I-Patent Ductus Arteriosus

-Delile

• Yini Ebangela I-Patent Ductus Arteriosus?
• Yiziphi Izimpawu Ze-Patent Ductus Arteriosus?
• I-Patent Ductus Arteriosus Itholakala Kanjani?
• I-Echocardiogram
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG)
• Yiziphi Izinketho Zokwelashwa ze-Patent Ductus Arteriosus?
• Imithi
• Izinqubo Ezisuselwa ku-Catheter
• Ukwelashwa Okuhlinzwa
• Yiziphi izinkinga ezihambisana ne-Patent Ductus Arteriosus?
• Uyini Umbono Wesikhathi Eside?

Kuyini i-Patent Ductus Arteriosus?

I-Patent ductus arteriosus (i-PDA) iyinkinga ejwayelekile yokuzalwa kwenhliziyo eyenzeka ezinganeni ezingaba ngu-3 000 minyaka yonke e-United States, ngokusho kweCleveland Clinic. Kwenzeka lapho umthambo wegazi wesikhashana, obizwa ngokuthi i-ductus arteriosus, ungavali ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa. Izimpawu zingase zibe zincane noma zibe nzima. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukukhubazeka kungahamba kungabonakali futhi kungaba khona lapho usumdala. Ukulungiswa kwesici kuvame ukuphumelela futhi kubuyisele inhliziyo ekusebenzeni kwayo okujwayelekile.

Enhliziyweni ejwayele ukusebenza, umthambo wamaphaphu uhambisa igazi emaphashini ukuze liqoqe umoya-mpilo. Igazi elinomoya-mpilo bese lihamba nge-aorta (umthambo omkhulu womzimba) liye kuwo wonke umzimba. Esibelethweni, umthambo wegazi obizwa nge-ductus arteriosus uxhuma i-aorta ne-pulmonary artery. Ivumela igazi ukuba ligeleze lisuka emthanjeni wamaphaphu liye e-aorta futhi liphumele emzimbeni ngaphandle kokudlula emaphashini. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ingane ekhulayo ithola igazi elinomoya-mpilo kunina, hhayi emaphashini abo.

Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane, i-ductus arteriosus kufanele ivale ukuvimbela ukuxuba igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo emthanjeni wamaphaphu kanye negazi elinomoya-mpilo ovela ku-aorta. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, ingane ine-patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Uma udokotela engalitholi iphutha, ingane ingakhula ibe umuntu omdala one-PDA, yize lokhu kungavamile.

Yini Ebangela I-Patent Ductus Arteriosus?

I-PDA ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okuvamile e-United States, kodwa odokotela abaqiniseki kahle ukuthi yini ebanga lesi simo. Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungabeka izingane engozini. I-PDA ivame kakhulu emantombazaneni kunabafana.

Yiziphi Izimpawu Ze-Patent Ductus Arteriosus?

Ukuvulwa kwe-ductus arteriosus kungahle kusuka kokuncane kuya kokukhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimpawu zingaba mnene kakhulu zibe nzima. Uma ukuvulwa kuncane kakhulu, kungahle kungabikho zimpawu futhi udokotela wakho angathola isimo kuphela ngokuzwa ukukhononda kwenhliziyo.

Ngokuvamile, usana noma ingane ene-PDA izoba nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ukujuluka
• ukuphefumula okusheshayo nokusindayo
• ukukhathala
• ukuzuza kwesisindo esibi
• intshisekelo encane yokondla

Esimweni esingavamile lapho i-PDA ingatholakali khona, umuntu omdala onesici angathola izimpawu ezibandakanya ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuphefumula okuncane, kanye nezinkinga ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini, inhliziyo ekhulisiwe, noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okucinana.

I-Patent Ductus Arteriosus Itholakala Kanjani?

Udokotela uvame ukuxilonga i-PDA ngemuva kokulalela inhliziyo yengane yakho. Izimo eziningi ze-PDA zibangela ukububula kwenhliziyo (umsindo owengeziwe noma ongajwayelekile ekushayeni kwenhliziyo), udokotela angakuzwa nge-stethoscope. I-X-ray yesifuba nayo ingadingeka ukuze ubone isimo senhliziyo namaphaphu engane.

Izingane ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungenzeka zingabi nazo izimpawu ezifanayo nokuzalwa okugcwele, futhi kungadinga izivivinyo ezengeziwe ukuqinisekisa i-PDA.

