Ukususwa Kwe-Parathyroid Gland

-Delile

• Kuyini ukususwa kwendlala ye-parathyroid?
• Kungani ngidinga ukususwa kwendlala ye-parathyroid?
• Izimpawu ze-hypercalcemia
• Izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kokususwa kwendlala ye-parathyroid
• I-parathyroidectomy eqondiswa ngomsakazo
• I-parathyroidectomy esizwa ngevidiyo (ebizwa nangokuthi i-endoscopic parathyroidectomy)
• Ukulungiselela ukuhlinzwa
• Izingozi zokuhlinzwa
• Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa

Kuyini ukususwa kwendlala ye-parathyroid?

Izindlala ze-parathyroid zinezingcezu ezine ezingazincane nezindilinga. Zinamathele ngemuva kwendlala yegilo entanyeni yakho. Lezi zindlala ziyingxenye yohlelo lwe-endocrine. Uhlelo lwakho lwe-endocrine lukhiqiza futhi lilawule amahomoni athinta ukukhula kwakho, ukukhula, ukusebenza komzimba, kanye nomoya.

Izindlala zeParathyroid zilawula inani le-calcium egazini lakho. Lapho izinga le-calcium liphansi egazini lakho, lezi zindlala zikhipha i-hormone ye-parathyroid (PTH), ethatha i-calcium emathanjeni akho.

Ukususwa kwendlala ye-Parathyroid kubhekisele ohlotsheni lokuhlinzwa olwenziwe ukususa lezi zindlala. Kuyaziwa nangokuthi i-parathyroidectomy. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungasetshenziswa uma igazi lakho line-calcium eningi kulo. Lesi yisimo esaziwa njenge-hypercalcemia.

Kungani ngidinga ukususwa kwendlala ye-parathyroid?

I-Hypercalcemia yenzeka lapho amazinga e-calcium egazi ephakeme kakhulu ngokungajwayelekile. Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-hypercalcemia ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-PTH koyedwa noma ngaphezulu kwezindlala ze-parathyroid. Leli uhlobo lwe-hyperparathyroidism olubizwa nge-primary hyperparathyroidism. I-hyperparathyroidism eyinhloko iphindwe kabili kwabesifazane kunakwabesilisa. Iningi labantu okutholwe ukuthi line-hyperthyroidism eyinhloko lineminyaka engaphezu kwengama-45 ubudala. Isilinganiso seminyaka yokuxilongwa sineminyaka engama-65.

Ungadinga futhi ukususwa kwendlala ye-parathyroid uma une:

• izimila ezibizwa ngokuthi i-adenomas, ezivame ukuba nobungozi futhi ezingavamile ukuba umdlavuza
• izimila ezinomdlavuza noma eduze kwezindlala
• i-parathyroid hyperplasia, isimo lapho zonke izindlala ezine ze-parathyroid zikhuliswa khona.

Izinga legazi le-calcium lingakhuphuka noma ngabe kuthinteka indlala eyodwa kuphela. Indlala eyodwa kuphela ye-parathyroid ebandakanyekayo kumaphesenti angaba ngu-80 kuya kwangu-85 amacala.

Izimpawu ze-hypercalcemia

Izimpawu zingacaci ezigabeni zokuqala ze-hypercalcemia. Njengoba isimo siqhubeka, ungahle ube:

• ukukhathala
• ukudana
• ubuhlungu bemisipha
• ukungathandi ukudla
• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• ukoma ngokweqile
• ukuchama kaningi
• ubuhlungu besisu
• ukuqunjelwa
• ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• ukudideka
• amatshe ezinso
• ukuphuka kwamathambo

Abantu abangenazo izimpawu bangadinga ukuqashwa kuphela. Amacala amancane angaphathwa ngokwezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, uma i-hypercalcemia ingenxa ye-hyperparathyroidism eyinhloko, ukuhlinzeka kuphela okususa izindlala ezithintekayo ze-parathyroid kuzonikeza ikhambi.

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ye-hypercalcemia yile:

• ukwehluleka kwezinso
• umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• i-arrhythmia
• isifo semithambo yegazi
• inhliziyo ekhulisiwe
• i-atherosclerosis (imithambo enezingqimba ezinamafutha eziba lukhuni futhi zisebenze ngokungajwayelekile)

Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwe-calcium emithanjeni nasemagagasi enhliziyo.

Izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kokususwa kwendlala ye-parathyroid

Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuthola nokususa izindlala ze-parathyroid ezigulayo.

Ngendlela yendabuko, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uhlola zonke izindlala ezine ngamehlo ukuze abone ukuthi yiziphi ezinesifo futhi okufanele zisuswe. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuhlolwa kwentamo yamazwe womabili. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo wenza imbobo phakathi nendawo ukwehlisa ingxenye yentamo yakho. Kwesinye isikhathi, udokotela ohlinzayo uzosusa zombili izindlala ohlangothini olulodwa.

