Ukutheleleka kwe-MRSA (Staph)

-Delile

• Ngabe iMRSA ibukeka kanjani?
• Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-MRSA?
• HA-MRSA
• I-CA-MRSA
• Ziyini izimpawu ze-MRSA?
• Izimpawu ze-HA-MRSA
• Izimpawu ze-CA-MRSA
• Ubani osengozini yokuthuthukisa i-MRSA?
• Izici zobungozi ze-HA-MRSA
• Izici zobungozi ze-CA-MRSA
• I-MRSA itholakala kanjani?
• Amasiko enxeba
• Amasiko esikhwehlela
• Amasiko womchamo
• Amasiko egazi
• Uphathwa kanjani uMRSA?
• Ukwelashwa kwe-HA-MRSA
• Ukwelashwa kwe-CA-MRSA
• Ngabe iMRSA ingavinjelwa kanjani?
• Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside wabantu abane-MRSA?

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Yini i-MRSA?

Imelana nemethicillin I-Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ukutheleleka okubangelwa I-Staphylococcus (i-staph) amagciwane. Lolu hlobo lwamabhaktheriya luyamelana namagciwane amaningi ahlukahlukene.

Lawa magciwane ngokwemvelo ahlala ekhaleni nasesikhumbeni futhi ngokuvamile awabangeli monakalo. Kodwa-ke, lapho beqala ukwanda ngokungalawuleki, ukutheleleka kwe-MRSA kungenzeka.

Ukutheleleka kwe-MRSA kwenzeka kakhulu lapho kukhona ukusika noma ukuphuka esikhunjeni sakho. I-MRSA iyathathelana kakhulu futhi ingasatshalaliswa ngokuxhumana ngqo nomuntu onesifo.

Kungaphinde kwenziwe inkontileka ngokuhlangana nento noma indawo ethintwe ngumuntu one-MRSA.

Yize ukutheleleka kwe-MRSA kungaba kubi, kungaphathwa ngempumelelo ngama-antibiotic athile.

Ngabe iMRSA ibukeka kanjani?

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-MRSA?

Ukutheleleka kwe-MRSA kubhekwa njengokutholwa esibhedlela (HA-MRSA) noma okutholwe ngumphakathi (CA-MRSA).

HA-MRSA

I-HA-MRSA ihlotshaniswa nezifo ezitholwa kwizikhungo zezokwelapha, njengezibhedlela noma amakhaya asebekhulile. Ungathola lolu hlobo lokutheleleka nge-MRSA ngokuxhumana ngqo nesilonda esinegciwane noma izandla ezingcolile.

Ungakuthola nokutheleleka ngokuthintana namalineni angcolile noma amathuluzi okuhlinza angahlanzwanga kahle. I-HA-MRSA ingadala izinkinga ezinkulu, njengokutheleleka ngegazi kanye nenyumoniya.

I-CA-MRSA

I-CA-MRSA ihlotshaniswa nezifo ezidluliswa ngokuxhumana okusondelene nomuntu onesifo noma ngokuxhumana ngqo nesilonda esinegciwane.

Lolu hlobo lokutheleleka nge-MRSA lungakhula futhi ngenxa yenhlanzeko embi, njengokugeza izandla okungajwayelekile noma okungafanele.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-MRSA?

Izimpawu ze-MRSA zingahluka ngokuya ngohlobo lokutheleleka.

Izimpawu ze-HA-MRSA

I-HA-MRSA ngokuvamile inamathuba amaningi okudala izinkinga ezinkulu, njenge-pneumonia, ukutheleleka kwe-urinary tract (UTIs), kanye ne-sepsis yokutheleleka ngegazi. Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi kulezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ukuqubuka
• ikhanda
• ubuhlungu bemisipha
• Ukugodola
• imfiva
• ukukhathala
• ukukhwehlela
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ubuhlungu besifuba

Izimpawu ze-CA-MRSA

I-CA-MRSA ivame ukudala izifo zesikhumba. Izindawo ezinokwanda kwezinwele zomzimba, njengamakhwapha noma emuva kwentamo, zinamathuba amaningi okuthi zitheleleke.

