Isebenza kanjani iMedicare ngemuva kokuthatha umhlalaphansi?

-Delile

• Ngabe iMedicare isebenza kanjani ngemuva kokuthatha umhlalaphansi?
• Kuthiwani uma uqhubeka usebenza?
• Ubhalisa nini
• Ukwenza isabelomali se-Medicare ngemuva kokuthatha umhlalaphansi
• Isebenza kanjani iMedicare nezinye izinhlelo
• Izinhlelo ze-Medicare ngemuva kokuthatha umhlalaphansi
• Ingxenye A
• Ingxenye B
• Izikhathi zokugcina ezibalulekile ze-Medicare
• Ingxenye C (Medicare Advantage)
• Ingxenye D
• I-Medicare Supplement (iMedigap)
• Ukuthatha

• I-Medicare wuhlelo lukahulumeni olukusiza ukuthi ukhokhele ukunakekelwa kwezempilo uma usufinyelele eminyakeni engama-65 noma uma unezimo ezithile zezempilo.
• Awudingi ukubhalisa lapho uhlanganisa iminyaka engama-65 uma uqhubeka nokusebenza noma unokunye ukumbozwa.
• Ukubhalisela ukubambezeleka noma cha kungakongela imali kuma-premium akhokhwa nyangazonke kepha kungabiza kakhulu ngezinhlawulo kamuva.
• Ukuhlela ngaphambi kokuthatha umhlalaphansi kungakusiza ukuthi ugweme ukukhokha ngokweqile ukukhokhelwa kwezempilo ngesikhathi somhlalaphansi.

I-Medicare uhlelo lomshuwalense wezempilo womphakathi olulungele lapho uneminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Lokhu kungaba yiminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansi kwabanye abantu, kepha abanye bakhetha ukuqhubeka nokusebenza ngezizathu eziningi, ezezimali nezomuntu siqu.

Ngokuvamile, ukhokhela i-Medicare ngentela phakathi neminyaka yakho yokusebenza futhi uhulumeni wesifundazwe uthatha isabelo sezindleko. Kepha ezinye izingxenye zohlelo zisaza nemali ekhokhwa nyangazonke nezinye izindleko ezingaphandle kwesikhwama.

Qhubeka ufundele usizo lokunquma ukuthi uzobhalisela nini iMedicare. Sizophinde sibuyekeze ukuthi lokho kungashintsha kanjani uma ukhetha ukuqhubeka usebenza, ukuthi kuzokubiza ini, nokuthi ungakugwema kanjani ukuhlawuliswa uma ubambezela ukubhaliswa.

Ngabe iMedicare isebenza kanjani ngemuva kokuthatha umhlalaphansi?

Iminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansi akuyona inombolo esethwe etsheni. Abanye abantu bangaba nenketho yokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kanti abanye badinga - noma bafuna - ukuqhubeka nokusebenza. Isilinganiso seminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansi e-United States ngo-2016 sasingu-65 kwabesilisa kanye nama-63 kwabesifazane.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlela nini ukuthatha umhlalaphansi, i-Medicare ikhethe iminyaka engama-65 njengesiqalo sezinzuzo zakho zezempilo. I-Medicare ayiphoqelekile ngokomthetho, kepha ungahlangabezana nezindleko ezinkulu uma wenqaba ukubhalisa. Ungahle ubhekane nezindleko ezengeziwe nezinhlawulo uma uthatha isinqumo sokubhaliswa kokubambezeleka.

Uma ukhetha ukuthatha umhlalaphansi ngaphambi kwesikhathi, uzoba wedwa ukuze uthole ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngaphandle uma unezinkinga ezithile zezempilo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, welulekwa ukuthi ubhalisele izinhlelo ze-Medicare ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi noma ngemuva kosuku lwakho lokuzalwa lwama-65. Kunemithetho ethile nezikhathi zokugcina zezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zeMedicare, ezichazwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ku-athikili.

Uma uqhubeka usebenza ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-65, kusebenza imithetho ehlukile. Ukuthi uzobhalisa kanjani futhi nini kuzoya ngokuthi unhloboni yomshwalense onayo ngomqashi wakho.

