I-Megaloblastic Anemia

-Delile

• Izimbangela ze-Megaloblastic Anemia
• Ukushoda kukaVitamin B-12
• Ukushoda Kwamafilimu
• Ziyini Izimpawu Ze-Megaloblastic Anemia?
• Ukuhlonza i-Megaloblastic Anemia
• Yelashwa Kanjani i-Megaloblastic Anemia?
• Ukushoda kukaVitamin B-12
• Ukushoda Kwamafilimu
• Ukuhlala neMegaloblastic Anemia
• Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-anemia
• Q:
• A:

Kuyini i-Megaloblastic Anemia?

I-megaloblastic anemia uhlobo lwe-anemia, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi lapho inani lamaseli abomvu lingaphansi kunokujwayelekile. Amaseli abomvu egazi athutha umoya-mpilo emzimbeni. Lapho umzimba wakho ungenawo amangqamuzana egazi abomvu anele, izicubu zakho nezitho zakho azitholi umoya-mpilo owenele.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-anemia ezinezimbangela nezici ezahlukahlukene. I-Megaloblastic anemia ibonakala ngamaseli abomvu egazi amakhulu kunokwejwayelekile. Futhi azenele ngazo. Kuyaziwa ngokuthi i-vitamin B-12 noma i-folate deficiency anemia, noma i-macrocytic anemia, futhi.

I-megaloblastic anemia ibangelwa lapho amangqamuzana abomvu egazi engakhiqizi kahle. Ngoba amaseli makhulu kakhulu, angahle angakwazi ukuphuma emnkantsheni wethambo ukuze angene egazini futhi ahambise umoya-mpilo.

Izimbangela ze-Megaloblastic Anemia

Izimbangela ezimbili ezivame kakhulu ze-megaloblastic anemia ukusilela kwe-vitamin B-12 noma i-folate. Lezi zakhi ezimbili zomzimba ziyadingeka ekukhiqizeni amangqamuzana egazi abomvu anempilo. Uma ungazitholi ngokwanele, kuthinta ukwakheka kwamaseli akho abomvu egazi. Lokhu kuholela kumaseli angahlukani futhi akhiqize ngendlela okufanele enze ngayo.

Ukushoda kukaVitamin B-12

UVitamin B-12 yisakhi esitholakala kokunye ukudla okufana nenyama, inhlanzi, amaqanda nobisi. Abanye abantu abakwazi ukumunca u-vitamin B-12 owanele ekudleni kwabo, okuholela ekubeni ne-megaloblastic anemia. I-Megaloblastic anemia ebangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin B-12 ibizwa ngokuthi yi-anemia eyingozi.

Ukushoda kukavithamini B-12 kuvame ukubangelwa ukungabikho kweprotheni esiswini ebizwa nge- “intrinsic factor.” Ngaphandle kwesici sangaphakathi, uvithamini B-12 awunakumuncwa, noma ngabe udla kangakanani. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthuthukisa i-anemia eyingozi ngoba akukho vithamini B-12 owanele ekudleni kwakho.

Ukushoda Kwamafilimu

I-Folate ngesinye isakhi somzimba esibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwamaseli abomvu anempilo. I-Folate itholakala ekudleni okufana nesibindi senkomo, isipinashi namahlumela aseBrussels. I-Folate ivame ukuxubaniswa ne-folic acid - ngobuchwepheshe, i-folic acid iyindlela yokufakelwa, etholakala kuma-supplements. Ungathola futhi i-folic acid kokudla okusanhlamvu okuqinile nokudla.

Ukudla kwakho kuyisici esibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi unolwazi olwanele. Ukushoda komuntu kungadalwa nawukusebenzisa kabi utshwala okungapheli, ngoba utshwala buphazamisa amandla omzimba okuthola i-folic acid. Abesifazane abakhulelwe banamathuba amaningi okushoda, ngoba amanani aphezulu e-folate adingwa yimbungu ekhulayo.

