Umlutha weNicotine: Okudingeka Ukwazi

-Delile

• Imiphumela yokulutha kwe-nicotine
• Izimbangela zokulutha kwe-nicotine
• Ngubani osengozini?
• Izimpawu zokulutha kwe-nicotine
• Kutholakala kanjani
• Iphathwa kanjani
• Imithi
• Amaqembu okusekela
• Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya
• Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha nezemvelo
• Imiphumela yokuhoxiswa kwe-nicotine
• Umbono wokulutha kwe-nicotine

Kuyini ukulutha kwe-nicotine?

I-nicotine iyikhemikhali elutha kakhulu etholakala esitshalweni sikagwayi. Ukulutheka kungokomzimba, okusho ukuthi abasebenzisi abajwayele ukuza bafisa ikhemikhali, futhi nabangqondo, okusho ukuthi abasebenzisi bayayifisa imiphumela ye-nicotine. Umlutha weNicotine ubuye ube nokuziphatha. Abantu bathembela ezenzweni ezibandakanyeka ekusebenziseni ugwayi. Babuye bajwayele ukusebenzisa ugwayi ezimweni ezithile, njengasemuva kokudla noma lapho benengcindezi.

I-nicotine ngokuyinhloko idliwa ukuhogela intuthu kagwayi kagwayi. Ezinye izindlela zokubhema ugwayi zifaka amapayipi nogwayi. Ugwayi ongabhemi udonswa ngamakhala njengempuphu noma ubanjwe emlonyeni.

Ugwayi uyingozi. Ngokusho, izifo ezihlobene nokubhema zibhekene nokufa kwabantu abangaba ngu-435,000 ngonyaka e-United States. Lokho kucishe kube ukufa komuntu oyedwa kwabahlanu e-United States. Ukuyeka ukubhema, noma ngabe usubheme isikhathi esingakanani, kungayizuzisa kakhulu impilo yakho.

Imiphumela yokulutha kwe-nicotine

I-nicotine idala imizwa emnandi emzimbeni nasengqondweni. Uma usebenzisa ugwayi, ubuchopho bakho bukhipha ama-neurotransmitters anjalo i-dopamine, ikhemikhali elizizwa lihle. Lokhu kudala umuzwa omfushane wokwaneliseka nenjabulo.

Kodwa ngaphandle kwe-nicotine, osikilidi bakagwayi nogwayi ongenantuthu kunezinto eziningi ezibangela umdlavuza namanye amakhemikhali ayingozi. Amakhemikhali acishe abe ngu-4,000 atholakala kugwayi anemiphumela emzimbeni, engqondweni nasemqondweni. Ukusebenzisa ugwayi kuholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo, kufaka phakathi:

• umdlavuza wamaphaphu
• emphysema
• i-bronchitis engapheli
• umdlavuza, ikakhulukazi ohlelweni lokuphefumula
• i-leukemia
• Isifo senhliziyo
• unhlangothi
• isifo sikashukela
• izingqinamba zamehlo, ezifana ne-cataract nokuwohloka kwe-macular
• ukungazali
• ukungabi namandla
• ukukhulelwa kwesisu nokukhulelwa
• amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka
• amakhaza, umkhuhlane kanye nezifo zokuphefumula
• ukulahlekelwa umuzwa wokunambitha noma wephunga
• isifo sezinsini nezinkinga zamazinyo
• ukubukeka kokuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi
• isifo se-peptic ulcer
• ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo

Intuthu kagwayi futhi inyusa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu nesifo senhliziyo kubantu abasondelene nababhemayo. Ngokusho kwalaba, izingane ezihlala emakhaya anentuthu kagwayi kungenzeka zibe:

• isifo sokufa kwezinsana ngokuzumayo
• isifuba somoya
• izifo zokuphefumula
• izifo zendlebe
• ezinye izifo

Izimbangela zokulutha kwe-nicotine

Ukubhema osikilidi noma ukusebenzisa eminye imikhiqizo kagwayi kubangela ukulutheka kwe-nicotine. I-nicotine iyalutha kakhulu, ngakho-ke noma ungayisebenzisi njalo ingaholela ekuthembekeni.

Kungenzeka imikhiqizo yokuyeka ukubhema, njenge-nicotine gum, i-lozenges, noma ama-patches, ukudala ukulutha kwe-nicotine. Noma kunjalo, ingozi iphansi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inani le-nicotine kule mikhiqizo liphansi futhi lilethwa kancane kakhulu kune-nicotine esegwayi.

Ngubani osengozini?

Noma ngubani osebenzisa ugwayi usengozini yokuba umlutha. Indlela engcono yokuvimbela umlutha ukugwema ugwayi.

Ezinye izinto zingakhuphula ubungozi bokulutha. Isibonelo, abantu abanomlando womndeni wokulutha i-nicotine nabantu abakhulela emakhaya anabasebenzisi bakagwayi maningi amathuba okuthi baqale ukubhema futhi babe nomlutha.