I-Echocardiogram

I-echocardiogram isivivinyo esisebenzisa amaza omsindo ukudala isithombe senhliziyo yengane. Akubuhlungu futhi kuvumela udokotela ukuthi abone ubukhulu benhliziyo. Iphinde ivumele udokotela ukuthi abone ukuthi ngabe kukhona okungahambi kahle ekuhambeni kwegazi. I-Echocardiogram iyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yokuhlonza i-PDA.

I-Electrocardiogram (EKG)

I-EKG iqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo futhi ibone isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile. Ezinganeni, lokhu kuhlolwa kungakhomba nenhliziyo ekhulisiwe.

Yiziphi Izinketho Zokwelashwa ze-Patent Ductus Arteriosus?

Ezimweni lapho ukuvulwa kwe-ductus arteriosus kuncane kakhulu, akukho ukwelashwa okungadingeka. Ukuvuleka kungavalwa lapho usana lukhula. Kulokhu, udokotela wakho uzofuna ukuqapha i-PDA njengoba ingane ikhula. Uma ingavali yodwa, ukwelashwa noma ukwelashwa kuzodingeka ukugwema izinkinga.

Imithi

Enganeni ezalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, umuthi obizwa nge-indomethacin ungasiza ukuvala ukuvulwa kwe-PDA. Uma unikezwa ngaphakathi, lo muthi ungasiza ukuqinisa imisipha futhi uvale i-ductus arteriosus. Lolu hlobo lwezokwelapha luvame ukusebenza kuphela ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. Ezinganeni nasezinganeni ezindala, ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kungadingeka.

Izinqubo Ezisuselwa ku-Catheter

Enganeni noma ingane ene-PDA encane, udokotela wakho angancoma inqubo "yokuvalwa kwedivayisi yetrascatheter", ngokusho kwe-. Le nqubo yenziwa njengesiguli esingalaliswayo futhi ayibandakanyi ukuvula isifuba sengane. I-catheter yishubhu elincane eliguquguqukayo eliqondiswa ngomthambo wegazi oqala emgodini futhi liqondiswe enhliziyweni yengane yakho. Idivayisi evimbayo idluliswa nge-catheter bese ibekwa ku-PDA. Umshini uvimba ukuhamba kwegazi ngomkhumbi futhi uvumela ukugeleza kwegazi okujwayelekile kubuye.

Ukwelashwa Okuhlinzwa

Uma ukuvulwa kukhulu noma kungazivaleli kukodwa, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ukulungisa iphutha. Lolu hlobo lokwelashwa luvame ukwenzelwe izingane ezinezinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu. Kodwa-ke, izinsana ezincane zingathola le mpatho uma zinezimpawu. Ngezinqubo zokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho angakunikeza ama-antibiotic ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwamagciwane ngemuva kokuphuma esibhedlela.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezihambisana ne-Patent Ductus Arteriosus?

Amacala amaningi e-PDA atholakala futhi alashwa ngemuva nje kokuzalwa. Kuyinto engavamile kakhulu ukuthi i-PDA ihambe ingatholakali ibe umuntu omdala. Uma kunjalo, kungadala izinkinga eziningana zempilo. Okukhulu ukuvulwa, kuba nzima kakhulu izinkinga. Kodwa-ke okungajwayelekile, i-PDA yabantu abadala engalashwa ingaholela kwezinye izimo zezokwelapha kubantu abadala, njenge:

• ukuphefumula noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme wamaphaphu, noma umfutho wegazi ophakanyisiwe emaphashini, ongalimaza amaphaphu
• i-endocarditis, noma ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwenhliziyo ngenxa yokutheleleka ngamagciwane (abantu abanokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okuhlelekile basengozini enkulu yokutheleleka)

Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu ze-PDA yabantu abadala engalashwa, ukugeleza kwegazi okwengeziwe kungagcina kukhulise usayizi wenhliziyo, kunciphise imisipha namandla ayo okupompa igazi ngempumelelo. Lokhu kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo nokufa.

Uyini Umbono Wesikhathi Eside?

Umbono muhle kakhulu lapho i-PDA itholwa futhi yelashwa. Ukubuyiselwa kwezingane ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi kuzoya ngokuthi ingane izalwe ngokushesha kangakanani nokuthi ngabe ezinye izifo zikhona noma cha. Iningi lezinsana lizolulama ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokubhekana nezinkinga ezihlobene ne-PDA.