Konke Mayelana Nokuhlala Kwezinto Nengane Yakho

-Delile

• Kuyini unomphela kwento?
• Kwenzeka nini?
• Zama ukungakhathazeki
• Ubukhazikhazi be-nitty yombono kaPiaget
• Ucwaningo lokuhlola oluphathelene nokuhlala unomphela kwento
• Uhlangothi olunzima kakhulu lwento unomphela: ukukhathazeka ngokwehlukana
• Imidlalo ongayidlala kulesi sigaba
• Bheka lab
• Fihla uthole
• Imidlalo engaphezulu: Liyini ibhokisi lezinto ezihlala njalo?
• Ukuthatha

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Kuyini unomphela kwento?

Kungazwakala njengomtholampilo omncane, kepha ukuhlala unomphela kungesinye sezinyathelo ezibalulekile zentuthuko ozozijabulela nengane yakho. Kafushane, unomphela wento kusho ukuthi ingane yakho iyaqonda ukuthi izinto ezingakwazi ukuzibona - wena, inkomishi yazo, isilwane - zisekhona.

Uma ufihla ithoyizi olithandayo lapho udlala nengane encane kakhulu, kwenzekani? Bangabonakala bedidekile isikhashana noma becasukile kodwa bese beyeka ngokushesha ukufuna. Ngempela ngokoqobo "kungabonakali, ngaphandle kwengqondo."

Lapho ingane yakho isikuthole unomphela into, noma kunjalo, cishe izobheka ithoyizi noma izame ukuyibuyisa - noma ngisho ngokuzwakalayo ikhulume ukungenami kwayo ngokunyamalala kwayo. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi bayazi ukuthi ithoyizi lisekhona!

Ukuthuthuka kokuhlala unomphela kusiza ingane yakho ukuthi ifinyelele emikhakheni emihle kakhulu, kufaka phakathi:

• ukuthuthukiswa kwememori
• ukuhlola
• sengathi ukudlala
• ukutholwa kolimi

Kungathinta nokuthi ingane yakho isabela kanjani lapho uphuma egumbini - izinyembezi ezingazelelwe noma umsindo ojwayelekile we-pterodactyl shriek? - noma ngabe kungohambo olusheshayo lokugezela.

Lokhu kukhathazeka ngokwehlukana nakho kuyingxenye ejwayelekile yentuthuko. Ukudlala imidlalo ethile (njenge-peekaboo) nengane yakho kungabasiza bafunde ukuthi yebo, ukhona nakanjani ngibuya, njengoba ubuhlala wenza njalo.

Ake sihlolisise ukuthi ungasiza kanjani okuncane njengoba bekhulisa umqondo wokuhlala unomphela futhi basebenze ngokuxhalaba kokuhlukana.

Kwenzeka nini?

Lapho nje izingane sezikwazi ukubona ubuso (cishe izinyanga ezimbili zeminyaka) nezinto ezijwayelekile (cishe izinyanga ezintathu), ziqala ukuqonda ukuthi kukhona yini lezi zinto.

Ngemuva kwalokho bangaqala ukufuna amathoyizi owafihlile, bazijabulise ngokumbula noma ukuvula izinto, bese bekhanyisa lokho kusine okuyigugu okungenamazinyo phakathi nemidlalo efana ne-peekaboo.

UJean Piaget, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo yengane nomcwaningi owaqhamuka nomqondo wokuhlala unomphela kwento, uphakamise ukuthi leli khono alikhuli kuze kube yilapho ingane inezinyanga eziyi-8 ubudala. Kepha manje sekuvunyelwene ngokujwayelekile ukuthi izingane ziqala ukuqonda unomphela wento ngaphambi kwesikhathi - ndawo thize phakathi kwezinyanga ezine nezingu-7.

Kuzothatha ingane yakho isikhathi esithile ukuthuthukisa ngokugcwele lo mqondo. Bangase balandele ithoyizi elifihliwe ngolunye usuku futhi babonakale bengenandaba nosuku olulandelayo. Lokhu kuvamile impela, ngakho ungakhathazeki!