Kuthiwani uma uqhubeka usebenza?

Uma uthatha isinqumo - noma udinga - ukuqhubeka usebenza ngemuva kokufika eminyakeni yobudala yokuthatha umhlalaphansi, izinketho zakho zokuthi uzobhalisela kanjani futhi nini i-Medicare zingahluka.

Uma uthola ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuvela kumqashi wakho, ungaqhubeka nokusebenzisa lowo mshuwalense wezempilo. Ngoba ukhokhela i-Medicare Part A ngentela kuyo yonke iminyaka yakho yokusebenza, abantu abaningi abakhokhi imali ekhokhwa nyangazonke uma ukutholakala kwabo kuqala.

Imvamisa ubhaliswa ngokuzenzakalela kusigaba A lapho uba neminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Uma ungekho, akubizi lutho ukubhalisa. Uma unomshuwalense wokulaliswa esibhedlela ngomqashi wakho, khona-ke iMedicare ingasebenza njengomkhokhi wesibili wezindleko ezingakhokhelwa ngaphansi kohlelo lomshuwalense womqashi wakho.

Ezinye izingxenye zeMedicare zinezikhathi ezithile zokubhalisa - nezinhlawulo uma ungabhalisi ngalezo zinsuku. Uma unecebo lomshuwalense ngomqashi wakho ngoba usasebenza, ungafaneleka ukubhalisa sekwephuzile ngaphansi kwesikhathi esikhethekile sokubhalisa futhi uvikele noma yiziphi izinhlawulo.

Xoxa ngezinhlelo zakho zokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngaphambi kosuku lwakho lokuthatha umhlalaphansi nomphathi wezinzuzo emsebenzini wakho ukuze unqume kahle ukuthi ungabhalisela nini iMedicare. Bangakunika nezeluleko zokuthi ungazigwema kanjani izinhlawulo noma izindleko ezengeziwe ze-premium.

Ubhalisa nini

Uma ukhetha ukubhalisa kwi-Medicare kuya ngezici ezithile.

• Uma usuvele uthathe umhlalaphansi futhi usondela eminyakeni yakho yokuzalwa engama-65, kufanele uhlele ukubhalisela i-Medicare ngokushesha lapho usufanelekile ukugwema izinhlawulo zokubhaliswa sekwedlule isikhathi.
• Uma usasebenza futhi unomshuwalense ngomqashi wakho, usengakhetha ukubamba iqhaza kuNgxenye A ngoba kungenzeka ungadingi ukukhokha imali ekhokhelwayo. Kodwa-ke, ungafuna ukulinda ukuze ubhalisele ezinye izinhlelo ze-Medicare ezingakukhokhisa imali ekhokhwa njalo ngenyanga kanye nama-premium.
• Abantu abaqhubeka besebenza futhi benomshuwalense wezempilo ngomqashi wabo, noma abanomlingani osebenzayo onomshuwalense wezempilo, bavame ukuthola izinkathi ezikhethekile zokubhalisa futhi bangagwema ukukhokha izinhlawulo zokubhaliswa sekwedlule isikhathi.
• Noma ngabe unomshuwalense ngohlelo lomqashi, ungahle uthande ukucabanga ngokuqala ukumbozwa kweMedicare ngoba kungakhokhela izindleko ezingakhokhelwe ngohlelo lwakho oluyinhloko.

Lapho umsebenzi wakho womshuwalense (noma womlingani wakho) noma umshuwalense usuphelile, unezinyanga eziyi-8 zokubhalisela i-Medicare uma ukhethe ukubambezela ukubhaliswa.

Ukugwema izinhlawulo zokubhaliswa sekwedlule isikhathi, kuphela ukubambezeleka ukubhalisa ku-Medicare uma uzokwazi ukuthola isikhathi esikhethekile sokubhalisa. Uma ungafaneleki, inhlawulo yakho yokubhaliswa sekwedlule isikhathi izohlala isikhathi sokutholakala kwakho kwe-Medicare.

