Ungasabalalisa Kanjani Umdlavuza Wesibindi: Okudingeka Ukwazi

-Delile

• Usakazeka kanjani umdlavuza wesibindi?
• Zisho ukuthini izigaba zomdlavuza wesibindi?
• Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesigaba somtholampilo nesigaba se-pathologic?
• Yiziphi izivivinyo ezingabonisa uma umdlavuza wesibindi usakazeka?

Umbono wakho nezinketho zokwelashwa komdlavuza wesibindi zincike ezicini ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zisabalale kangakanani.

Funda ukuthi umdlavuza wesibindi usakazeka kanjani, izivivinyo ezisetshenziselwa ukunquma lokhu, nokuthi isigaba ngasinye sisho ukuthini.

Usakazeka kanjani umdlavuza wesibindi?

Amaseli emizimbeni yethu anesistimu elawulwayo yokukhula nokwehlukana. Kwakhiwa amangqamuzana amasha azothatha indawo yamaseli amadala njengoba efa. Ukulimala kwe-DNA ngezikhathi ezithile kubangela ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli okungavamile. Kepha amasosha ethu omzimba enza umsebenzi omuhle wokuzigcina zilawulwa. Luhlelo olusikhonza kahle.

Amaseli womdlavuza awalandeli le mithetho. Ingxenye yokungajwayelekile kwabo ukuthi bayaqhubeka nokuzala yize amaseli amadala engafi.

Lokhu kukhula okungalawuleki kwamaseli angajwayelekile yilokho okwakha isimila. Futhi ngoba baqhubeka nokuzala kabusha, bangakwazi ukusabalalisa (basakaze) endaweni yangakini nasezindaweni ezikude.

Umdlavuza wesibindi, njengezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, ungasakazeka ngezindlela ezintathu.

• Ngezicubu. Amaseli womdlavuza aqhamuka esihlahleni sokuqala esibindini bese enza izicubu ezintsha ezicutshini eziseduze.
• Kuhlelo lwe-lymph. Amaseli womdlavuza angena kuma-lymph node aseduze. Kanye ohlelweni lwe-lymph, amangqamuzana omdlavuza angahanjiswa ayiswe kwezinye izindawo zomzimba.
• Ngohlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi. Amaseli womdlavuza angena egazini, eliwathwala emzimbeni wonke. Noma yikuphi lapho kuhamba khona, bangasungula izicubu ezintsha futhi baqhubeke nokukhula nokusabalala.

Akunandaba ukuthi izicubu zakho ze-metastatic zakhiwa kuphi, kusengumdlavuza wesibindi futhi uzophathwa kanjalo.

Zisho ukuthini izigaba zomdlavuza wesibindi?

Azikho izivivinyo zokuhlola umdlavuza wesibindi. Ngoba akuhlali kubangela izimpawu noma izimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala, izicubu zesibindi zingakhula zibe nkulu ngaphambi kokutholakala.

Umdlavuza wesibindi uhlelwe kusetshenziswa uhlelo lwe- “TNM”:

• I-T (isimila) ikhombisa ubukhulu besimila sokuqala.
• I-N (node) ichaza ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node.
• I-M (metastasis) imele ukuthi umdlavuza ususebenze kangakanani nokuthi kude kangakanani.

Lapho nje lezi zinto sezaziwa, udokotela wakho anganikeza umdlavuza isigaba kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-4, kanti isigaba 4 sibe esithuthuke kakhulu. Lezi zigaba zingakunika umbono ojwayelekile wokuthi yini ongayilindela.

Uma kukhulunywa ngokwelashwa, kwesinye isikhathi odokotela bahlukanisa umdlavuza wesibindi ngokuya ngokuthi ungasuswa yini ngokuhlinzwa:

• Kungenzeka kuthengiswe kabusha noma kufakelwe kabusha. Umdlavuza ungasuswa ngokuphelele ekuhlinzweni, noma ungumuntu ofanelekayo wokufakelwa isibindi.
• Akuphindaphindwe. Umdlavuza awusabalalanga ngaphandle kwesibindi, kodwa nawo awunakususwa ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba umdlavuza utholakala kuso sonke isibindi noma usondele kakhulu emithanjeni, emithanjeni, noma kwezinye izakhiwo ezibalulekile ezinjengemibhobho yenyongo.
• Ayisebenzi ngesifo sendawo kuphela. Umdlavuza mncane futhi awusakazekanga, kepha awuyena umuntu onelungelo lokuhlinzwa isibindi. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukuthi isibindi sakho asiphilile ngokwanele noma ngenxa yokuthi unezinye izinkinga zempilo ezingenza ukuhlinzwa kube yingozi kakhulu.
• Kuthuthukile. Umdlavuza usabalale wedlula isibindi ungene ohlelweni lwe-lymph noma kwezinye izitho. Akusebenzi.

Umdlavuza ophindaphindiwe wesibindi ngumdlavuza obuyile ngemuva kokuqeda ukwelashwa.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesigaba somtholampilo nesigaba se-pathologic?

Ukuhlolwa komzimba, ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kanye ne-biopsy konke kungasetshenziselwa ukwenza umdlavuza wesibindi. Lesi sigaba sibizwa ngokuthi isigaba somtholampilo, futhi kuyasiza ekukhetheni uhlobo olufanele lwezokwelapha.

Isigaba sokugula sinembe kakhudlwana kunesigaba somtholampilo. Kunganqunywa kuphela ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Ngesikhathi senqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo angabona ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini umdlavuza ongaphezu kwalokho obonwayo ekuhlolweni kwe-imaging. Ama-lymph node aseduze nawo angahlolwa amaseli womdlavuza ukunikeza isithombe esiphelele ngokwengeziwe. Isigaba se-pathologic singahle noma singafani nesigaba somtholampilo.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezingabonisa uma umdlavuza wesibindi usakazeka?

Lapho usuthole ukuthi unomdlavuza wesibindi, udokotela wakho uzozama ukuthola isigaba, esizokwazisa ukuthi sithuthuke kangakanani.

Ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho nemiphumela yokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, udokotela wakho uzokhetha izivivinyo ezifanele zokucabanga ukuze athole izimila ezingeziwe. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• i-computed tomography scan (i-CT scan, ngaphambili ebizwa ngokuthi ukuskena kwe-CAT)
• i-magnetic resonance imaging (i-MRI scan)
• I-positron emission tomography (i-PET scan)
• Ama-X-ray
• i-ultrasound
• i-biopsy ye-tumor, engasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi umdlavuza unolaka kangakanani nokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi usabalale ngokushesha

Uma usuqede ukwelashwa, lezi zivivinyo zingasetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukuphindeka.