Ukushoda Kwezempilo kanye Nezifo ZikaCrohn

-Delile

• Izinhlobo Zokushoda Kwezokudla
• Amakholori
• Amaprotheni
• Amafutha
• Insimbi
• Uvithamini B-12
• I-Folic Acid
• Amavithamini A, D, E, noK
• Izinki
• I-Potassium neSodium
• I-calcium
• Magnesium
• Izimpawu ze-Malabsorption
• Izimbangela ze-Malabsorption
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Malabsorption
• Q:
• A:

Lapho abantu bedla, iningi lokudla kudilizwa esiswini bese kumunca amathumbu amancane. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abaningi abanesifo sikaCrohn - futhi cishe kubo bonke abanesifo esincane seCrohn's disease - ithumbu elincane alikwazi ukuncela izakhi kahle, okuholela kulokho okwaziwa ngokuthi yi-malabsorption.

Abantu abanesifo sikaCrohn banamathambo avuthayo emathunjini. Ukuvuvukala noma ukucasuka kungenzeka kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomgudu wamathumbu, kepha kuvame ukuthinta ingxenye engezansi yamathumbu amancane, eyaziwa njenge-ileum. Amathumbu amancane kulapho ukumuncwa komsoco okubucayi kwenzeka, ngakho-ke abantu abaningi abanesifo sikaCrohn abagaye futhi bamunce izakhi kahle. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-malabsorption yamavithamini namaminerali abalulekile. Lokhu kushoda kwamavithamini namaminerali kungagcina kuholele ezinkingeni ezengeziwe zezempilo, njengokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni nokungondleki.

Ngenhlanhla, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungasiza odokotela ukuthi banqume ukuthi abantu abanesifo sikaCrohn bathola amavithamini nezakhi zomzimba abazidingayo. Uma bengekho, bangathunyelwa kudokotela wesisu ukuze ahlolwe. I-gastroenterologist umuntu ogxile kakhulu ezifweni ezithinta umgudu wamathumbu nesibindi. Bangancoma uhlelo lokwelashwa lomuntu onenkinga yokudla okunempilo ngenxa yesifo sikaCrohn.

Izinhlobo Zokushoda Kwezokudla

Abantu abanesifo sikaCrohn bangaba nenkinga yokuthola inani elikhulu lamavithamini nezakhi zomzimba, kufaka phakathi:

Amakholori

Amakholori atholakala kuma-macronutrients, njenge-carbohydrate, amaprotheni, namafutha. Lapho othile engamunci amakhalori anele ngenxa ye-malabsorption, bavame ukulahlekelwa isisindo esikhulu ngokushesha okukhulu.

Amaprotheni

Abantu abanesifo sikaCrohn bangadinga ukwengeza ukudla kwabo kwamaprotheni ngenxa:

• ukusetshenziswa kwama-steroids aphezulu, njenge-prednisone
• ukulahlekelwa igazi isikhathi eside noma isifo sohudo
• amanxeba noma ama-fistula athinta amathumbu amancane

Amafutha

Abantu abanesifo esibi sikaCrohn futhi asebesuswe ngaphezu kwamamitha ama-3 we-ileum yabo bangadinga ukufaka amafutha anempilo kakhulu ekudleni kwabo.

Insimbi

I-anemia, noma ukuntuleka kwamangqamuzana abomvu aphilile enempilo, kungumphumela ojwayelekile ohlangothini lwesifo sikaCrohn. Lesi simo singaholela ekusweleni kwensimbi, abantu abaningi abane-Crohn's badinga ukungezelelwa okungeziwe kwensimbi.

Uvithamini B-12

Abantu abanokuvuvukala okukhulu futhi abasuswe ileamu yabo bavame ukudinga imijovo ejwayelekile kavithamini B-12.

I-Folic Acid

Abantu abaningi abanesifo sikaCrohn bathatha i-sulfasalazine ukwelapha izimpawu zabo. Kodwa-ke, lo muthi ungathinta amandla omzimba wokusebenzisa i-folate, okwenza izithako ze-folic acid zidingeke. Abantu abanesifo esibanzi sikaCrohn's jejunum, noma isigaba esiphakathi samathumbu amancane, nabo bangadinga ukwengeza ukuphuza i-folic acid.

Amavithamini A, D, E, noK

Ukushoda kwala mavithamini ancibilika okunamafutha kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa ne-fat malabsorption nokuvuvukala kwamathumbu amancane. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi zihlobene nokususwa kwezingxenye ezinkulu ze-ileum noma i-jejunum. Ingozi yokushoda kukavithamini D nayo ikholelwa ukuthi iphakeme kubantu abathatha i-cholestyramine, ngoba lo muthi ungaphazamisa ukumuncwa kukavithamini D.

Izinki

Abantu abanesifo sikaCrohn bangadinga ukuthatha izithako ze-zinc uma:

• babe nokuvuvukala okukhulu
• babe nohudo olungapheli
• sebesuswe i-jejunum yabo
• bathatha i-prednisone

Lezi zinto zingaphazamisa amandla omzimba okuthola i-zinc.