Ukwenza isabelomali se-Medicare ngemuva kokuthatha umhlalaphansi

Iningi labantu alikhokhi imali ekhokhwa nyangazonke yengxenye A, kodwa kusazodingeka uhlele ukukhokha ingxenye yezindleko zakho zokunakekelwa kweziguli uma ungeniswa esibhedlela ukuze unakekelwe.

Ezinye izingxenye zeMedicare, njengeNgxenye B, nazo ziza nezindleko ezingangeza. Uzodinga ukukhokha amaprimiyamu nyangazonke, ama-copayment, ama-coinsurance, kanye nemali ekhishwayo. Ngo-2016, isilinganiso sababhalisi beMedicare bakhokha u- $ 5,460 njalo ngonyaka ngezindleko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ngokusho kweKaiser Family Foundation. Kuleyo mali, u- $ 4,519 waya kumaphrimiyamu kanye nezinsizakalo zezempilo.

Ungakhokhela ama-premium nezinye izindleko ze-Medicare ngezindlela eziningana. Ngenkathi ungabhajetha futhi ulondolozele ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kukho konke ukuphila kwakho, ezinye izinhlelo zingasiza:

• Ukukhokha nge-Social Security. Ungathola ukuthi amaprimiyamu akho e-Medicare adonswe ngqo ezinzuzweni zakho ze-Social Security. Futhi, ukuvikelwa okuthile kungagcina ukukhuphuka kwephrimiyamu yakho kungadluli izindleko zakho zokwenyuka kokuphila kusuka ekuPhepheni Komphakathi. Lokhu kwaziwa njengokunikezwa okungenabungozi, futhi kungakongela imali unyaka nonyaka kuma-premium akho.
• Izinhlelo Zokulondolozwa Kwemithi. Lezi zinhlelo zombuso zisebenzisa ama-Medicaid dollars nenye imali ukukusiza ukhokhele izindleko zakho ze-Medicare.
• Usizo Olungeziwe. Uhlelo Olungaphezulu Losizo lunikeza usizo olwengeziwe lokukhokhela imishanguzo kadokotela ngaphansi kwengxenye D.
• Ungalibali ukubhalisa kwakho. Ukuze ulondoloze imali eningi ezindlekweni zakho ze-Medicare, qiniseka ukuthi ufanelekela isikhathi esikhethekile sokubhalisa ngaphambi kokubambezeleka ukubhalisa.

Isebenza kanjani iMedicare nezinye izinhlelo

Uma wena noma oshade naye niqhubeka nisebenza, noma ninothathe umhlalaphansi noma uhlelo lomshwalense wezempilo oziholayo, ungakusebenzisa kanye nenzuzo yakho ye-Medicare. Uhlelo lwakho lweqembu kanye neMedicare luzocacisa ukuthi ngubani okhokhela imali yokuqala nokuthi ngubani okhokha okwesibili. Imithetho yokumboza ingahluka ngokuya ngamalungiselelo enziwe okhokhayo nemikhawulo yohlelo lwakho ngazinye.

Uma unohlelo lomshuwalense olususelwa kumqashi futhi ubhalise nakwiMedicare, umhlinzeki wakho womshuwalense wangasese noma weqembu imvamisa uyena okhokha ngokuyinhloko. I-Medicare ibe iba ngumkhokhi wesibili, okuhlanganisa izindleko olunye uhlelo olungakhokhi. Kepha ukuthi une-Medicare njengomkhokhi wesibili akusho ukuthi kuzokhokha zonke izindleko zakho ezisele zokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Uma usuthathe umhlalaphansi kepha unemininingwane ngohlelo lomhlalaphansi oluvela kumqashi wakho wangaphambili, khona-ke iMedicare imvamisa isebenza njengomkhokhi oyinhloko. I-Medicare izokhokha izindleko zakho ezimboziwe kuqala, bese uhlelo lwakho lokuthatha umhlalaphansi luzokhokha lokho elikufakayo.

