Izifo Eziningi Ezingajwayelekile

-Delile

• Yiziphi izifo ezivame ukungathathelwani?
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Umdlavuza
• Isifo sokuphefumula okungamahlalakhona
• Isifo sikashukela
• Izifo ezivame kakhulu ezingathathelwani
• Okubalulekile

Siyini isifo esingaxhumeki?

Isifo esingathathelwani yisimo sempilo esingatheleleki esingeke sisabalale sisuke kumuntu siye komunye. Kubuye kuhlale isikhathi eside. Lokhu kwaziwa nangokuthi isifo esingelapheki.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwezakhi zofuzo, komzimba, indlela yokuphila, kanye nezimo zemvelo kungadala lezi zifo. Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zifaka:

• Ukudla okungenampilo
• ukungabi khona kokuzivocavoca umzimba
• ukubhema nentuthu kagwayi
• ukuphuza ngokweqile

Izifo ezingathathelani zibulala unyaka nonyaka. Lokhu cishe ngamaphesenti angama-70 abo bonke abantu abafayo emhlabeni jikelele.

Izifo ezingathathelani zithinta abantu babo bonke ubudala, izinkolo, kanye namazwe.

Izifo ezingathathelani zivame ukuhlotshaniswa nabantu abadala. Kodwa-ke, ukufa kwabantu minyaka yonke ngenxa yezifo ezingathathelani kwenzeka kubantu abaneminyaka engama-30 kuya kwengama-69.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu kufa kwenzeka emazweni anemali ephansi nephakathi kanye nasemiphakathini esengozini lapho kutholakala khona ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuvimbelayo.

Yiziphi izifo ezivame ukungathathelwani?

Ezinye izifo ezingathathelwani zivame kakhulu kunezinye. Izinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zezifo ezingathathelwani zifaka phakathi isifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, umdlavuza, izifo ezingamahlalakhona zokuphefumula nesifo sikashukela.

Isifo senhliziyo

Ukudla okungafanele kanye nokungasebenzi kungadala ukwanda:

• ukushaya kwegazi
• ushukela egazini
• lipids yegazi
• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile

Lezi zimo zandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Abanye abantu bazalwa benesimo (sezofuzo esinqunyelwe ukuba sibe) nezimo ezithile zenhliziyo.

Isifo senhliziyo siyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa kwezifo ezingathathelwani. Ezinye izimo ezivamile ezingathinteki zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi zifaka:

• isifo senhliziyo
• unhlangothi
• isifo semithambo yegazi
• isifo se-cerebrovascular
• isifo semithambo yegazi (PAD)
• isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso
• i-vein thrombosis ejulile kanye ne-embolism ye-pulmonary

Umdlavuza

Umdlavuza uthinta abantu bayo yonke iminyaka, izimo zenhlalo yomnotho, ubulili kanye nezinhlanga. Kungokufa kwezifo ezingathathelani emhlabeni jikelele.

Amanye umdlavuza awunakugwenywa ngenxa yezingozi zofuzo. Kodwa-ke, i-World Health Organisation ilinganisela ukuthi umdlavuza ungavikeleka ngokwamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo.

Izinyathelo ezibalulekile ekuvikeleni izifo zifaka:

• ukugwema ugwayi
• ukunciphisa umkhawulo wotshwala
• ukuvikeleka ezifweni ezibanga umdlavuza

Ngo-2015, cishe, kwabangelwa umdlavuza.

Ukufa komdlavuza okuvame kakhulu emadodeni emhlabeni wonke kufaka:

• amaphaphu
• isibindi
• isisu
• nombala
• indlala yesinye

Ukufa komdlavuza okuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane emhlabeni wonke kubandakanya:

• isifuba
• amaphaphu
• nombala
• wesibeletho
• isisu

Isifo sokuphefumula okungamahlalakhona

Izifo zokuphefumula ezingamahlalakhona izifo ezithinta imigwaqo yomoya namaphaphu. Ezinye zalezi zifo zinezakhi zofuzo.

Kodwa-ke, ezinye izimbangela zibandakanya ukukhetha indlela yokuphila efana nokubhema nezimo zemvelo njengokuchayeka ekungcolisweni komoya, ikhwalithi yomoya engeyinhle, kanye nomoya omncane ongafanele.

Yize lezi zifo zingelapheki, zingalawulwa ngokwelashwa. Izifo ezivame kakhulu zokuphefumula zihlanganisa:

• isifo esingapheliyo sokuvimbela kwamaphaphu (COPD)
• isifuba somoya
• izifo zamaphaphu emsebenzini, njengephaphu elimnyama
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme wamaphaphu
• i-cystic fibrosis

Isifo sikashukela

Isifo sikashukela senzeka lapho umzimba ungakwazi ukukhiqiza i-insulin eyanele, i-hormone elawula ushukela wegazi (i-glucose). Kungenzeka futhi lapho umzimba ungakwazi ukusebenzisa kahle i-insulin oyikhiqizayo.

