Yini i-myelogram, yenzelwa ini futhi yenziwa kanjani?

-Delile

• Yenzelwe ini
• Kwenziwa kanjani
• Izingozi ezingaba khona

I-myelogram, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-bone marrow aspiration, ukuhlolwa okuhlose ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza komnkantsha wamathambo kusukela ekuhlaziyweni kwamangqamuzana egazi akhiqiziwe. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kuhlolwa kucelwa ngudokotela lapho kukhona ukusola kwezifo ezingaphazamisa lo mkhiqizo, njenge-leukemia, i-lymphoma noma i-myeloma, isibonelo.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kudinga ukwenziwa ngenaliti ejiyile, ekwazi ukufinyelela engxenyeni yangaphakathi yethambo lapho kutholakala khona umnkantsha, owaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi umnkantsha, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukwenza i-anesthesia encane yasendaweni ukunciphisa izinhlungu nokungahambi kahle ngesikhathi inqubo.

Ngemuva kokuqoqa okokusebenza, i-hematologist noma i-pathologist izohlaziya isampula yegazi, bese ikhomba ushintsho olungaba khona, njengokuncipha kokukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi, ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli anamaphutha noma anomdlavuza, ngokwesibonelo.

Yenzelwe ini

I-myelogram ivame ukucelwa ngemuva kwezinguquko esibalweni segazi, lapho kutholakala khona amangqamuzana egazi ambalwa noma amanani amakhulu amangqamuzana angavuthiwe, ngokwesibonelo, akhombisa ushintsho emnkantsheni wethambo. Ngakho-ke, i-myelogram iyacelwa ukuze iphenye imbangela yenguquko, futhi ingakhonjiswa udokotela kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Ukuphenywa kwe-anemia engachazwanga, noma ukunciphisa inani lamaseli amhlophe egazi nama-platelets lapho izimbangela zingakhonjwanga ezivivinyweni zokuqala;
• Ucwaningo lwezimbangela zezinguquko ekusebenzeni noma ekubunjweni kwamaseli egazi;
• Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza we-hematological, njenge-leukemia noma i-myeloma eminingi, phakathi kokunye, kanye nokuqapha ukuvela noma ukwelashwa, lapho sekuqinisekisiwe;
• I-metastasis esolwayo yomdlavuza onzima emnkantsheni wethambo;
• Ukuphenywa komkhuhlane wesizathu esingaziwa, noma ngabe sekuhlolwe kaningana;
• Kusolwa ukungena komnkantsha ngezinto ezifana ne-iron, esimweni se-hemochromatosis, noma izifo, njenge-visceral leishmaniasis.

Ngakho-ke, umphumela we-myelogram ubaluleke kakhulu ekutholeni izifo eziningana, uvumela ukwelashwa okwanele. Kwezinye izimo, ukucubungula umnkantsha wamathambo nakho kungadingeka, ukuhlolwa okuyinkimbinkimbi nokudla isikhathi, njengoba kudingeka ukususa ucezu lwethambo, kepha ngokuvamile kubalulekile ukunikeza imininingwane eminingi ngomnkantsha wethambo. Thola ukuthi kwenzelwe ini nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani umongo wamathambo.

Kwenziwa kanjani

I-myelogram ukuhlolwa okubhekisisa izicubu ezijulile zomzimba, njengoba lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma i-hematologist. Ngokuvamile, amathambo lapho kwenziwa khona ama-myelograms yi-sternum, etholakala esifubeni, i-iliac crest, okuyithambo elisesifundeni se-pelvic, kanye ne-tibia, ithambo lomlenze, elenziwe kakhulu ezinganeni, futhi izinyathelo zazo zifaka:

1. Hlanza indawo ngezinto ezifanele ukugwema ukungcoliswa, njenge-povidine noma i-chlorhexidine;
2. Yenza i-anesthesia yendawo ngenaliti esikhunjeni nangaphandle kwethambo;
3. Yenza ukubhoboza ngenaliti ekhethekile, ejiyile, ukubhoboza ithambo futhi ufinyelele emnkantsheni wethambo;
4. Xhuma isirinji enaliti, ukufisa ukuqoqa izinto ozifunayo;
5. Susa inaliti bese ucindezela indawo nge-gauze ukuvimbela ukuphuma kwegazi.

Ngemuva kokuqoqa okokusebenza, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlaziywa nokuchazwa komphumela, okungenziwa nge-slide, ngudokotela uqobo, kanye nemishini ekhethekile ekuhlaziyweni kwamaseli egazi.

Izingozi ezingaba khona

Ngokuvamile, i-myelogram inqubo esheshayo enezinkinga ezingavamile, kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuzwa ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki endaweni yokubhoboza, kanye nokopha, i-hematoma noma ukutheleleka. Ukuqoqwa kwempahla kungadingeka, ezimweni ezimbalwa, ngenxa yesamba esanele noma esanele sesampula yokuhlaziywa.