Izinhlelo ze-Medicare ngemuva kokuthatha umhlalaphansi

Izinhlelo ze-Medicare zingasiza ukumboza izidingo zakho zokunakekelwa kwezempilo phakathi neminyaka yakho yokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Azikho kulezi zinhlelo eziphoqelekile, kepha ukuphuma kungaba nemiphumela ebalulekile. Futhi noma ngabe kuyizinketho, ukubhaliswa sekwedlule isikhathi kungakubiza.

Ingxenye A

Ingxenye A yingxenye yeMedicare ehlanganisa izindleko zakho zokunakekelwa kweziguli kanye nezindleko zokulaliswa esibhedlela. Abantu abaningi bafanelekela i-Part A ngaphandle kwe-premium yanyanga zonke, kepha ezinye izindleko ezinjengama-copayments nama-deductibles zisasebenza.

Ukubhaliswa esigabeni A kuvamise ukuzenzakalela, kepha kwezinye izimo, kungadingeka ukuthi uzibhalise. Uma ufanelekile futhi ungabhaliswanga ngokuzenzakalela, ukubhalisela Ingxenye A sekwedlule isikhathi kuzokubiza amaphesenti ayi-10 engeziwe we-premium yakho yanyanga zonke ephindwe kabili kunenani lezinyanga olibazise ngazo ukubhalisa.

Ingxenye B

Le yingxenye yeMedicare ekhokhela izinsizakalo zeziguli ezifana nokuvakashelwa nodokotela wakho. Ukubhaliswa kokuqala kwe-Medicare Part B kufanele kwenzeke ezinyangeni ezi-3 ngaphambi noma ngemuva kosuku lwakho lokuzalwa lwama-65.

Ungakuhlehlisa ukubhaliswa uma ukhetha ukuqhubeka nokusebenza noma unokunye ukumbozwa, futhi ungakwazi ukugwema izinhlawulo uma ufanelekela isikhathi esikhethekile sokubhalisa. Kukhona nezikhathi zokubhaliswa okujwayelekile nezikhathi zokubhalisa ezivulekile zeMedicare Part B.

Uma ubhalisela isikhathi sekwephuzile engxenyeni B futhi ungafaneleki isikhathi sokubhalisa esikhethekile, i-premium yakho izokwenyuka ngamaphesenti ayi-10 esikhathini ngasinye sezinyanga eziyi-12 obengenakho ukumbozwa kweNgxenye B. Lesi sijeziso sengezwa ku-premium yakho yengxenye B ngesikhathi sokutholakala kwakho kwe-Medicare Part B.

Izikhathi zokugcina ezibalulekile ze-Medicare

• Ukubhaliswa kokuqala. Ungathola i-Medicare njengoba usondela osukwini lwakho lokuzalwa lwama-65. Ukubhaliswa kokuqala yisikhathi sezinyanga eziyi-7 esiqala ezinyangeni ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba ube neminyaka engama-65 ubudala futhi uphele ezinyangeni ezintathu ngemuva kwalokho. Uma usebenza njengamanje, ungathola iMedicare esikhathini esiyizinyanga eziyi-8 ngemuva kokuthatha umhlalaphansi noma ngemuva kokukhetha ukuphuma kuhlelo lomshuwalense wezempilo weqembu lomqashi wakho futhi usagwema izinhlawulo. Ungabhalisa futhi ohlelweni lweMedigap nganoma yisiphi isikhathi phakathi nenyanga eyisithupha eqala ngosuku lwakho lokuzalwa lwama-65.
• Ukubhaliswa okujwayelekile. Kulabo abaphuthelwa ukubhaliswa kokuqala, kusenesikhathi sokubhalisela iMedicare kusuka ngoJanuwari 1 kuya kuMashi 31 unyaka nonyaka. Kepha ungakhokhiswa inhlawulo eqhubekayo yokubhalisa emuva kwesikhathi uma ukhetha le nketho. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungashintsha noma uphonsa uhlelo lwakho olukhona lweMedicare noma ungeze uhlelo lweMedigap.
• Vula ukubhaliswa. Ungashintsha uhlelo lwakho lwamanje nganoma yisiphi isikhathi kusuka ngo-Okthoba 15 kuya kuDisemba 7 minyaka yonke.
• Ukubhaliswa kwezengezo ze-Medicare. Kusukela ngo-Ephreli 1 kuya kuJuni 30 ungangeza ukumbozwa kwezidakamizwa okuyi-Medicare Part D kumuthi wakho wamanje weMedare.
• Ukubhaliswa okukhethekile. Uma unomcimbi ofanelekayo, kufaka phakathi ukulahleka kokutholakala kwezempilo, ukuthuthela endaweni ehlukile, noma isehlukaniso, ungafaneleka ukubhalisa kwi-Medicare ngaphandle kwenhlawulo izinyanga eziyi-8 kulandela lo mcimbi.