Eminye imiphumela yesifo sikashukela ifaka phakathi isifo senhliziyo, ukulahleka kombono, nokulimala kwezinso. Uma amazinga kashukela engalawulwa, isifo sikashukela singalimaza kakhulu ezinye izitho nezinhlelo emzimbeni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zesifo sikashukela:

• Thayipha isifo sikashukela sokuqala uvame ukutholakala ebuntwaneni noma ebudaleni. Kungumphumela wokungasebenzi kahle kwamasosha omzimba.
• Thayipha isifo sikashukela sesi-2 kuvame ukutholwa ngesikhathi sokukhula kamuva. Ngokuvamile kungumphumela wokungadli kahle, ukungasebenzi, ukukhuluphala, nezinye izindlela zokuphila nezimo zemvelo.

Ezinye izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela zifaka:

• isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, okubangela ushukela ophakeme wegazi ngamaphesenti amathathu kuya kwayisishiyagalombili abesifazane abakhulelwe e-United States
• ama-prediabetes, isimo esichazwa ngamazinga kashukela egazi aphakeme kakhulu kunokujwayelekile aholela engcupheni enkulu kakhulu yokuthola uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo olusha esikhathini esizayo esiseduze

Izifo ezivame kakhulu ezingathathelwani

Ezinye izifo ezingathathelani ezivame ukuthinta abantu emhlabeni jikelele zibandakanya:

1. Isifo i-Alzheimer's
2. i-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (esibizwa nangokuthi isifo sikaLou Gehrig)
3. isifo samathambo
4. ukunakekelwa kokulahleka kokugula (ADHD)
5. i-autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
6. Ukukhubazeka kukaBell
7. ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo
8. ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa
9. ukukhubazeka kobuchopho
10. isifo esingapheliyo sezinso
11. ubuhlungu obungapheli
12. i-pancreatitis engapheli
13. i-encephalopathy engapheli (CTE)
14. ukuphazamiseka kwegazi / ukopha
15. ukulahleka kokuzwa okuzelwe
16. I-anemia kaCooley (ebizwa nangokuthi i-beta thalassemia)
17. Isifo sikaCrohn
18. ukudana
19. I-Down syndrome
20. eczema
21. isithuthwane
22. i-fetal alcohol syndrome
23. i-fibromyalgia
24. buthaka X syndrome (FXS)
25. hemochromatosis
26. i-hemophilia
27. isifo sokuvuvukala kwamathumbu (IBD)
28. ukuqwasha
29. i-jaundice ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa
30. isifo sezinso
31. ukuhola ubuthi
32. isifo sesibindi
33. imisipha dystrophy (MD)
34. i-myalgic encephalomyelitis / chronic fatigue syndrome (ME / CFS)
35. i-myelomeningocele (uhlobo lwespina bifida)
36. ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
37. i-thrombocythemia eyinhloko
38. ukhwekhwe
39. ukuphazamiseka kokuquleka
40. i-sickle cell anemia
41. ukuphazamiseka kokulala
42. ukucindezeleka
43. i-lupus erythematosus ehlelekile (ebizwa nangokuthi i-lupus)
44. i-systemic sclerosis (ebizwa nangokuthi i-scleroderma)
45. ukuphazamiseka okuhlangene kwe-temporomandibular (TMJ)
46. I-Tourette syndrome (TS)
47. ukulimala okubuhlungu kwengqondo (i-TBI)
48. ukulunywa yizilonda emathunjini
49. ukungaboni kahle
50. Isifo se-von Willebrand (VWD)

Okubalulekile

I-World Health Organisation ikhomba izifo ezingathathelwani njengezinto ezinkulu ezikhathaza impilo yomphakathi kanye nembangela ehamba phambili yako konke ukufa emhlabeni jikelele.

Izingozi eziningi zezifo ezingathathelani ziyagwenywa. Lezi zici zobungozi zifaka:

• ukungasebenzi
• ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi
• ukusetshenziswa kotshwala
• ukudla okungenampilo (okunamafutha amaningi, ushukela osetshenzisiwe, ne-sodium, ngokudla okuncane kwezithelo nemifino)

Izimo ezithile, ezibizwa ngokuthi yizici zobungozi bomzimba, zingaholela kwisifo se-metabolic syndrome. I-Metabolic syndrome ixhunyaniswe nesifo senhliziyo nesifo sikashukela. Lezi zimo zifaka:

• umfutho wegazi ophakanyisiwe: Amamilimitha ayi-130/85 we-mercury (mm Hg) noma ngaphezulu kunombolo noma zombili
• I-HDL (“cholesterol enhle”): ngaphansi kwamamiligremu angama-40 nge-deciliter ngayinye (mg / dL) emadodeni; ngaphansi kuka-50 mg / dL kwabesifazane
• ama-triglycerides: ka-150 mg / dL noma ngaphezulu
• ukuzila amazinga eglucose egazini: 100 mg / dL noma ngaphezulu
• usayizi okhalweni: ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-35 kwabesifazane; ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-40 emadodeni

Umuntu onalezi zinto ezinobungozi kufanele abhekane nabo ngokuthola ukwelashwa nokulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila ukwehlisa izingozi zokuhlaselwa yisifo esingathathelwani.

Izici zobungozi umuntu angenakuzishintsha zifaka ubudala, ubulili, ubuhlanga, nomlando womndeni.

Yize izifo ezingathathelani ziyizimo zesikhathi eside ezivame ukwehlisa isikhathi sokuphila komuntu, zingaphathwa ngokwelashwa nangezinguquko zendlela yokuphila.

Uma kutholakala ukuthi unesifo esingaxhumeki, kubalulekile ukunamathela kuhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uhlala uphilile ngangokunokwenzeka.