• abakhulelwe
• bangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65
• bathatha ama-immune suppressants, njenge-prednisone noma eminye imithi enikezwe ukwelapha izifo ezizimele njenge-rheumatoid arthritis
• kunemithi yokuvikela ukwenqatshwa kokufakelwa komzimba
• une-HIV noma i-AIDS
• unesifo sikashukela
• unomdlavuza noma uthola ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• unesifo sezinso noma une-dialysis
• ube notshwala noma isifo sesibindi

Ukubona udokotela

Uma ngabe udle ukudla okukhunjulwayo, ungacabangi ukuthi kufanele ubone udokotela wakho. Esikhundleni salokho, ziqaphele futhi unake kakhulu izimpawu zokutheleleka, njengomkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-100.6 ° F (38 ° C) noma izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane.

Uma uqala ukugula noma unezimpawu ze-listeriosis, yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho. Uma unesimiso sokuzivikela somzimba esibucayi, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlole udokotela wakho. Bazise ukuthi uyakholelwa ukuthi udle ukudla obekungenwe yi-listeria. Uma kunokwenzeka, nikeza imininingwane mayelana nokukhumbula kokudla bese uchaza zonke izimpawu zakho.

Udokotela wakho kungenzeka asebenzise ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola i-listeriosis. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Spinal fluid nakho kwesinye isikhathi kuyasetshenziswa. Ukwelashwa ngokushesha nge-antibiotic kunganciphisa izimpawu zokutheleleka futhi kuvimbele izinkinga.

Ukwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kwe-listeriosis kuncike ekutheni zinzima kangakanani izimpawu zakho nempilo yakho iyonke.

Uma izimpawu zakho zimnene futhi ngenye indlela unempilo enhle, ukwelashwa kungahle kungadingeki. Esikhundleni salokho, udokotela wakho angakuyala ukuthi uhlale ekhaya futhi uzinakekele ngokulandela okulandelayo. Ukwelashwa kwasekhaya kwe-listeriosis kuyefana nokwelashwa kwanoma yikuphi ukugula okubangelwa ukudla.

Amakhambi asekhaya

Ukwelapha ukutheleleka okuncane ekhaya:

• Hlala u-hydrated. Phuza amanzi neziphuzo ezicacile uma uhlangabezana nokuhlanza noma uhudo.
• Shintsha phakathi kwe-acetaminophen (Tylenol) kanye nezidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) ukunciphisa noma imuphi umkhuhlane noma izinhlungu zemisipha.
• Zama ukudla kwe-BRAT.Ngenkathi amathumbu akho ebuyela kokujwayelekile, ukudla ukudla okulula ukukucubungula kungasiza. Lokhu kufaka ubhanana, irayisi, i-appleauce, kanye ne-toast. Gwema ukudla okubabayo, ubisi, utshwala, noma ukudla okunamafutha njengenyama.

Imithi yokwelashwa

Uma izimpawu zakho zinzima, uzizwa ubi kakhulu, noma ukhombisa izimpawu zokutheleleka okuthuthukile, udokotela wakho uvame ukukunikeza ama-antibiotic. Kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela futhi welashwe ngemithi ye-IV. Ama-antibiotic ngokusebenzisa i-IV angasiza ekuqedeni ukutheleleka, futhi abasebenzi basesibhedlela bangabuka izinkinga.

Ukwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Uma ukhulelwe futhi une-listeriosis, udokotela wakho uzofuna ukuqala ukwelashwa nge-antibiotic. Bazophinda futhi babheke ingane yakho ngezimpawu zokucindezeleka. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ezinesifo zizothola ama-antibiotic ngokushesha nje lapho zizalwa.

I-Outlook | Umbono

Ukululama ekuthelelekeni okuncane kungashesha. Kufanele uzizwe ubuyela kokujwayelekile kungakapheli izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu.

Uma unesifo esithuthuke kakhulu, ukululama kuya ngobukhulu besifo. Uma ukutheleleka kwakho kuba yingozi, ukululama kungathatha amasonto ayisithupha. Kungase kudingeke nokuthi uhlale esibhedlela phakathi nengxenye yokwelulama kwakho ukuze ube nama-antibiotic e-IV kanye noketshezi.

Usana oluzalwe lunalesi sifo lungaba semithini elwa namagciwane amasonto ambalwa ngenkathi umzimba ulwa nokutheleleka. Lokhu kuzodinga ukuthi usana olusanda kuzalwa luhlale esibhedlela.

Ukuvimbela

Izindlela zokuphepha kokudla ziyindlela engcono yokuvimbela i-listeria:

• Hlanza izandla zakho, izinto zokubala, nezinto zokusebenza. Nciphisa ithuba lokungcola okuwela phakathi ngokugeza izandla ngaphambi nangemva kokupheka, ukuhlanza umkhiqizo, noma ukwehlisa ukudla.
• Hlikihla umkhiqizo kahle. Ngaphansi kwamanzi agezayo, khuhla zonke izithelo nemifino ngebhulashi lomkhiqizo. Yenza lokhu noma ngabe uhlela ukuhluba isithelo noma imifino.
• Pheka ukudla kahle. Bulala amabhaktheriya ngokupheka inyama ngokuphelele. Sebenzisa i-thermometer yenyama ukuqinisekisa ukuthi usufinyelele amazinga okushisa anconyiwe.
• Gwema imithombo yokutheleleka engaba khona uma ukhulelwe. Ngesikhathi osilindele, yeqa ukudla okungatheleleka, njengoshizi ongasetshenziswanga, udilize futhi ucubungule inyama, noma inhlanzi ebhemayo.
• Hlanza ifriji yakho njalo. Geza amashalofu, amadrowa, nezibambo ngamanzi afudumele nensipho njalo ukubulala amagciwane.
• Gcina amazinga okushisa abanda ngokwanele. Ama-bacteria e-Listeria awafi ngesikhathi esibandayo, kodwa ifriji epholile kahle inganciphisa ukukhula kwamagciwane. Tshala imali ku-thermometer yokusebenza bese ugcine izinga lokushisa esiqandisini noma ngaphansi kuka-40 ° F (4.4 ° C). Ifriji kufanele ibe ngaphansi noma ngaphansi kuka-0 ° F (-17.8 ° C).