Ingxenye C (Medicare Advantage)

I-Medicare Part C ingumkhiqizo wangasese womshuwalense ohlanganisa zonke izinto zezingxenye A no-B, kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokuzikhethela ezifana neNgxenye D. ukhokhiswa ukubhaliswa sekwedlule isikhathi ezingxenyeni A noma B ngawodwana angafaka isicelo.

Ingxenye D

I-Medicare Part D iyinzuzo yomuthi kadokotela enikezwa yi-Medicare. Isikhathi sokuqala sokubhaliswa kwe-Medicare Part D siyefana nezinye izingxenye ze-Medicare.

Lolu wuhlelo lokuzikhethela, kodwa kusekhona inhlawulo uma ungabhalisi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zosuku lwakho lokuzalwa lwama-65. Lesi sijeziso singu-1% wezindleko eziphakathi nenyanga zenyanga kadokotela, ziphindaphindwe ngenani lezinyanga ongabhaliswanga ngazo ngemuva kokuthi uqale ukufanelekela. Lesi sijeziso asipheli futhi sengezwa ku-premium yakho inyanga ngayinye isikhathi sokumbozwa kwakho.

I-Medicare Supplement (iMedigap)

I-Medicare Supplement, noma iMedigap, izinhlelo ziyimikhiqizo yomshwalense yangasese ongayikhetha esiza ukukhokhela izindleko zeMedicare ovame ukuzikhokha ephaketheni. Lezi zinhlelo ziyakhethwa futhi azikho izinhlawulo ngokungabhalisi; kodwa-ke, uzothola intengo enhle kulezi zinhlelo uma ubhalisa ngesikhathi sokuqala sokubhalisa esisebenza izinyanga eziyi-6 ngemuva kokuthi ube neminyaka engama-65 ubudala.

Ukuthatha

• Uhulumeni wesifundazwe usiza ukuxhasa izindleko zakho zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zeMedicare ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-65.
• Uma uqhubeka usebenza, ungabambezela ukubhaliswa kulezi zinhlelo noma ukhokhele ukunakekelwa kwakho kwezempilo ngokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlelo zomphakathi nezangasese noma ezenzelwe umqashi.
• Ngisho nalezi zinhlelo, ungahle ubhekane nesabelo sezindleko zakho zokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
• Hlela kusengaphambili ukunakekelwa kwezempilo lapho uthatha umhlalaphansi ukuze ugweme izindleko eziphakeme noma izinhlawulo zokubhaliswa sekwedlule isikhathi, ikakhulukazi njengoba zisebenza ezinhlelweni ze-Medicare.

Imininingwane ekule webhusayithi ingakusiza ekwenzeni izinqumo eziphathelene nomshuwalense, kepha ayihloselwe ukunikeza iseluleko maqondana nokuthengwa noma ukusetshenziswa kwanoma imuphi umshwalense noma imikhiqizo yomshuwalense. IHealthline Media ayisebenzisi ibhizinisi lomshwalense nganoma iyiphi indlela futhi ayinamalayisensi njengenkampani yomshuwalense noma umkhiqizi kunoma yiliphi iU.S.Amandla. I-Healthline Media ayincomi noma ivumele noma yiziphi izinkampani zangaphandle ezingase zenze ibhizinisi lomshwalense.