Konke Odinga Ukukwazi NgeMono

-Delile

• Izimpawu zeMono
• Isikhathi sokukhushulwa kweMono
• Izimbangela zeMono
• Igciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV)
• Ingabe i-mono iyathathelana?
• Izici ezinobungozi beMono
• Ukuxilongwa kwe-Mono
• Ukuhlolwa kokuqala
• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi
• Isibalo samangqamuzana amhlophe egazi
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-monospot
• Ukuhlolwa kwamasosha omzimba e-EBV
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Mono
• Amakhambi asekhaya eMono
• Izinkinga zeMono
• Ubende obukhulisiwe
• Ukuvuvukala kwesibindi
• Izinkinga ezingavamile
• I-Mono flare-up
• Mono kubantu abadala
• Mono ezinganeni
• Mono ezinganeni
• Ukubuyela emuva kweMono
• IMono ephindayo
• Ukuvimbela iMono
• Ukubukwa nokubuyiselwa kusuka ku-mono

Iyini i-mononucleosis esithathelwanayo (i-mono)?

I-Mono, noma i-mononucleosis ethathelwanayo, isho iqembu lezimpawu ezivame ukubangelwa igciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV). Imvamisa kwenzeka kwentsha, kepha ungayithola nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Leli gciwane lisakazeka ngamathe, yingakho abanye abantu belibiza ngokuthi “isifo sokuqabula.”

Abantu abaningi baba nezifo ze-EBV njengezingane ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engu-1. Ezinganeni ezisencane kakhulu, izimpawu ngokuvamile azikho noma zimnene kangangokuba azibonwa njenge-mono.

Uma usutheleleke nge-EBV, akunakwenzeka ukuthi uthole olunye. Noma iyiphi ingane ethola i-EBV cishe izovikeleka ku-mono impilo yayo yonke.

Kodwa-ke, izingane eziningi e-United States nakwamanye amazwe athuthukile azitholi lezi zifo zisencane. Ngokusho kwe-mono, kwenzeka amaphesenti angama-25 esikhathi lapho umuntu osemusha noma osemusha etheleleka nge-EBV. Ngalesi sizathu, i-mono ithinta ikakhulukazi abafundi bezikole eziphakeme kanye namakolishi.

Izimpawu zeMono

Abantu abane-mono bavame ukuba nomkhuhlane omkhulu, ukuvuvukala kwezindlala zezindlala entanyeni nasemakhwapheni, nomphimbo obuhlungu. Izimo eziningi ze-mono zimnene futhi zixazululwa kalula ngokwelashwa okuncane. Ukutheleleka akukubi kangako futhi kuvamise ukuhamba ngokwakho ezinyangeni ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2.

Ezinye izimpawu zingafaka:

• ikhanda elibuhlungu
• ukukhathala
• ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• ukuqubuka okuqukethe amabala abomvana abomvana noma ansomi esikhunjeni sakho noma emlonyeni wakho
• ukuvuvukala amalaka
• ukujuluka ebusuku

Ngesinye isikhathi, ubende noma isibindi sakho naso singakhukhumala, kepha i-mononucleosis ayivamile ukubulala.

IMono kunzima ukuhlukanisa namanye amagciwane ajwayelekile njengomkhuhlane. Uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki ngemuva kwamaviki angu-1 noma amabili ekwelashweni kwasekhaya njengokuphumula, ukuthola uketshezi olwanele, nokudla ukudla okunempilo, bheka udokotela wakho.

Isikhathi sokukhushulwa kweMono

Isikhathi sokufukamela kwegciwane yisikhathi esiphakathi kokuthola igciwane nalapho uqala ukuba nezimpawu. Ihlala amasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha. Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-mono ngokuvamile zihlala izinyanga ezi-1 kuya kwezi-2.

Isikhathi sokufukamela singaba sifushane ezinganeni ezincane.

Ezinye izimpawu, ezifana nomphimbo obuhlungu nomkhuhlane, zivame ukwehla ngemuva kweviki elilodwa noma amabili. Ezinye izimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kwama-lymph node, ukukhathala, kanye nobende obukhulisiwe kungahlala amasonto ambalwa isikhathi eside.

Izimbangela zeMono

I-Mononucleosis ivame ukubangelwa i-EBV. Leli gciwane lisakazeka ngokuthintana ngqo namathe avela emlonyeni womuntu onegciwane noma olunye uketshezi lomzimba, njengegazi. Iphinde isabalale ngokuxhumana kocansi nokufakelwa komzimba.