Zama ukungakhathazeki

Kujwayelekile impela ukuthi ufune ingane yakho ukuthi ifinyelele emikhakheni yentuthuko elindelwe kakhulu kusenesikhathi. Uma kubonakala sengathi basalele emuva kancane, kujwayelekile nokuzibuza ukuthi kungani.

Ungazizwa ukhathazekile kancane uma ingane yakho isondele ezinyangeni eziyi-8 kodwa noma kunjalo akubonakali ukulibona ithoyizi labo eligxishiwe lifihlwe ngaphansi kwengubo. Kepha khululeka kalula: Ukuthuthuka akwenzeki ngendlela efanayo kuyo yonke ingane, futhi ingane yakho izofinyelela leli qophamlando ngesikhathi salo.

Kubuye kwaphakanyiswa ukuthi abantwana abangawafuni amathoyizi abo bangavele bangabi nentshisekelo enkulu kulelo thoyizi. Masibe neqiniso - iningi lethu laliphendula amakhaya ethu libheke phansi lifuna okhiye bezimoto zethu ngenkathi i-joker elahlekile evela emgodini wamakhadi ingasifanele isikhathi sethu.

Uma ukhathazekile, noma kunjalo, ukukhuluma nodokotela wezingane wengane yakho kungasiza ekunciphiseni noma yikuphi ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho uma ingane yakho ingakaqedi unomphela wento okwamanje.

Ubukhazikhazi be-nitty yombono kaPiaget

Umqondo wokuhlala unomphela wento uvela kumcabango kaPiaget wokuthuthuka kwengqondo. UPiaget ukholelwe lokhu okulandelayo:

• Izingane zingafunda zodwa, ngaphandle kosizo oluvela kubantu abadala noma kwezinye izingane.
• Izingane azidingi mivuzo noma inkuthazo engaphandle yokufunda izinto ezintsha.
• Izingane zisebenzisa ulwazi lwazo ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lwazo lomhlaba.

Kusukela emsebenzini wakhe nezingane, wakhe inkolelo-mbono yentuthuko esekwe esigabeni. Ukuhlala njalo kwento kuyingqophamlando enkulu ezigabeni zokuqala ezine - inzwa isigaba. Lesi sigaba sibonisa isikhathi esiphakathi kokuzalwa neminyaka engu-2.

Ngalesi sigaba, ingane yakho ifunda ukuzama nokuhlola ngokunyakaza nezinzwa zazo, ngoba okwamanje aziqondi izimpawu noma umcabango ongaqondakali.

Lokhu kusho ukuphutha okuningi okufanele isithombe, ukuwa phansi, ukubamba nokuphonsa wonke lawo mathoyizi osanda kuwacosha, nokufaka yonke into eyodwa angayithola emilonyeni yawo. Kepha kulungile, ngoba yile ndlela izingane ezifunda ngayo. (Futhi yizo kanye izinto ezenza ogogo bamamatheke, ngakho-ke lungela ukuthatha lezi zikhathi bese wabelana ngazo!)

Njengoba sesivele simbozile, uPiaget wayekholelwa ukuthi ukuqonda unomphela kwento kwaqala eminyakeni yobudala yezinyanga eziyi-8. Kepha izingane eziningi ziqala ukuthola lo mbono ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ungaba nobufakazi bokuzibonela kulokhu, uma ingane yakho enezinyanga ezinhlanu isivele ibamba amathoyizi afihliwe!

Abanye ochwepheshe bagxeke ezinye izindawo zocwaningo lukaPiaget. Ubecabanga ukuthi izigaba zentuthuko zenzeka kuzo zonke izingane ngasikhathi sinye. Kepha ubufakazi besayensi manje buxhasa umbono wokuthi izingane zikhula ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene.

Ngokuvamile, nokho, ucwaningo lukaPiaget lubambe kahle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi imibono yakhe ngentuthuko isabambe indawo ebalulekile kwezemfundo nakwezengqondo.

Ucwaningo lokuhlola oluphathelene nokuhlala unomphela kwento

UPiaget nabanye abacwaningi basizile ukukhombisa ukuthi unomphela wento usebenza kanjani ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo ezimbalwa ezahlukahlukene.

