Ukudla okunomsoco: kuyini nokuthi kwenzelwe ini

-Delile

• Yenzelwe ini
• Izinhlobo zokudla okunomsoco
• Ungamondla kanjani umuntu ngokudla okunomsoco
• 1. Ukudla okuchotshoziwe
• 2. amafomula Enteral
• Izinkinga ezingenzeka
• Lapho kungafanele isetshenziswe

Ukudla okunomsoco uhlobo lokudla okuvumela ukuphathwa kwazo zonke izakhi zomzimba, noma ingxenye yazo, ngohlelo lwesisu, lapho umuntu engakwazi ukudla ukudla okujwayelekile, mhlawumbe ngoba kudingeka ukufaka ama-calories amaningi, noma ngoba kukhona ukulahleka wezakhamzimba, noma ngoba kuyadingeka ukushiya uhlelo lokugaya ukudla luphumule.

Lolu hlobo lokudla okunomsoco lunikezwa ngepayipi, elaziwa ngokuthi ishubhu lokudla, elingabekwa kusukela ekhaleni, noma emlonyeni, esiswini, noma emathunjini. Ubude baso nendawo efakwe kuyo kuyehluka kuye ngesifo esiyisisekelo, isimo sempilo jikelele, ubude besikhathi kanye nenhloso okumele izuzwe.

Enye indlela ejwayelekile yokuhlinzeka ngokudla okungena ngaphakathi nge-ostomy, lapho kufakwa khona ithubhu ngqo kusuka esikhunjeni kuya esiswini noma emathunjini, kukhonjiswa lapho lolu hlobo lokondla ludinga ukwenziwa ngaphezu kwamasonto amane, njengoba kwenzeka ku amacala abantu abane-Alzheimer's advanced.

Yenzelwe ini

Ukudla okunomsoco kuyasetshenziswa lapho kunesidingo sokufaka ama-calories amaningi futhi lawa angeke ahlinzekwe ngokudla okujwayelekile, noma lapho isifo esithile singakuvumeli ukusetshenziswa kwama-calories ngomlomo. Noma kunjalo, amathumbu kumele asebenze kahle.

Ngakho-ke, ezinye izimo lapho ukunikezwa kokudla okunomsoco kungasetshenziswa yilezi:

• Izingane ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi ezingaphansi kwamasonto angama-24 ubudala;
• Isifo sokuphefumula;
• Ukukhubazeka komgudu wamathumbu;
• Ukuhlukumezeka ekhanda;
• Isifo samathumbu esifushane;
• I-pancreatitis enamandla esigabeni sokutakula;
• Isifo sohudo esingapheliyo nesifo samathumbu esivuthayo;
• Ukushisa noma i-caustic esophagitis;
• Isifo se-Malabsorption;
• Ukungondleki okukhulu;
• Ukuphazamiseka kokudla, njenge-anorexia nervosa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlobo lokudla okunempilo lungasetshenziswa futhi njengendlela yenguquko phakathi kokudla okunomsoco, okufakwa ngqo emthanjeni, nokondla ngomlomo.

Izinhlobo zokudla okunomsoco

Kunezindlela eziningana zokuphatha ukondleka kokungena ngaphakathi ngeshubhu, okubandakanya:

Lolu hlobo lokondla lunganikezwa ngomjovo, owaziwa ngokuthi i-bolus, noma ngamandla adonsela phansi noma iphampu lokumnika. Okufanelekile, kufanele inikezwe okungenani njalo emahoreni ama-3 kuye kwangu-4, kepha kunezimo lapho ukondla kungenziwa khona ngokuqhubekayo, ngosizo lwempompo lokumnika. Lolu hlobo lwepompo lilingisa ukunyakaza kwamathumbu, okwenza ukondla kubekezeleleke kangcono, ikakhulukazi lapho kufakwa ithubhu emathunjini.

Ungamondla kanjani umuntu ngokudla okunomsoco

Ukudla nenani elizonikezwa kuzoncika ezintweni ezithile, ezifana nobudala, isimo somsoco, izidingo, izifo namandla okusebenza kohlelo lokugaya ukudla. Kodwa-ke, into ejwayelekile ukuqala ukondla ngevolumu ephansi engama-20 mL ngehora, elanda kancane kancane.

Izakhamzimba zinganikezwa ngokudla okugayiwe noma ngefomula yokungena:

1. Ukudla okuchotshoziwe

Kuqukethe ukuphathwa kokudla okuchobozekile nokuhlungiwe nge-probe. Kulokhu, isazi sokudla okunempilo kumele abale ngokuningiliziwe ukudla, kanye nomthamo wokudla nesikhathi okufanele kunikezwe ngaso. Kulokhu kudla kujwayelekile ukufaka imifino, izilimo eziyizigaxa, inyama engenamafutha nezithelo.

Isazi sokudla okunempilo singacabanga nokunezela ekudleni ngefomula yokungena, ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala okwanele kwazo zonke izakhi zomzimba, ukuvimbela ukungondleki okungenzeka.

Yize kuseduze nokudla okudala, lolu hlobo lokudla okunomsoco lusengozini enkulu yokungcola ngamagciwane, angagcina anciphise ukumuncwa kwezinye izakhamzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba kuqukethe ukudla okuchotshoziwe, lokhu kudla futhi kunengozi enkulu yokuvinjelwa kwephenyo.

2. amafomula Enteral

Kunezindlela eziningi ezenziwe ngomumo ezingasetshenziswa ukucindezela izidingo zabantu ekudleni okungenayo, okubandakanya:

• I-Polymeric: amafomula aqukethe zonke izakhamzimba, kufaka phakathi amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, amafutha, amavithamini namaminerali.
• Okuyisisekelo sokuqala, i-oligomeric noma i-semi-hydrolyzed: amafomula anezakhi zomzimba ezigaywe ngaphambili, kube lula ukumunca ezingeni lamathumbu;
• Okuphansi noma i-hydrolyzed: zinazo zonke izakhamzimba ezilula ekubunjweni kwazo, kuba lula kakhulu ukuzimunca ezingeni lamathumbu.
• Modular: zingamafomula aqukethe i-macronutrient kuphela njengamaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate noma amafutha. Lawa mafomula asetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukukhulisa inani le-macronutrient ethile.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kukhona namanye amafomula akhethekile ukwakheka kwawo okuguqulelwa kwezinye izifo ezingamahlalakhona njengesifo sikashukela, izinkinga zesibindi noma ukuphazamiseka kwezinso.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Ngesikhathi sokudla okunomsoco, izinkinga ezithile zingavela, kusuka ezinkingeni zemishini, njengokuvinjelwa kwethubhu, ezifweni, njenge-aspiration pneumonia, noma ukuqhuma kwesisu, ngokwesibonelo.

Izinkinga zemetabolism noma ukwehla emzimbeni, ukuswelakala kwamavithamini namaminerali, ukwanda kweshukela egazini noma ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte nakho kungavela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungahle kube nezimo zohudo, ukuqunjelwa, ukuqunjelwa, i-reflux, isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza.

Kodwa-ke, zonke lezi zinkinga zingagwenywa uma kukhona ukugadwa nokuholwa okuvela kudokotela, kanye nokuphathwa kahle kwethubhu namafomula wokudla.

Lapho kungafanele isetshenziswe

Ukudla okunomsoco kuphikisana neziguli ezisengozini enkulu yokuphefumula, okungukuthi, uketshezi oluvela kushubhu lungangena emaphashini, okuvame kakhulu kubantu abanenkinga yokugwinya noma abahlushwa i-reflux enamandla.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu kufanele futhi agweme ukusebenzisa ukudla okunomsoco kubantu abancishisiwe noma abangazinzile, abanesifo sohudo esingapheliyo, ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu, ukuhlanza kaningi, ukopha esiswini, i-necrotizing enterocolitis, i-pancreatitis ebukhali noma ezimweni lapho kukhona i-atresia yamathumbu. Kuwo wonke lawa macala, inketho enhle kakhulu imvamisa ukusetshenziswa kwesondlo sabazali. Bona ukuthi lolu hlobo lokudla okunomsoco luqukethe ini.