Ungachayeka kuleligciwane ngokukhwehlela noma ukuthimula, ngokuqabula, noma ngokuhlanganyela ukudla noma iziphuzo nomuntu one-mono. Imvamisa kuthatha amasonto amane kuye kwayisishiyagalombili ukuthi izimpawu zikhule ngemuva kokutheleleka.

Ebusheni nakubantu abadala, ukutheleleka kwesinye isikhathi akubangeli izimpawu ezibonakalayo. Ezinganeni, igciwane ngokuvamile alibangeli zimpawu, futhi ukutheleleka kuvame ukungaziwa.

Igciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV)

Igciwane le-Epstein-Barr (i-EBV) liyilungu lomndeni wegciwane le-herpes. Ngokuya nge, ngelinye lamagciwane avame kakhulu ukuthelela abantu emhlabeni jikelele.

Ngemuva kokutheleleka nge-EBV, ihlala ingasebenzi emzimbeni wakho impilo yakho yonke. Ezimweni ezingavamile ingaphinda ivuseleleke, kepha imvamisa ngeke kube khona zimpawu.

Ngaphezu kokuxhuma kwayo ne-mono, ochwepheshe babheka ukuxhumana okungenzeka phakathi kwe-EBV nemibandela efana nomdlavuza nezifo ezizimele. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi i-EBV itholakala kanjani ine-virus ye-Epstein-Barr.

Ingabe i-mono iyathathelana?

IMono iyathathelana, yize ochwepheshe bengaqiniseki ngempela ukuthi lesi sikhathi sihlala isikhathi esingakanani.

Ngoba i-EBV ikhala emphinjeni wakho, ungathelela umuntu ohlangana namathe akho, njengokumanga noma ukwabelana ngezinto zokudla. Ngenxa yesikhathi eside sokufukamela, ungahle ungazi ukuthi une-mono.

I-Mono ingaqhubeka nokusabalala izinyanga ezintathu noma ngaphezulu ngemuva kokuthola izimpawu. Thola kabanzi mayelana nokuthi i-mono ithathelana isikhathi esingakanani.

Izici ezinobungozi beMono

Amaqembu alandelayo anengozi enkulu yokuthola i-mono:

• abantu abasha abaphakathi kweminyaka eyi-15 nengama-30
• abafundi
• abaqeqeshelwa ezokwelapha
• abahlengikazi
• abanakekeli
• abantu abathatha imishanguzo ecindezela amasosha omzimba

Noma ngubani ohlangana njalo nezinamba ezinkulu zabantu usengozini eyengeziwe yemono. Yingakho abafundi bezikole eziphakeme kanye namakolishi bavame ukutheleleka.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Mono

Ngoba amanye amagciwane abucayi njenge-hepatitis A angadala izimpawu ezifana ne-mono, udokotela wakho uzosebenza ukukhipha la mathuba.

Ukuhlolwa kokuqala

Lapho nje uvakashele udokotela wakho, ngokujwayelekile bazokubuza ukuthi unezimpawu ezingakanani. Uma uneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-15 nengama-25, udokotela wakho angakubuza nokuthi ngabe uke waxhumana nanoma yibaphi abantu abane-mono.

Ubudala bungesinye sezici eziyinhloko zokuthola i-mono kanye nezimpawu ezivame kakhulu: umkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu nezindlala ezivuvukele.

Udokotela wakho uzothatha izinga lokushisa kwakho futhi ahlole izindlala entanyeni yakho, emakhwapheni, nasemgodini. Bangase futhi bahlole ingxenye engaphezulu kwesobunxele yesisu sakho ukuthola ukuthi ubende lwakho lukhulisiwe yini.

Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi

Kwesinye isikhathi udokotela wakho uzocela ukubalwa okuphelele kwegazi. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kuzosiza ekutholeni ukuthi ukugula kwakho kubi kangakanani ngokubheka amazinga akho amaseli wegazi ahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, ukubalwa okuphezulu kwe-lymphocyte kuvame ukukhombisa ukutheleleka.

Isibalo samangqamuzana amhlophe egazi

Ukutheleleka nge-mono kuvame ukudala ukuthi umzimba wakho ukhiqize amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi njengoba izama ukuzivikela. Ukubalwa kwamaseli amhlophe aphezulu akumele kuqinisekiswe ukutheleleka nge-EBV, kodwa umphumela uphakamisa ukuthi kungenzeka kakhulu.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-monospot

Ukuhlolwa kweLab kuyingxenye yesibili yokuxilongwa kukadokotela. Enye yezindlela ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu zokuthola i-mononucleosis ukuhlolwa kwe-monospot (noma ukuhlolwa kwe-heterophile). Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kubheka amasosha omzimba - lawa amaprotheni amasosha omzimba wakho awakhiqiza ngokuphendula izinto eziyingozi.

