Isibindi neCholesterol: Okufanele Ukwazi

-Delile

• Amazinga aphilile wecholesterol emzimbeni
• Izinkinga zomsebenzi wesibindi
• Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha
• Isifo sokuqina kwesibindi
• Izidakamizwa
• Imiphumela ye-cholesterol ephezulu
• Ukubonana nodokotela nini
• Ukuxilongwa
• Ukwelashwa
• Do’s
  
• Gwema
  
• Umbono
• Ukuvimbela

Isingeniso nokubuka konke

Amazinga we-cholesterol alinganisiwe abalulekile ekugcineni impilo enhle. Isibindi siyingxenye engaziwa yalowo mzamo.

Isibindi yindlala enkulu kunazo zonke emzimbeni, etholakala engxenyeni engenhla kwesokudla yesisu. Kuyi-master detoxer yomzimba yezidakamizwa nezinye izinto zangaphandle. Igcina i-glycogen, umzimba oyisebenzisela amandla. Kubalulekile futhi ekuhlanganiseni amafutha, ama-carbohydrate, namaprotheni. Isibindi esinempilo senza konke lokhu kunganakwa.

Umsebenzi obalulekile wesibindi ukukhiqiza nokucaca emzimbeni. Iningi lokunakwa eligxile ku-cholesterol lichaza amandla alo emiphumela emibi yezempilo. Kepha i-cholesterol iyadingeka ekwakhiweni kwamahomoni, uvithamini D, nama-enzyme adingekayo ekugayeni.

Izinqwaba ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-lipoprotein zithwala i-cholesterol emzimbeni wonke. Izinhlobo ezimbili ezibalulekile yi-high-density lipoproteins (HDL) kanye ne-low-density lipoproteins (LDL). Elithi “High” nelithi “low” lisho inani elilinganayo lamaprotheni kumafutha asenqwaba. Umzimba udinga zombili izinhlobo ngezilinganiso ezilawulwayo.

Amazinga aphilile wecholesterol emzimbeni

Kubalulekile ukwazi amazinga we-HDL ("okuhle" cholesterol), i-LDL ("embi" cholesterol), kanye ne-cholesterol ephelele emzimbeni wakho. Isilinganiso esilinganiselwe se-cholesterol ephelele yi-HDL, kanye ne-LDL, kanye nengxenye yesihlanu yohlobo lwamafutha wesithathu okuthiwa i-triglyceride.

Lokhu kuncoma amazinga alandelayo:

Amazinga we-HDL okungenani ama-milligram angama-40 nge-deciliter ngayinye (mg / dL) yegazi. Noma yini engaphansi kwalokho inyusa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo. Izinga okungenani lama-60 mg / dL lisiza ukwehlisa ubungozi besifo senhliziyo.

Izinkinga zomsebenzi wesibindi

Izinkinga zokusebenza kwesibindi zingavimbela ikhono lomzimba lokukhiqiza noma lokususa i-cholesterol. Zombili lezi zimo zingadala i-spike ku-cholesterol futhi zithinte impilo yomuntu. Lezi zimo ezilandelayo zingathinta isibindi ngendlela edala ukuthi amazinga e-cholesterol angajwayelekile.

Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi yisifo sesibindi esinamafutha (i-NAFLD). Ithinta cishe ikota eyodwa yabantu. Kuvame ukubonakala phakathi kwabantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile noma abanesifo sikashukela.

I-NAFLD ihlotshaniswa ne-dyslipidemia, amazinga angavamile we-cholesterol nezinhlanganisela ezifanayo egazini. I-NAFLD nayo ingadala, ukungahambi ngendlela yokuthi umzimba uwahambisa kanjani amafutha.

I-NAFLD ihlanganisa izimo eziningi. Ngaphakathi kwe-NAFLD yi-steatohepatitis (NASH) engeyona eyingozi ngokweqile. Ukuxilongwa kwe-NASH kuvame ukuholela ku-cirrhosis, ukwehluleka kwesibindi, kanye ne-hepatocellular carcinoma.

Isifo sokuqina kwesibindi

I-Cirrhosis ingadala isibazi futhi ivimbele isibindi ekwenzeni imisebenzi eyisisekelo yokuguqula umzimba. Isimo singukusabela kokulimala isikhathi eside esithweni. Ukulimala kungabandakanya ukuvuvukala kwesifo esifana nesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C. Ngemuva kokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C, ukusetshenziswa kotshwala isikhathi eside kuyimbangela evame kakhulu yokuqina kwesibindi e-United States.

Izidakamizwa

Enye imbangela ebalulekile yezinkinga zesibindi ukulimala kwezidakamizwa. Umsebenzi wesibindi ukugaya amakhemikhali emzimbeni. Lokho kwenza kube lula ukulimala kusuka kudokotela, i-over-the-counter, noma izidakamizwa zokuzijabulisa.

Ukulimala okuvamile okubangelwa izidakamizwa kanye nezidakamizwa ezihambisana nalezi zimo zifaka:

I-hepatitis enamandla

Izidakamizwa ezihambisanayo:

• acetaminophen
• bromfenac
• i-isoniazid
• i-nevirapine
• i-ritonavir
• troglitazone

I-hepatitis engapheli

Izidakamizwa ezihambisanayo:

• dantrolene
• lindokuhle
• methyldopa
• i-minocycline
• i-nitrofurantoin

Iphethini elixubekile noma i-hepatitis engajwayelekile

Izidakamizwa ezihambisanayo:

• Ama-ACE inhibitors
• i-amoxicillin-clavulanic acid
• i-chlorpromazine
• erythromycin
• sulindac

I-stealine hepatitis engekho emthethweni

Izidakamizwa ezihambisanayo:

• amiodarone
• tomoxifen

I-Microvesicular steatosis

Izidakamizwa ezihambisanayo:

• Ama-NRTI
• i-valproic acid

Isifo se-Veno-occlusive

Izidakamizwa ezihambisanayo:

• busulfan
• cyclophosphamide

Ngemuva kokuyeka lesi sidakamizwa, ukulimala kwesibindi imvamisa akunzima futhi kuvame ukuncipha. Ezimweni ezingavamile, umonakalo ungaba mkhulu noma unomphela.