I-Potassium neSodium

Ikholoni, noma amathumbu amakhulu abhekele ukucubungula uketshezi nama-electrolyte. Abantu abakhishwe lesi silungu ngokuhlinzwa bazodinga ukukhulisa ukudla kwabo i-potassium ne-sodium. Kukhona ingozi eyengeziwe yokulahleka kwe-potassium kubantu abathatha i-prednisone futhi abahlala bezwa isifo sohudo noma ukuhlanza.

I-calcium

Ama-steroid aphazamisa ukumuncwa kwe-calcium, ngakho-ke abantu abathatha le mithi ukwelapha izimpawu zesifo sikaCrohn kuzodingeka ukuthi bafake i-calcium eningi ekudleni kwabo.

Magnesium

Abantu abanesifo sohudo esingalapheki noma abasuswe ileamu noma ijeeum kungenzeka bangakwazi ukuthola kahle i-magnesium. Leli yiminerali esemqoka yokukhula kwethambo nezinye izinqubo zomzimba.

Izimpawu ze-Malabsorption

Abantu abaningi abanesifo sikaCrohn abanazo izimpawu zokungenwa yi-malabsorption, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi uvivinywe njalo ngokushoda kokudla okunempilo. Lapho kuvela izimpawu ze-malabsorption, zingafaka:

• ukuqunjelwa
• igesi
• ukuqunjelwa yisisu
• indle enamafutha noma enamafutha
• uhudo olungamahlalakhona

Ezimweni ezimbi ze-malabsorption, ukukhathala noma ukwehla kwesisindo okungazelelwe nakho kungenzeka.

Izimbangela ze-Malabsorption

Izici eziningana ezihlobene nesifo sikaCrohn zingaba nomthelela ekwenziweni kwe-malabsorption:

• Ukuvuvukala: Ukuphikelela, ukuvuvukala okuhlala isikhathi eside kwamathumbu amancane kubantu abanesifo esincane seCrohn's disease kuvame ukuholela ekulimaleni kolwelwesi lwamathumbu. Lokhu kungaphazamisa ikhono lomzimba lokumunca izakhi kahle.
• Imithi: Imithi ethile esetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sikaCrohn, njenge-corticosteroids, nayo ingathinta amandla omzimba okuthola izakhamzimba.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Abanye abantu abaye bakhishwa ingxenye ethile yamathumbu abo amancane ngokuhlinzwa bangavele babe nethumbu elincane elisele ukuze limunce ukudla. Lesi simo, esaziwa njenge-short bowel syndrome, asijwayelekile. Imvamisa kutholakala kuphela kubantu abanamasentimitha angaphansi kwama-40 wamathumbu amancane asele ngemuva kokuhlinzwa okuningi.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Malabsorption

Ukushintshwa kwezakhi zomzimba kuvame ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kubantu abanokushoda kokudla okunempilo ngenxa yesifo sikaCrohn. Izakhi zomzimba ezilahlekile zingashintshwa ngokudla okuthile nezithako zokudla. Izithasiselo zingathathwa ngomlomo noma zinikezwe ngomthambo (ngemithambo).

Ukugwema ukudla okuthile kubalulekile futhi ekwelapheni i-malabsorption. Ukudla okuhlukahlukene kungenza igesi noma uhudo kube kubi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqubuka, kepha izimpendulo zingazodwana. Ukudla okungenzeka kube nezinkinga kufaka:

• ubhontshisi
• imbewu
• i-broccoli
• iklabishi
• ukudla okusawolintshi
• ibhotela nemargarini
• ukhilimu osindayo
• ukudla okuthosiwe
• ukudla okubabayo
• ukudla okunamafutha amaningi

Abantu abanokuvinjelwa kwamathumbu bangadinga ukugwema ngokuphelele ukudla ukudla okunefayibha ephezulu, njengezithelo nemifino eluhlaza.

Abantu abanesifo sikaCrohn bayakhuthazwa ukuba badle ukudla okunempilo, okunempilo ukuze bathuthukise ukumuncwa kwamavithamini namaminerali. Kunconywa nokuthi udle amanani amancane okudla usuku lonke futhi uphuze amanzi amaningi. Ubisi lungadinga ukugwenywa, njengoba abanye abanesifo sikaCrohn behluleka ukubekezelela ubisi.

Q:

Ngabe ukudla okuthile kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukushoda kokudla okunempilo kubantu abanesifo sikaCrohn? Uma kunjalo, yiziphi?

Isiguli esingaziwa

A:

Yebo, ukudla okuthile kungasiza. Ukwatapheya ungamafutha agayeka kalula futhi acebile nge-folate, ama-oysters acebile nge-iron- ne-zinc, futhi imifino emnyama enamaqabunga aphekiwe icebile nge-folate, i-calcium, ne-iron (okuhambisana nokudla kukavithamini C njengamawolintshi noma amajikijolo). I-salmon ekheniwe enamathambo, ubisi lwezitshalo eziqiniswe nge-calcium, ubhontshisi, nama-lentile nakho kuyimithombo emihle kakhulu yezakhi zomzimba ezivame ukubulawa yi-malabsorbed.

UNatalie Butler, RD, Izimpendulo ze-LDA zimelela imibono yochwepheshe bethu bezokwelapha. Konke okuqukethwe kunolwazi oluqinile futhi akufanele kuthathwe njengezeluleko zezokwelapha.