Kodwa-ke, ayifuni amasosha omzimba e-EBV. Esikhundleni salokho, ukuhlolwa kwe-monospot kunquma amazinga akho elinye iqembu lama-antibody umzimba wakho ongawakhiqiza uma ungenwe yi-EBV. Lawa abizwa ngokuthi ama-heterophile antibodies.

Imiphumela yalokhu kuhlolwa ingaguquguquki kakhulu lapho kwenziwa phakathi kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamane ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpawu zemono. Kuleli qophelo, uzoba namanani anele ama-heterophile antibodies ukuqala impendulo ethembekile.

Lokhu kuhlolwa akuhlali kunembile ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa kulula ukukwenza, futhi imiphumela ivame ukutholakala kungakapheli ihora noma ngaphansi.

Ukuhlolwa kwamasosha omzimba e-EBV

Uma ukuhlolwa kwakho kwe-monospot kubuya kungenayo, udokotela wakho angayalela ukuhlolwa kwe-EBV antibody. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kubheka amasosha omzimba aqondene ne-EBV. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungathola i-mono masonto onke okuqala unezimpawu, kepha kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuthola imiphumela.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Mono

Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-mononucleosis esithathelwanayo. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angakunikeza umuthi we-corticosteroid ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala komphimbo namathoni. Izimpawu zivame ukuzixazulula zodwa ezinyangeni ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi noma uma unezinhlungu ezinkulu zesisu. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokwelapha i-mono.

Amakhambi asekhaya eMono

Ukwelashwa ekhaya kuhlose ukunciphisa izimpawu zakho. Lokhu kubandakanya ukusebenzisa imishanguzo ye-over-the-counter (OTC) ukunciphisa umkhuhlane namasu okuzola umphimbo obuhlungu, njengokugaya amanzi anosawoti.

Amanye amakhambi asekhaya anganciphisa izimpawu afaka:

• ukuthola ukuphumula okuningi
• ukuhlala unamanzi amaningi, kuhle ngokuphuza amanzi
• ukudla isobho elifudumele lenkukhu
• ukukhulisa amasosha omzimba wakho ngokudla ukudla okuphikisana nokuvuvukala futhi okunothile kuma-antioxidants, njengemifino eluhlaza eluhlaza, ama-apula, irayisi elinsundu nesalmon
• usebenzisa imishanguzo yezinhlungu ze-OTC njenge-acetaminophen (Tylenol)

Ungalokothi unikeze i-aspirin izingane noma intsha ngoba ingaholela ku-Reye's syndrome, okuyisifo esingajwayelekile esingadala ukulimala kobuchopho nesibindi. Thola kabanzi ngamakhambi asekhaya emono.

Izinkinga zeMono

I-Mono ngokuvamile ayibi kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, abantu abane-mono bathola ukutheleleka kwesibili njenge-strep throat, ukutheleleka nge-sinus, noma i-tonsillitis. Ezimweni ezingavamile, abanye abantu bangaba nezinkinga ezilandelayo:

Ubende obukhulisiwe

Kufanele ulinde okungenani inyanga engu-1 ngaphambi kokwenza noma yimiphi imisebenzi enamandla, uphakamise izinto ezisindayo, noma udlale imidlalo yokuxhumana ukuze ugweme ukuqhekeka kobende bakho, obungahle buvuvukele ngenxa yokutheleleka.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi ungabuyela nini emisebenzini yakho ejwayelekile.

Ubende obudabukile kubantu abane-mono akuvamile, kepha kuyisimo esiphuthumayo esisongela impilo. Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma une-mono futhi uzwa ubuhlungu obubukhali, obungazelelwe engxenyeni engenhla kwesobunxele yesisu sakho.

Ukuvuvukala kwesibindi

I-Hepatitis (ukuvuvukala kwesibindi) noma i-jaundice (ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo) kungenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile kubantu abane-mono.

Izinkinga ezingavamile

Ngokusho kweMayo Clinic, i-mono nayo ingadala ezinye zalezi zinkinga ezingavamile kakhulu:

• i-anemia, okuwukuncipha kokubalwa kwamaseli akho abomvu egazi
• i-thrombocytopenia, okuwukwehla kwama-platelets, ingxenye yegazi lakho eqala inqubo yokujiya
• ukuvuvukala kwenhliziyo
• izinkinga ezibandakanya uhlelo lwezinzwa, njenge-meningitis noma i-Guillain-Barré syndrome
• ukuvuvukala amalaka okungavimba ukuphefumula

I-Mono flare-up

Izimpawu zeMono njengokukhathala, umkhuhlane, nomphimbo obuhlungu kuvame ukuhlala amasonto ambalwa. Ezimweni ezingavamile, izimpawu zingakhula izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka kamuva.