Futhi, abantu abaqala ukubhema besebancane maningi amathuba okuthi babheme baze babe ngabantu abadala. Omunye uphawula ukuthi ama-80% abantu ababhemayo aqala ukubhema eneminyaka engu-18. Ukuqala ukubhema osemncane kuvame ukwandisa ukuthembela kamuva empilweni. Akuvamile kakhulu kubantu abadala ukuba baqale ukubhema noma bahlakulele umlutha, ngokusho kwe-American Society of Addiction Medicine.

Abantu abasebenzisa kabi utshwala noma izidakamizwa noma abagula ngengqondo nabo basengozini enkulu yokuncika ku-nicotine.

Izimpawu zokulutha kwe-nicotine

Izimpawu zokulutha kwe-nicotine zifaka:

• ukwehluleka ukuyeka ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi
• izimpawu zokuhoxa lapho ukusetshenziswa kwe-nicotine kuyeka
• isifiso sokuqhubeka nokubhema noma ngabe kuvela izinkinga zempilo
• ukuqhubeka nokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo kagwayi noma ngabe kuyithinta kabi impilo yakho

Kutholakala kanjani

Ukuthola umlutha we-nicotine, udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ngomlando wakho wokusetshenziswa nomlando wezempilo. Uzonquma ngezinga lokuncika kwakho bese ephakamisa izindlela zokwelashwa.

Abantu abafuna ukufuna ukwelashwa ukulutha umlutha kuzodingeka bazibophezele ekumiseni.

Iphathwa kanjani

Ingxenye ebonakalayo yomlutha ingaba yinselele ukubhekana nayo. Ukuze aphumelele, umuntu kufanele asebenze ekushintsheni indlela yokuziphatha nokuziphatha. Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelashwa zokulutha i-nicotine, kufaka phakathi imishanguzo kadokotela, i-nicotine therapy kanye namaqembu okusekela.

Imithi

Eminye imithi ingakusiza uyeke ukubhema. Basebenza ukunciphisa izifiso. Enye indlela yokwelashwa okungenziwa esikhundleni se-nicotine ngamachashazi, ngezinsini, ngama-lozenges, ngemifutho yamakhala, noma ngama-inhalers. Lezi zinketho zinikeza i-nicotine ngaphandle kwamanye amakhemikhali atholakala kugwayi. Ziyakuvumela ukuthi unqobe umlutha ngendlela ehamba kancane futhi enesimo.

Izinketho ezingezona i-nicotine zifaka imishanguzo elwa nokudangala. Lokhu kusebenza ukukhiqiza ukukhiqizwa kwe-dopamine ukuthuthukisa imizwa yakho.

Amaqembu okusekela

Noma ngabe ukhetha iqembu lokusekela ngaphakathi noma elejwayelekile, amaqembu okusekela angakufundisa amakhono okubhekana nezinkinga, akusize usebenze ngokulutha kwakho, futhi akunikeze ubudlelwane nabanye abantu ababhekene nezinselelo ezifanayo nezakho.

Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya

Ukwelashwa ngokuluthwa yi-nicotine kugxile kakhulu emithini yokwelashwa nokuthatha isikhathi sokusebenza ngezimpawu zokuhoxa nokufunda amakhono okubhekana nakho. Zama lezi ziphakamiso ukuze wenze ukuguquka kwakho kude ne-nicotine kube lula:

• Vivinya umzimba njalo.
• Khetha ukudla okulula okugcina umlomo nezandla zakho kumatasa.
• Susa yonke imikhiqizo kagwayi ekhaya lakho nasemotweni.
• Gwema izimo ezingadala ukuthi uphinde ubuye, kufaka phakathi ukuhlala nabantu ababhemayo.
• Khetha ukudla okunempilo.
• Setha okulindelwe okungokoqobo mayelana nokwelashwa kwakho.
• Zibekele imigomo emincane bese uziklomelise ngokuhlangabezana nalezo zinhloso.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha nezemvelo

Ezinye izixazululo ezingakusiza ukunqoba umlutha wakho zifaka:

• ukuluthwa
• ukutshopa
• amakhambi
• amafutha abalulekile

Kodwa-ke, ukuphepha nokusebenza kwendlela ngayinye akwaziwa kakhulu.

Imiphumela yokuhoxiswa kwe-nicotine

Abasebenzisi bakagwayi abayimilutha abayeke ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-nicotine bazobhekana nokuhoxa. Imiphumela yokuhoxa kwe-nicotine ifaka ukucasuka, ukukhathazeka, nezimpawu zomzimba, ezinjengekhanda nokukhathala.

Isonto lokuqala lizoba libi kakhulu kwizimpawu zokuhoxa, kepha usuku ngalunye oludlulayo luzoba lula. Ngisho noma izimpawu zokuhoxa sezihlile, noma kunjalo, izifiso ezingazelelwe zivamile. Ukufunda isiyalo kubalulekile kulezi zimo.

Umbono wokulutha kwe-nicotine

Abantu abasebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-nicotine basengozini enkulu kakhulu yezifo zokuphefumula, umdlavuza (ikakhulukazi umdlavuza wamaphaphu), isifo sohlangothi nesifo senhliziyo. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi ubheme isikhathi esingakanani, unganciphisa ubungozi bezinkinga zempilo ngokuyeka.