Uma une-imaging ekhombisa indlala eyodwa kuphela yesifo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho, ungahle ube ne-parathyroidectomy encane enokuthambeka okuncane (okungaphansi kwe-intshi eyodwa ubude). Izibonelo zamasu angasetshenziswa phakathi kwalolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa, olungadinga ukusikwa okuncane, kufaka phakathi:

I-parathyroidectomy eqondiswa ngomsakazo

Ku-parathyroidectomy eqondiswa ngumsakazo, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo usebenzisa okokusebenza okukhipha imisebe okuzomunca zonke izindlala ezine ze-parathyroid. Uphenyo olukhethekile lungathola umthombo wemisebe evela endleni ngayinye ukuze kutholakale futhi kutholwe izindlala (i) zepathyroid. Uma oyedwa noma ababili ohlangothini olufanayo begula, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo udinga kuphela ukwenza imbobo encane ukususa indlala (s) enesifo.

I-parathyroidectomy esizwa ngevidiyo (ebizwa nangokuthi i-endoscopic parathyroidectomy)

Ku-parathyroidectomy esizwa ngevidiyo, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo usebenzisa ikhamera encane ku-endoscope. Ngale ndlela, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo wenza ukusikeka okumbili noma okuthathu okuncane kwe-endoscope nezinsimbi zokuhlinza ezinhlangothini zentamo kanye nokusika okukodwa ngaphezu kwesifuba sesifuba. Lokhu kunciphisa ukusikeka okubonakalayo.

I-parathyroidectomy encane engahlaseli ivumela ukutakula ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, uma kungatholakali zonke izindlala ezigulayo futhi zisuswe, amazinga aphezulu e-calcium azoqhubeka, futhi kungahle kube nesidingo sokuhlinzwa okwesibili.

Abantu abane-hyperplasia ye-parathyroid (ethinta zonke izindlala ezine) imvamisa kuzosuswa izindlala ezintathu nohhafu ze-parathyroid. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzoshiya izicubu ezisele ukulawula amazinga e-calcium egazi. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo izicubu zezindlala ezibizwa ngokuthi yi-parathyroid okuzodingeka ukuthi zihlale emzimbeni zizosuswa endaweni yentamo bese zifakwa endaweni efinyelelekayo, njengengalo, uma kungenzeka ukuthi zisuswe kamuva.

Ukulungiselela ukuhlinzwa

Kuzodingeka uyeke ukuthatha imishanguzo ephazamisa ikhono legazi lokuvala cishe isonto ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• i-aspirin
• clopidogrel
• ibuprofen (Advil)
• i-naproxen (Aleve)
• warfarin

Udokotela wakho wokubulala izinzwa uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha nawe bese anqume ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokubulala izinzwa ongayisebenzisa. Uzodinga futhi ukuzila ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Izingozi zokuhlinzwa

Izingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa ngokuyinhloko zifaka izingozi ezithintekayo kunoma yiluphi olunye uhlobo lokuhlinzwa. Okokuqala, i-anesthesia ejwayelekile ingadala izinkinga zokuphefumula kanye ne-allergen noma okunye ukusabela okungathandeki emithini esetshenzisiwe. Njengokunye ukuhlinzwa, ukopha nokutheleleka nakho kungenzeka.

Izingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa zifaka phakathi ukulimala kwendlala yegilo kanye nemizwa entanyeni elawula imisipha yezwi. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ungaba nezinkinga zokuphefumula. Lezi zivame ukuphela emasontweni noma ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Amazinga e-calcium egazi ngokwehla aye ngemuva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa. Lapho izinga legazi le-calcium liphansi kakhulu, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-hypocalcemia. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ungahle uzwe ukundikindiki noma ukuncinza ezandleni zakho, ezinzwaneni, noma ezindebeni. Lokhu kuvinjelwa noma kwelashwa kalula ngama-calcium supplements, futhi lesi simo siphendula ngokushesha kuma-supplements. Imvamisa akuhlali unomphela.

Ungase futhi ucabangele ukufinyelela kudokotela ohlinzayo onolwazi ukuze unciphise izinto eziyingozi. Odokotela abahlinzayo abenza okungenani ama-parathyroidectomies angama-50 ngonyaka babhekwa njengongoti. Isazi esinekhono cishe sizoba namanani aphansi kakhulu ezinkinga zokuhlinzwa. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akukho ukuhlinzwa okungaqinisekiswa njengokungenazo nhlobo izingozi.

Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa

Ungabuyela ekhaya ngosuku olufanayo lokuhlinzwa noma ulale ubusuku esibhedlela. Ngokuvamile kunezinhlungu noma ukungakhululeki okulindelekile ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, okufana nomphimbo obuhlungu.Abantu abaningi bangabuyela emisebenzini yabo ejwayelekile kungapheli isonto noma amabili, kepha kungahluka kumuntu nomuntu.

Njengendlela yokuqapha, amazinga akho e-calcium negazi le-PTH azobhekwa okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Ungathatha izithasiselo zonyaka ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukuze wakhe kabusha amathambo aphucwe i-calcium.