I-EBV, evamise ukuba yiyo ebanga ukutheleleka nge-mono, ihlala emzimbeni wakho impilo yakho yonke. Imvamisa isesimweni sokulala, kepha igciwane lingavuselelwa.

Mono kubantu abadala

I-Mono ithinta kakhulu abantu abasebasha kanye nama-20s.

Kwenzeka kancane kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-30. Abantu abadala asebekhulile abane-mono bavame ukuba nomkhuhlane kodwa kungenzeka bangabi nazo ezinye izimpawu ezinjengomphimbo obuhlungu, ama-lymph node avuvukile, noma ubende obukhulisiwe.

Mono ezinganeni

Izingane zingatheleleka nge-mono ngokwabelana ngezinto zokudla noma ngokuphuza izingilazi, noma ngokusondela kumuntu onegciwane ekhwehlela noma ethimula.

Ngenxa yokuthi izingane zingaba nezimpawu ezincane kuphela, ezifana nomphimbo obuhlungu, ukutheleleka nge-mono kungatholakali.

Izingane ezitholwa ukuthi zine-mono zivame ukuqhubeka nokuya esikoleni noma enkulisa. Kungadingeka ukuthi bagweme imisebenzi ethile yomzimba ngenkathi belulama. Izingane ezine-mono kufanele zigeze izandla njalo, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokuthimula noma ukukhwehlela. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezimpawu ze-mono ezinganeni.

Mono ezinganeni

Iningi labantu litheleleke nge-EBV zisencane. Njengezingane ezindadlana, izingane ezisencane zingatheleleka nge-mono ngokwabelana ngezinto zokudla noma ngezibuko zokuphuza. Bangaphinde batheleleke ngokufaka amathoyizi emlonyeni wabo abesemilonyeni yezinye izingane ezine-mono.

Ojahidada abane-mono abavamile ukuba nezimpawu. Uma benomkhuhlane nomphimbo obuhlungu, kungahle kuthiwe ngumkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane.

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi ingane yakho encane ine-mono, mhlawumbe bazokuncoma ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi ingane yakho iyaphumula futhi inamanzi amaningi.

Ukubuyela emuva kweMono

I-Mono ivame ukubangelwa i-EBV, ehlala ilele emzimbeni wakho ngemuva kokululama.

Kungenzeka, kepha akujwayelekile, ukuthi i-EBV ivuselelwe futhi nezimpawu zemono zibuye izinyanga noma iminyaka kamuva. Thola ukuqonda okungcono ngengozi yokubuyela emuva kwe-mono.

IMono ephindayo

Abantu abaningi bane-mono kanye kuphela. Ezimweni ezingavamile, izimpawu zingabuya ngenxa yokuvuselelwa kwe-EBV.

Uma i-mono ibuya, igciwane lisematheni akho, kodwa mhlawumbe ngeke ube nazimpawu ngaphandle kokuthi unamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-mono ingaholela kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi. Lesi yisimo esibi lapho izimpawu zemono ziqhubeka isikhathi eside kunezinyanga eziyisithupha.

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ze-mono futhi uke waba nayo ngaphambili, bheka udokotela wakho.

Ukuvimbela iMono

IMono cishe ayinakwenzeka ukuyivimba. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abantu abaphilile abatheleleke nge-EBV esikhathini esedlule bangathwala futhi basakaze ukutheleleka ngezikhathi ezithile impilo yabo yonke.

Cishe bonke abantu abadala batheleleke nge-EBV futhi bakhe imishanguzo yokulwa namagciwane. Abantu bavame ukuthola i-mono kanye kuphela ezimpilweni zabo.

Ukubukwa nokubuyiselwa kusuka ku-mono

Izimpawu zemono azivamile ukuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezi-4. Iningi labantu abane-mono bayalulama kungakapheli amasonto amabili kuya kwamane.

I-EBV isungula ukutheleleka impilo yonke, okungasebenzi kumaseli omzimba wakho omzimba. Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile kakhulu, abantu abaphethe leli gciwane baba ne-Burkitt's lymphoma noma i-nasopharyngeal carcinoma, womabili lawa mdlavuza ongandile.

I-EBV ibonakala idlala indima ekuthuthukiseni lawa mdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, i-EBV mhlawumbe akuyona ukuphela kwembangela.