Ziyini Izimpawu Ze-Megaloblastic Anemia?

Uphawu oluvame kakhulu lwe-megaloblastic anemia ukukhathala. Izimpawu zingahluka kuye ngomuntu. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zifaka:

• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• ukuphaphatheka okungajwayelekile kwesikhumba
• i-glossitis (ulimi oluvuvukile)
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla / ukuncipha komzimba
• isifo sohudo
• isicanucanu
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• ulimi olubushelelezi noma oluthambile
• ukuluma ezandleni nasezinyaweni
• ukuba ndikindiki emaphethelweni

Ukuhlonza i-Megaloblastic Anemia

Olunye uvivinyo olusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga izinhlobo eziningi ze-anemia ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (CBC). Lokhu kuhlolwa kukala izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zegazi lakho. Udokotela wakho angahlola inombolo nokubukeka kwamaseli akho abomvu egazi. Zizobonakala zikhudlwana futhi zingathuthuki uma une-megaloblastic anemia. Udokotela wakho uzobuye aqoqe umlando wakho wezokwelapha futhi enze ukuhlolwa komzimba ukukhipha ezinye izimbangela zezimpawu zakho.

Udokotela wakho uzodinga ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningi ukuthola ukuthi ukushoda kwamavithamini kubangela i-anemia yakho. Lezi zivivinyo zizobasiza futhi ukuthi bazi ukuthi ngabe uvithamini B-12 noma ukushoda kwe-folate okudala isimo.

Olunye uvivinyo udokotela wakho angalusebenzisa ukukusiza ukukuhlola ukuthi luhlolo lukaSchilling. Ukuhlolwa kweSchilling ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuhlola ikhono lakho lokuthola uvithamini B-12. Ngemuva kokuthatha isithasiselo esincane se-vitamin B-12 enemisebe, uzoqoqa isampula yomchamo ukuze uhlaziye udokotela wakho. Ngemuva kwalokho uzothatha isengezo esifanayo esinemisebe ehlangene neprotheyini "yangaphakathi" edingwa umzimba wakho ukuze ikwazi ukuthola uvithamini B-12. Ngemuva kwalokho uzohlinzeka ngesinye isampula somchamo ukuze uqhathaniswe nesokuqala.

Kuwuphawu lokuthi awukhiqizi isici sakho esingaphakathi uma amasampula omchamo ekhombisa ukuthi umunce i-B-12 kuphela ngemuva kokuyidla kanye ne-intrinsic factor. Lokhu kusho ukuthi awukwazi ukuncela uvithamini B-12 ngokwemvelo.

Yelashwa Kanjani i-Megaloblastic Anemia?

Ukuthi wena nodokotela wakho nithatha kanjani ukwelapha i-megaloblastic anemia kuya ngokuthi kubangelwa yini. Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa lungancika nakwiminyaka yakho nempilo yonke kanye nempendulo yakho ekwelashweni nokuthi sinzima kangakanani lesi sifo. Ukwelashwa ukuphatha i-anemia kuvame ukuqhubeka.

Ukushoda kukaVitamin B-12

Endabeni ye-megaloblastic anemia ebangelwa ukuntuleka kukavithamini B-12, ungadinga imijovo yanyanga zonke kavithamini B-12. Izithako zomlomo nazo zinganikezwa. Ukungeza ukudla okwengeziwe ngevithamini B-12 ekudleni kwakho kungasiza. Ukudla okune-vitamin B-12 kuzo kufaka:

• amaqanda
• inyama yenkukhu
• okusanhlamvu okuqinisiwe (ikakhulukazi i-bran)
• inyama ebomvu (ikakhulukazi inyama yenkomo)
• ubisi
• izimbaza

Abanye abantu banokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kuhlobo lwe-MTHFR (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase). Lesi sakhi se-MTHFR sinesibopho sokuguqulwa kwamavithamini athile we-B, kufaka phakathi i-B-12 ne-folate, abe amafomu wawo asetshenziswayo emzimbeni. Abantu abanezinguquko ze-MTHFR banconywa ukuthi bathathe i-methylcobalamin eyengeziwe. Ukudla okuvamile kokudla okunevithamini B-12, amavithamini, noma ukuqiniswa akunakwenzeka ukuthi kuvimbele ukuntuleka noma imiphumela yako yezempilo kulabo abanokushintshwa kwezakhi zofuzo.