Esinye sezivivinyo zokuqala zikaPiaget sasihilela ukufihla amathoyizi ukubona ukuthi ingane izolifuna yini ithoyizi. UPiaget wayebonisa ingane ithoyizi bese elimboza ngengubo.

Izingane ebezifuna ithoyizi zikhombisile ukuthi ziyaqonda ukuthi ithoyizi lisekhona ngenkathi lingakwazi ukulibona. Izingane ezazibonakala zicasukile noma zididekile zazingakakhulumi unomphela wento.

UPiaget nabanye abacwaningi basebenzise i- ukubheka unomphela bento. Wayetshengisa ingane ithoyizi, bese elifihla ngaphansi kwebhokisi (A). Ngemuva kokuthi ingane ithole ithoyizi ngaphansi kweBhokisi A amahlandla ambalwa, yayilifihla ithoyizi esikhundleni sebhokisi lesibili (B), iqinisekise ukuthi ingane ifinyelela kalula kuwo womabili amabhokisi.

Izingane ezibheke ngaphansi kwe-Box A ukuthola ithoyizi zikhombisile ukuthi azisakwazi ukusebenzisa amakhono okucabanga angaqondakali ukuqonda ithoyizi lisendaweni entsha.

Ucwaningo lwamuva lusize abantu ukuthi babone ukuthi ukuhlala unomphela kwento kungavela ngaphambi kwezinyanga eziyi-8 ubudala. Abaphenyi basebenze nezingane ezinezinyanga ezinhlanu nje kuphela ubudala, bebakhombisa isikrini esihamba e-arc.

Lapho izingane sezijwayele ukubuka ukunyakaza kwesikrini, abacwaningi babeka ibhokisi ngemuva kwesikrini. Ngemuva kwalokho bakhombisa izingane umcimbi "ongenzeka", lapho isikrini sifike ebhokisini sayeka ukunyakaza, nomcimbi "ongenakwenzeka", lapho isikrini siqhubeka sidabula esikhaleni esibhokisi.

Izingane zazivame ukubheka umcimbi ongenakwenzeka isikhathi eside. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi izingane zaqaphela:

• izinto eziqinile azikwazi ukudlula
• izinto zikhona noma zingabonakali

Ngakho-ke ungalenzi iphutha: Ingane yakho isivele ingu-Einstein omncane.

Uhlangothi olunzima kakhulu lwento unomphela: ukukhathazeka ngokwehlukana

Ezinye izimpawu zokuhlala unomphela enganeni yakho zingaba mnandi futhi zijabulise, njengokuzibuka ziqonde ngqo ithoyizi olifihlile. Ezinye izimpawu… hhayi kakhulu.

Ukukhathazeka ngokwahlukana nakho kuvame ukukhula ngasikhathi sinye njengokuhlala kwento, futhi lokhu kungahle kungathandeki kangako. Manje ingane yakho iyazi ukuthi usaphila noma ngabe bayakubona noma cha.

Ngakho-ke lapho bengakuboni, abajabuli, futhi bazokwazisa ngaso leso sikhathi. Kakhulu ukuchama ngokuthula.

Lokhu kungakhungathekisa ekhaya, futhi kukwenza kube nzima ngempela ukushiya ingane yakho enkulisa noma ne-sitter, noma ngabe uyazi ukuthi izophila ngokuphelele.

Ingane yakho ingazizwa ingakhululekile neze phakathi kwabantu ongabazi ngalesi sikhathi ("ukukhathazeka ongaziwa"). Lokhu kungenza ukwahlukana kube nzima kakhulu - futhi kube nengcindezi kini nobabili.

Kepha zama ukungakhathazeki. Lesi sigaba ngesesikhashana, futhi kungekudala uzokwazi ukubashiya ngokuphepha esihlalweni sabo sokudlala noma se-bouncy ngenkathi ufaka umthwalo wokuhlanza izingubo noma ugijimela endlini yangasese - ngaphandle kokuzilungiselela lokho kulila okungenakugwemeka.

