Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu

-Delile

• Isifinyezo
• Uyini umdlavuza wamaphaphu?
• Ngubani osengozini yomdlavuza wamaphaphu?
• Ziyini izimpawu zomdlavuza wamaphaphu?
• Utholakala kanjani umdlavuza wamaphaphu?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu?
• Ingabe umdlavuza wamaphaphu ungavinjelwa?

Isifinyezo

Uyini umdlavuza wamaphaphu?

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngumdlavuza owakha izicubu zamaphaphu, imvamisa kumaseli agudla izindinyana zomoya. Kuyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa komdlavuza kwabesilisa nabesifazane.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: umdlavuza omncane wamaphaphu wamangqamuzana nomdlavuza wamangqamuzana ongewona omncane. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zikhula ngokuhlukile futhi ziphathwa ngendlela ehlukile. Umdlavuza wamangqamuzana ongewona omncane uhlobo oluvame kakhulu.

Ngubani osengozini yomdlavuza wamaphaphu?

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu ungathinta noma ngubani, kepha kunezici ezithile eziphakamisa ingozi yokuwuthola:

• Ukubhema. Lesi yisici esibaluleke kakhulu somdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ukubhema ugwayi kubangela cishe amacala ayi-9 kwayi-10 omdlavuza wamaphaphu emadodeni futhi cishe amacala ayi-8 kwayishumi omdlavuza wamaphaphu kwabesifazane. Ukuqala kwakho empilweni uqala ukubhema, ukubhema isikhathi eside, futhi nogwayi owengeziwe ngosuku, iba nkulu ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ingozi ibuye ibe nkulu uma ubhema kakhulu futhi uphuza utshwala nsuku zonke noma uthatha izithasiselo ze-beta carotene. Uma uyekile ukubhema, ubungozi bakho buzokwehla kunalokho ukube ubulokhu ubhema. Kepha usazoba nengozi enkulu kunabantu abangakaze babheme.
• Intuthu kagwayi, okuyinhlanganisela yentuthu ephuma kusikilidi nentuthu ephefumulelwa umuntu obhemayo. Uma uyihogela, uhlaselwa yizinto ezibangela umdlavuza njengabantu ababhemayo, yize kungamanani amancane.
• Umlando womndeni womdlavuza wamaphaphu
• Ukuvezwa ku-asbestos, i-arsenic, i-chromium, i-beryllium, i-nickel, i-soot, noma i-tar emsebenzini
• Ukuvezwa yimisebe, efana nokusuka ku-
  • Ukwelashwa ngemisebe esifubeni noma esifubeni
  • I-Radon ekhaya noma emsebenzini
  • Ukuhlolwa okuthile kwe-imaging njengokuhlolwa kwe-CT
• Ukutheleleka nge-HIV
• Ukungcoliswa komoya

Ziyini izimpawu zomdlavuza wamaphaphu?

Kwesinye isikhathi umdlavuza wamaphaphu awubangeli zimpawu noma zimpawu. Ingatholakala ngesikhathi sesifuba se-x-ray esenzelwe esinye isimo.

Uma unezimpawu, zingafaka

• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungaphatheki kahle
• Ukukhwehlela okungapheli noma kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukuphefumula kanzima
• Ukuqhuma
• Igazi esikhwehleleni (amafinyila akhwehlela aphuma emaphashini)
• Ukungahambi kahle
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla
• Ukwehla kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo
• Ukukhathala
• Inkinga yokugwinya
• Ukuvuvukala ebusweni kanye / noma emithanjeni entanyeni

Utholakala kanjani umdlavuza wamaphaphu?

Ukwenza ukuxilongwa, umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo

• Sizobuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha nomlando womndeni
• Sizokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba
• Cishe uzokwenza izivivinyo zemifanekiso, njenge-x-ray yesifuba noma i-CT CT scan
• Kungenzeka kwenziwe izivivinyo zebhu, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwegazi lakho nesikhwehlela
• Ungenza i-biopsy yephaphu

Uma unomdlavuza wamaphaphu, umhlinzeki wakho uzokwenza ezinye izivivinyo ukuthola ukuthi kusabalale kangakanani ngamaphaphu, ama-lymph node nawo wonke umzimba. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isiteji. Ukwazi uhlobo nesigaba somdlavuza wamaphaphu onawo kusiza umhlinzeki wakho anqume ukuthi hlobo luphi lokwelashwa oludingayo.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu?

Ezigulini eziningi ezinomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ukwelashwa kwamanje akuwulaphi umdlavuza.

Ukwelashwa kwakho kuzoya ngokuthi uluphi uhlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu onawo, ukuthi usakaze kangakanani, impilo yakho yonke, nezinye izinto. Ungathola izinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zokwelashwa.

Izindlela zokwelashwa ze- umdlavuza omncane wamaphaphu weseli faka phakathi

• Ukuhlinzwa
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe
• I-Immunotherapy
• Ukwelashwa nge-Laser, okusebenzisa i-laser beam ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza
• Ukubekwa kwe-Endoscopic stent. I-endoscope iyinsimbi encane, efana nethubhu esetshenziselwa ukubheka izicubu ngaphakathi komzimba. Ingasetshenziselwa ukufaka idivayisi ebizwa nge-stent. I-stent isiza ukuvula i-airway evinjwe izicubu ezingavamile.

Izindlela zokwelashwa ze- umdlavuza wamaphaphu weselula ongewona omncane faka phakathi

• Ukuhlinzwa
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe, okusebenzisa izidakamizwa noma ezinye izinto ezihlasela amangqamuzana athile omdlavuza ngokulimaza okuncane kumaseli ajwayelekile
• I-Immunotherapy
• Ukwelashwa nge-Laser
• I-Photodynamic therapy (PDT), esebenzisa umuthi nohlobo oluthile lwe-laser light ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza
• I-Cryosurgery, esebenzisa ithuluzi lokuqandisa nokubhubhisa izicubu ezingavamile
• I-Electrocautery, ukwelashwa okusebenzisa iphenyo noma inaliti evuthiswa ngamandla kagesi ukubhubhisa izicubu ezingajwayelekile

Ingabe umdlavuza wamaphaphu ungavinjelwa?

Ukugwema izici eziyingozi kungasiza ukuvimbela umdlavuza wamaphaphu:

• Ukuyeka ukubhema. Uma ungabhemi, ungaqali.
• Yehlisa ukutholakala kwakho ezintweni ezinobungozi emsebenzini
• Yehlisa ukutholakala kwakho ku-radon. Ukuhlolwa kweRadon kungakhombisa ukuthi ngabe ikhaya lakho linamazinga aphezulu eradon. Ungathenga ikhithi yokuhlola ngokwakho noma uqashe uchwepheshe ozokwenza isivivinyo.

I-NIH: Isikhungo Somdlavuza Kazwelonke

• Umjaho Wokulwa Nomdlavuza Wamaphaphu: Amathuluzi Okucabanga Asiza Isiguli Ekulweni Nomdlavuza