Izindawo ezisikiwe, eziklwebhiwe noma ezigcotshwayo zisengozini yokutheleleka ngoba isithiyo sakho esikhulu kumagciwane - isikhumba sakho - sonakele.

Ukutheleleka kuvame ukudala ukuvuvukala, iqhubu elibuhlungu lakheke esikhunjeni. Isigaxa singafana nokulunywa yisicabucabu noma induna. Imvamisa inesikhungo esiphuzi noma esimhlophe nenhloko emaphakathi.

Kwesinye isikhathi indawo enegciwane izungezwe indawo ebomvu nobushushu, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-cellulitis. I-Pus nolunye uketshezi lungakhipha endaweni ethintekile. Abanye abantu nabo baba nomkhuhlane.

Ubani osengozini yokuthuthukisa i-MRSA?

Izici zobungozi ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngohlobo lokutheleleka kwe-MRSA.

Izici zobungozi ze-HA-MRSA

Usengozini eyengeziwe ye-HA-MRSA uma:

• balaliswe esibhedlela ezinyangeni ezintathu ezedlule
• uvame ukwenziwa i-hemodialysis
• unamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka ngenxa yesinye isimo sezokwelapha
• hlala ekhaya lasebekhulile

Izici zobungozi ze-CA-MRSA

Usengozini ekhulayo ye-CA-MRSA uma:

• yabelana nabanye ngezinto zokusebenza, amathawula noma izinsingo
• iqhaza kwezemidlalo contact
• sebenza enkulisa
• uhlala ezindaweni eziminyene noma ezingahlanzekile

I-MRSA itholakala kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kuqala ngokuhlolwa komlando wezokwelapha nokuhlolwa komzimba. Amasampula azophinde athathwe endaweni yokutheleleka. Izinhlobo zamasampuli atholakele ukusiza ukuxilonga i-MRSA zifaka okulandelayo:

Amasiko enxeba

Amasampula enxeba atholakala nge-swab oyinyumba kakotini abekwe esitsheni. Bese bayiswa elabhorethri ukuze bayohlaziywa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kukhona yini ama-staph bacteria.

Amasiko esikhwehlela

Isikhwehlela into eqhamuka emgudwini wokuphefumula ngenkathi ukhwehlela. Isiko lesikhohlela lihlaziya isikhwehlela ukuba khona kwamagciwane, izingcezu zamaseli, igazi, noma ubomvu.

Abantu abakwazi ukukhwehlela imvamisa bangahlinzeka isampula lesikhohlela kalula. Labo abangakwazi ukukhwehlela noma abasebenza kuma-ventilator kungadingeka ukuthi bahlanze ukuphefumula noma i-bronchoscopy ukuthola isampula lesikhohlela.

Ukuhlanza ukuphefumula kanye ne-bronchoscopy kufaka ukusetshenziswa kwe-bronchoscope, okuyishubhu ezacile enekhamera enamathiselwe. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo, udokotela ufaka i-bronchoscope ngomlomo nasemaphashini akho.

I-bronchoscope ivumela udokotela ukuthi abone amaphaphu ngokucacile futhi aqoqe nesampula lesikhohlela ukuze lihlolwe.

Amasiko womchamo

Ezimweni eziningi, isampula lesiko lomchamo litholakala kusiqeshana somchamo se- "middleream clean clean". Ukwenza lokhu, umchamo uqoqwa enkomishini oyinyumba ngesikhathi sokuchama. Inkomishi bese inikezwa udokotela, yena ayithumele ebhodini ukuze ihlolwe.

Kwesinye isikhathi, umchamo kufanele uqoqwe ngqo esinyeni. Ukwenza lokhu, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ufaka ishubhu oyinyumba elibizwa nge-catheter esinyeni. Umchamo ube usuphuma esinyeni ungene esitsheni esiyinyumba.

Amasiko egazi

Isiko legazi lidinga ukuthatha ukudonsa kwegazi nokubeka igazi esitsheni elabhorethri. Uma amabhaktheriya ekhula esitsheni, odokotela bangabona kalula ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwama-bacteria olubangela ukutheleleka.