Ukushoda Kwamafilimu

I-megaloblastic anemia ebangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-folate ingaphathwa ngezithako zomlomo noma zomjovo we-folic acid. Izinguquko zokudla zisiza ukukhulisa amazinga we-folate. Ukudla okufanele kufakwe ekudleni kwakho kufaka:

• amawolintshi
• imifino eluhlaza
• amakinati
• udali
• izinhlamvu ezicebile

Njengaku-vitamin B-12, abantu abane-MTHFR mutation bayakhuthazwa ukuthi bathathe i-methylfolate ukuvikela ukushoda kwe-folate kanye nezingozi zayo.

Ukuhlala neMegaloblastic Anemia

Esikhathini esidlule, i-megaloblastic anemia kwakunzima ukuyelapha. Namuhla, abantu abane-megaloblastic anemia ngenxa ye-vitamin B-12 noma ukushoda kwe-folate bangakwazi ukuphatha izimpawu zabo futhi bazizwe bengcono ngokwelashwa okuqhubekayo kanye nezithasiselo zomsoco.

Ukushoda kukavithamini B-12 kungaholela kwezinye izinkinga. Lokhu kungafaka ukulimala kwezinzwa, izinkinga zemizwa, nezinkinga zomgudu wokugaya ukudla. Lezi zinkinga zingaguqulwa uma uthola ukuthi welashwa futhi welashwa kusenesikhathi. Ukuhlolwa kofuzo kuyatholakala ukunquma ukuthi unakho yini ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kwe-MTHFR. Abantu abane-anemia eyingozi nabo bangaba sengozini enkulu yokuba buthakathaka kwamathambo nomdlavuza wesisu. Ngalezi zizathu, kubalulekile ukubamba i-megaloblastic anemia kusenesikhathi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu zokushoda kwegazi ukuze wena nodokotela wakho nikwazi ukuza nohlelo lokwelashwa futhi nisize ukuvimbela noma yimuphi umonakalo onomphela.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-anemia

Q:

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-macrocytic anemia ne-microcytic anemia?

A:

I-anemia yigama lama-hemoglobin aphansi noma amaseli abomvu egazi. I-anemia ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngevolumu yamaseli abomvu egazi. I-Macrocytic anemia isho ukuthi amaseli abomvu egazi makhulu kunokujwayelekile. Ku-anemia ye-microcytic, amaseli mancane kunokujwayelekile. Sisebenzisa lesi sigaba ngoba sisisiza ukuthola imbangela yokushoda kwegazi.

Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu ze-macrocytic anemia yi-vitamin B-12 nokuntuleka kwe-folate. I-anemia ekhathazayo uhlobo lwe-macrocytic anemia ngenxa yomzimba ongakwazi ukuncela uvithamini B-12. Abantu asebekhulile, ama-vegans, kanye nezidakwa ziyizisulu zokuhlaselwa i-macrocytic anemia.

Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-microcytic anemia i-iron-defence anemia, imvamisa ngenxa yokungadli kahle ekudleni noma ukulahleka kwegazi, njengokulahleka kwegazi kokuya esikhathini noma ngomgudu wamathumbu. Ukukhulelwa, abesifazane abasesikhathini, izinsana, nalabo abanokudla okungaphansi kwensimbi bangaba nethuba elandayo lokuthola i-microcytic anemia. Ezinye izimbangela ze-microcytic anemia zibandakanya ukukhubazeka ekukhiqizeni i-hemoglobin njengesifo se-sickle cell, i-thalassemia, ne-sideroblastic anemia.