Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Lung Diffusion

-Delile

• Kuyini ukusabalalisa kwamaphaphu?
• Yini injongo yokuhlolwa kwamaphaphu okusabalalisa?
• Kufanele ngikulungiselele kanjani ukuhlolwa kwamaphaphu?
• Yini okufanele ngiyilindele ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokusabalalisa kwamaphaphu?
• Ingabe zikhona izingozi ezihambisana nokuhlolwa kokusabalala kwamaphaphu?
• Isho ukuthini imiphumela yami yokuhlolwa?
• Yini ebangela imiphumela yokuhlolwa engajwayelekile?
• Yikuphi okunye ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wamaphaphu okungenziwa?

Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwamaphaphu okusabalalisa?

Kusuka kwesifuba somoya kuya kwesifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona (COPD), kunezimo ezahlukahlukene ezingathinta amaphaphu. Ukuphefumula noma ukuphefumula okujwayelekile kungaba yizimpawu zokuthi amaphaphu awasebenzi njengoba kufanele. Uma ukhombisa izimpawu zezinkinga zamaphaphu, udokotela wakho angalawula izivivinyo ukuhlola ukusebenza kwamaphaphu.

Olunye lwalezi zivivinyo ukuhlolwa kwamaphaphu. Ukuhlolwa kokusabalala kwamaphaphu kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukuthi amaphaphu akho awucubungula kanjani umoya. Kanye nolunye uvivinyo, kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokuphefumula lusebenza kahle futhi kahle yini. Kungaziwa nangokuthi amandla ahlukanisayo amaphaphu okuhlolwa kwe-carbon monoxide (DLCO).

Kuyini ukusabalalisa kwamaphaphu?

Ukuhlolwa kokusabalala kwamaphaphu kuklanyelwe ukuhlola ukuthi amaphaphu akho avumela kangakanani i-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide ukuthi ingene futhi iphume egazini lakho. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi ukusabalalisa.

Uma uphefumula, uhogela umoya oqukethe umoya-mpilo ngamakhala nangomlomo wakho. Lo moya wehla ngoqhoqhoqho wakho, noma ipayipi lomoya, uye emaphashini akho. Uma usemaphashini, umoya uhamba uchungechunge lwezakhiwo eziya ngokuya zincipha ezibizwa ngama-bronchioles. Ekugcineni ifinyelela emasakeni amancane abizwa ngokuthi i-alveoli.

Kusuka ku-alveoli, umoya-mpilo ovela emoyeni owuphefumulayo ungena egazini lakho emithanjeni yegazi eseduze. Le inqubo ebizwa nge-oxygen diffusion. Lapho igazi lakho selinomoya-mpilo, lithwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Olunye uhlobo lokusakazeka lwenzeka lapho igazi eliqukethe isikhutha libuyela emaphashini akho. I-carbon dioxide isuka egazini lakho iye e-alveoli yakho. Ibe isixoshwa ngomphunga. Le yinqubo ebizwa ngokuthi yi-carbon dioxide diffusion.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Lung diffusion kungasetshenziselwa ukuhlaziya ukusakazeka komoya-mpilo kanye ne-carbon dioxide.

Yini injongo yokuhlolwa kwamaphaphu okusabalalisa?

Odokotela ngokujwayelekile basebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwamaphaphu ukusabalalisa abantu abanesifo samaphaphu noma ukusiza ukuthola izifo ezinjalo. Ukuhlola okufanele nokuxilongwa kubalulekile ekuhlinzekeni ukwelashwa okuhle.

Uma ukhombisa izimpawu zesifo samaphaphu, ukuhlolwa kwamaphaphu kungasetshenziswa ukuhlaziya ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kanjani. Futhi, uma uthola ukwelashwa kwesifo samaphaphu, udokotela wakho anga-oda lokhu kuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuqapha ukuqhubeka kwesifo nokuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kahle kangakanani.

Kufanele ngikulungiselele kanjani ukuhlolwa kwamaphaphu?

Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, udokotela wakho angakucela ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo ezithile ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa kwamaphaphu okusabalalisa. Ungacelwa ukuthi:

• gwema ukusebenzisa i-bronchodilator noma eminye imithi ehogelwayo ngaphambi kokuhlolwa
• gwema ukudla inani elikhulu lokudla ngaphambi kokuhlolwa
• gwema ukubhema amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokusabalalisa kwamaphaphu?

Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlolwa kwamaphaphu okusabalalisa kuhilela izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Isikhulumi somlomo sizobekwa sizungeze umlomo wakho. Izolingana kahle. Udokotela wakho uzobeka iziqeshana emakhaleni akho ukukuvimbela ekuphefumuleni ngamakhala akho.
2. Uzodonsa umoya. Lo moya uzoqukatha inani elincane, futhi eliphephile, le-carbon monoxide.
3. Uzobamba lo moya ngokubala okungu-10 noma ngaphezulu.
4. Uzowukhipha ngokushesha umoya owubambe emaphashini akho.
5. Lo moya uzoqoqwa uphinde uhlaziywe.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi ezihambisana nokuhlolwa kokusabalala kwamaphaphu?

Ukuhlolwa kokusabalala kwamaphaphu kuyinqubo ephephe kakhulu futhi eqondile. Ukuhlolwa kokusabalala kwamaphaphu akubandakanyi ubungozi obukhulu. Kuyindlela esheshayo futhi akufanele idale iningi labantu ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki okuphawulekayo.

Cishe, ngeke ube nemiphumela emibi engemihle ngemuva kokuhlolwa.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela yami yokuhlolwa?

Lokhu kuhlolwa kubheka ukuthi uhogela igesi engakanani nokuthi lukhulu kangakanani emoyeni okhipha kulo. Imvamisa, ilebhu izosebenzisa i-carbon monoxide, noma enye igesi "yokulandela umkhondo", ukucacisa amandla amaphaphu akho okusabalalisa amagesi.

Ilebhu izocubungula izinto ezimbili lapho kunqunywa imiphumela yokuhlolwa: Inani lekhabhoni le-carbon monoxide owalihogele ekuqaleni kanye nenani olikhiphile.

Uma kune-carbon monoxide encane kakhulu kusampuli ekhishiwe, kukhombisa ukuthi inani elikhulu legesi lasakazeka emaphashini akho langena egazini lakho. Lesi yisibonakaliso sokusebenza kwamaphaphu okuqinile. Uma inani elikusampuli ezimbili lifana, amandla ahlukene amaphaphu akho anqunyelwe.

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa iyahlukahluka, futhi lokho okubhekwa njengokujwayelekile "kuzohluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Udokotela wakho uzodinga ukubheka izinto eziningana ukunquma ukuthi imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa iphakamisa izinkinga ngomsebenzi wamaphaphu, kufaka phakathi:

• noma ngabe une-emphysema
• noma ngabe uyindoda noma ungowesifazane
• iminyaka yakho
• uhlanga lwakho
• ubude bakho
• inani le-hemoglobin egazini lakho

Ngokuvamile, udokotela wakho uzoqhathanisa ukuthi balindela ukuthi ukhiphe malini i-carbon monoxide nenani le-carbon monoxide oyikhipha empeleni.

Uma ukhipha noma kuphi kusuka kumaphesenti angama-75 kuya kwayi-140 enani abebebikezele ukuthi uzokwenza ngalo, imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa ingathathwa njengokujwayelekile. Uma ukhipha phakathi kwamaphesenti angama-60 kuye kwangama-79 enani elibikezelwe, umsebenzi wakho wamaphaphu ungathathwa njengokuncishiswe kancane. Umphumela wokuhlolwa ongaphansi kwamaphesenti angama-40 uwuphawu lokuncipha okukhulu kwamaphaphu, okunomphumela ongaphansi kwamaphesenti angama-30 okwenza ufaneleke ukuthola izinzuzo zokukhubazeka Kwezenhlalakahle.

Yini ebangela imiphumela yokuhlolwa engajwayelekile?

Uma udokotela wakho enquma ukuthi amaphaphu akho awasabalalisi igesi ezingeni okufanele abe kulo, kungahle kube nezimbangela eziningi. Lezi zimo ezilandelayo zingaholela emiphumeleni engajwayelekile:

• isifuba somoya
• emphysema
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu emithanjeni yamaphaphu
• sarcoidosis, noma ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu
• ukulahleka kwezicubu zamaphaphu noma isibazi esinzima
• umzimba wangaphandle uvimba indlela yomoya
• izinkinga zokugeleza kwegazi
• i-pulmonary embolism (PE), noma umthambo ovinjiwe emaphashini
• ukopha emaphashini

Yikuphi okunye ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wamaphaphu okungenziwa?

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi amaphaphu akho awasebenzi kahle, bangahle ba-ode izivivinyo eziningana ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kokusabalala kwamaphaphu. Olunye uvivinyo olunjalo yi-spirometry. Lokhu kukala inani lomoya owuthathayo nokuthi ungawukhipha ngokushesha okungakanani. Olunye uvivinyo, isilinganiso sevolumu yamaphaphu, sinquma usayizi wamaphaphu namandla akho. Kubizwa nangokuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-lung plethysmography.

Imiphumela ehlanganisiwe yalezi zivivinyo ingasiza udokotela wakho ukuthola ukuthi yini okungalungile nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezingathathwa ukukhulula izimpawu zakho.