Imidlalo ongayidlala kulesi sigaba

Ukudlala nengane yakho kuyindlela enhle yokusiza ukuthuthukisa ukuqonda kwabo unomphela wento. Enye inzuzo? Imidlalo yokuhlala unomphela kwento ingasiza ingane yakho ukuthi ijwayele umqondo wokuthi noma ungahle uhambe kancane, uzobuya maduzane.

Bheka lab

Lo mdlalo wakudala ulungele ingane yakho, kepha ungazama izinto ezahlukahlukene ukuyishintsha.

• Faka ingubo encane ekhanyayo, noma ithawula elihlanzekile ekhanda lengane yakho ukuze ubone ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuyikhumula.
• Zama ukumboza ikhanda lakho kanye nekhanda lengane ukuze ubone ukuthi omncane wakho uyakuthola yini ngemuva kokukhipha ingubo yakhe. Izingane ezingaphezulu kwezinyanga eziyi-10 zingaphumelela kakhulu lapha!
• Sebenzisa elinye lamathoyizi wengane yakho ukudlala i-peek-a-boo ngokuyiqhamuka ngemuva kwezinto ezahlukahlukene noma izingcezu zefenisha. Landela iphethini bese ubona ukuthi ingane yakho ingaqala ukubikezela ukuthi ithoyizi lizovela kuphi ngokulandelayo.

Fihla uthole

• Vumela ingane yakho ikubuke umboza ithoyizi ngezingqimba ezimbalwa zamathawula noma izindwangu ezithambile. Khuthaza ingane yakho ukuthi iqhubeke nokususa izingqimba ize ithole ithoyizi.
• Ngomntwana osekhulile, zama ukufihla amathoyizi ambalwa azungeze igumbi. Bayeke bakubuke bese ubakhuthaza ukuthi bathole wonke amathoyizi.
• Zifihle! Uma ingane yakho ikwazi ukukhasa noma ukuhamba, hamba ekhoneni noma ngemuva komnyango bese ukhuluma nayo, ubakhuthaze ukuthi beze bazokufuna.

Ingane yakho iyawuthanda umsindo wezwi lakho, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nabo kuyo yonke imidlalo, ubakhuthaze futhi ubathokozise lapho bethola izinto. Kuyasiza nokuqhubeka ukhulume lapho uphuma egumbini. Lokhu kubenza bazi ukuthi useseduze.

Imidlalo engaphezulu: Liyini ibhokisi lezinto ezihlala njalo?

Leli ithoyizi elilula lamapulangwe elingasiza ingane yakho ukuthi ifunde kabanzi ngokuhlala unomphela kwento. Inembobo phezulu nethileyi ohlangothini olulodwa. Iza nebhola elincane.

Ukukhombisa ingane yakho ukuthi idlala kanjani nebhokisi, yeka ibhola emgodini. Jabula futhi unake ibhola lapho liphuma lingena kuthileyi. Phinda lokhu kanye noma kabili bese uvumela ingane yakho izame!

Leli thoyizi alisizi nje ngokuhlala unomphela kwento. Kuhle futhi ngokusiza ingane yakho ithuthukise amakhono ayo wokuhlanganisa iso nokukhumbula. Izikole eziningi zaseMontessori ziyayisebenzisa, futhi ungazithenga kalula online ukuze uzisebenzise ekhaya.

Ukuthatha

Uma ingane yakho ithukuthele lapho uphuma egumbini noma ubamba ngokushesha ukudla okulahliwe namathoyizi afihliwe, kungenzeka ukuthi aqala ukuthola ukulengiswa kwale nto yaphakade.

Kuyingxenye ejwayelekile yokuthuthuka kokuqonda okusiza ukusetha ingane yakho ukuba icabangisise kahle nolimi kanye nokutholwa kwezimpawu.

Ungaqala ukubona lokhu enganeni yakho lapho inezinyanga ezi-4 noma ezi-5 kuphela ubudala, kodwa ungakhathazeki uma kuthatha isikhathi eside. Maduzane, ngeke usakwazi ukudonsa uboya (noma ingubo kakotini ethambile kakhulu ngaphezulu kwamehlo abo!