Imiphumela evela emasikweni egazi ithatha cishe amahora angama-48. Umphumela omuhle wokuhlolwa ungakhombisa ukutheleleka kwegazi sepsis. Amagciwane angangena egazini kusuka ezifweni ezitholakala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho, njengamaphaphu, amathambo, nomgudu womchamo.

Uphathwa kanjani uMRSA?

Odokotela ngokuvamile baphatha i-HA-MRSA ne-CA-MRSA ngokuhlukile.

Ukwelashwa kwe-HA-MRSA

Ukutheleleka kwe-HA-MRSA kunamandla okukhiqiza izifo ezinzima nezisongela impilo. Lezi zifo zivame ukudinga ama-antibiotics nge-IV, kwesinye isikhathi isikhathi eside ngokuya ngobukhulu besifo sakho.

Ukwelashwa kwe-CA-MRSA

Ukutheleleka kwe-CA-MRSA kuvame ukuthuthuka ngama-antibiotic omlomo kuphela. Uma unegciwane lesikhumba elikhulu ngokwanele, udokotela wakho anganquma ukwenza imbobo kanye nokudonsa amanzi.

Ukuqhekeka nokudonsa amanzi ngokuvamile kwenziwa kusethingi lehhovisi ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa isikhumba ukuze asike indawo yokutheleleka futhi ayikhiphe ngokuphelele. Ungahle ungawadingi ama-antibiotic uma lokhu kwenziwa.

Ngabe iMRSA ingavinjelwa kanjani?

Thatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo ukunciphisa ubungozi bokuthola nokusabalalisa i-CA-MRSA:

• Geza izandla zakho njalo. Lona umzila wokuqala wokuzivikela ekusabalaliseni i-MRSA. Hlikihla izandla zakho okungenani imizuzwana engu-15 ngaphambi kokuzomisa ngethawula. Sebenzisa elinye ithawula ukucisha ompompi. Thatha i-sanitizer yesandla equkethe utshwala obungamaphesenti angama-60. Yisebenzise ukugcina izandla zakho zihlanzekile lapho ungenakho ukufinyelela kwensipho namanzi.
• Gcina amanxeba akho embozwe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukumboza amanxeba kungavimbela ubovu noma olunye uketshezi oluqukethe amabhaktheriya e-staph ekungcoleni izindawo ezingathintwa abanye abantu.
• Ungabelani ngezinto zomuntu siqu. Lokhu kufaka amathawula, amashidi, izinsingo, nemishini yezemidlalo.
• Hlanza izindwangu zakho. Uma usikekile noma isikhumba siphukile, geza izingubo zangaphansi namathawula emanzini ashisayo nge-bleach eyengeziwe bese womisa yonke into ngokushisa okukhulu esomeni. Kufanele futhi ugeze izingubo zakho zokuzivocavoca nezemidlalo ngemuva kokusetshenziswa ngakunye.

Abantu abane-HA-MRSA ngokuvamile babekwa bodwa okwesikhashana kuze kube yilapho ukutheleleka kuthuthuka. Ukuhlukaniswa kuvimbela ukusakazeka kwalolu hlobo lokutheleleka kwe-MRSA. Abasebenzi besibhedlela abanakekela abantu abane-MRSA kufanele balandele izinqubo eziqinile zokugeza izandla.

Ukuqhubeka nokunciphisa ubungozi be-MRSA, abasebenzi besibhedlela kanye nezivakashi kufanele bagqoke izingubo zokuzivikela namagilavu ​​ukuvikela ukuxhumana nezindawo ezingcolile. Amalineni nezindawo ezingcolisiwe kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi kubulawe amagciwane ngendlela efanele.

Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside wabantu abane-MRSA?

Ngenkathi abantu abaningi benamanye amabhaktheriya e-MRSA ahlala esikhunjeni sabo, ukuvezwa ngokweqile kungaholela ezifweni ezimbi kakhulu nezisongela impilo.

Izimpawu nokwelashwa kungahluka ngokuya ngohlobo lokutheleleka kwe-MRSA umuntu anakho. Ukuprakthiza amasu amahle kakhulu okuvimbela ukutheleleka, njengokugeza izandla njalo, ukugwema ukwabelana ngezinto zakho, nokugcina amanxeba emboziwe, ehlanzekile futhi omile kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukusabalala kwawo.