Imiphumela ye-cholesterol ephezulu

Izinga eliphakeme le-cholesterol ye-LDL lenyusa ubungozi bokufakwa okunamafutha ezitsheni eziletha igazi enhliziyweni. Amazinga aphansi kakhulu we-cholesterol ye-HDL asikisela ukuthi umzimba kungenzeka ungakwazi ukusula izingcwecwe namanye amadiphozi anamafutha emzimbeni. Zombili lezi zimo zidala ingozi yesifo senhliziyo nokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

Ukubonana nodokotela nini

Ukulimala kwesibindi kungaqhubeka izinyanga noma iminyaka kungabikho zimpawu. Ngesikhathi kuvela izimpawu, ukulimala kwesibindi kaningi kuba kukhulu. Ezinye izimpawu zigunyaza ukuvakashelwa udokotela. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• i-jaundice (isikhumba esiphuzi namehlo)
• ukukhathala
• ubuthakathaka
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• ukunqwabelana koketshezi ngaphakathi kwesisu
• ukuthambekela kokulimaza kalula

Ukuxilongwa

Udokotela angakwazi ukuthola izinkinga zesibindi ngokubheka izimpawu zakho nangokuqedela umlando wezokwelapha. Ungase futhi uvivinye ukusebenza kwesibindi sakho. Lezi zivivinyo zifaka phakathi

Ukuhlolwa kwe-enzyme yesibindiAma-enzyme ajwayelekile kuleli phaneli yi-alanine transaminase, i-aspartate transaminase, i-alkaline phosphatase, ne-gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Amazinga aphezulu wanoma iyiphi yalezi enzyme angabonisa ukulimala.

Ukuhlolwa kwamaprotheni wesibindi: Amazinga aphansi wamaprotheni i-globulin ne-albhamuin angakhombisa ukulahleka kokusebenza kwesibindi. I-Prothrombin yiprotheni yesibindi edingekayo ekunqandeni. Isivivinyo esivamile silinganisa ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi igazi lakho limile. Isikhathi sokuvala kancane singasho ukuntuleka kwe-prothrombin kanye nokulimala kwesibindi.

Ukuhlolwa kweBilirubin: Igazi lihambisa i-bilirubin iye esibindini kanye nenyongo. Bese kukhishwa esitokisini. Igazi emchameni noma i-bilirubin eyeqile egazini ingakhombisa ukulimala kwesibindi.

Iphaneli elilodwa le-lipoprotein: Iphaneli lihlola i-cholesterol yegazi nama-tryglycerides ndawonye. Igazi livame ukudonswa ngemuva kokuzila ukudla.

Ukwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kwezifo zesibindi kuvame ukuqala ngokubhekana nesimo esingaphansi. Izimo ezahlukahlukene zesibindi zidinga izinguquko ezithile zokudla, kepha i-American Liver Foundation inezeluleko ezithile ezijwayelekile.

Do’s

• Yidla okusanhlamvu, izithelo, imifino, inyama nobhontshisi, ubisi namafutha ngokulingana. Ukudla okunothe nge-fiber kuyisihluthulelo.
• Hlala u-hydrated.

Gwema

• ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, ushukela, nosawoti
• i-shellfish eluhlaza noma engaphekiwe
• utshwala

Ukwelashwa kwe-cholesterol ephezulu kufaka nemihlahlandlela yokudla efana naleyo yesifo sesibindi. Ukwelashwa kwe-cholesterol ephezulu futhi kaningi kufaka isigaba semithi ebizwa ngama-statins. Abaphenyi babheke ukuthi ngabe ama-statins aphephile yini kubantu abanesifo sesibindi ongawasebenzisa.

"Ngokuvamile, ama-statins aphephile ezigulini ezinesifo sesibindi," kusho uDavid Bernstein, MD, FACG, oyinhloko ye-hepatology eNorthwell Health, kanye noprofesa wezokwelapha eHofstra Northwell School of Medicine eHempstead, NY. "Iziguli esezinciphise ukuqina kwesibindi kufanele ziqashwe ngeso lokhozi, kodwa ngokujwayelekile, ziphephile."

“Ingabe bukhona ubungozi? Yebo, kodwa kuyingozi encane kakhulu futhi iziguli zibhekwa ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha zokuqala, ”kusho uBernstein.

Umbono

Ukungenelela kokwelashwa kuthembisa ukulawula okuphumelelayo kwe-cholesterol, ngisho naphakathi kwabantu abanesifo sesibindi. Kepha ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila nokulawulwa kokudla kuhlala kuyizingxenye ezibalulekile nezisebenzayo zendlela ephelele yokulawulwa kwe-cholesterol ngokubandakanyeka kwesibindi.

Ukuvimbela

Isikisela ukuthi ungalawula kanjani amazinga aphezulu we-cholesterol egazini ngokushintsha kokudla nezindlela zokuphila:

UBernstein uphakamisa ukuthi le mihlahlandlela yokuphila iyiseluleko esihle kunoma ngubani ozama ukugcina i-cholesterol isesilinganisweni, kufaka phakathi leyo enenselelo eyengeziwe yesifo sesibindi.