Iyini iPathophysiology yeCOPD?

-Delile

• Umphumela we-COPD emaphashini
• Izimbangela ze-COPD
• Ukubona izinguquko zomzimba ezibangelwa yi-COPD
• Ezinye izimpawu zokuqhubeka kweCOPD
• Ukuvimbela i-COPD

Ukuqonda isifo samaphaphu esingapheliyo

Isifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary disease (COPD) yisimo esisongela impilo esithinta amaphaphu akho kanye namandla akho okuphefumula.

I-Pathophysiology ukuvela kwezinguquko ezingezinhle zokusebenza ezihambisana nesifo. Kubantu abane-COPD, lokhu kuqala ngomonakalo ezindleleni zomoya nasemasakeni amancane omoya emaphashini. Izimpawu ziqhubeka ukusuka ekukhwehleleni nge-mucus kuya ekuphefumuleni kanzima.

Umonakalo owenziwe yi-COPD awukwazi ukuhlehliswa. Kodwa-ke, kunezinyathelo ezithile zokuvimbela ongazithatha ukwehlisa ubungozi bokuthuthukisa i-COPD.

Umphumela we-COPD emaphashini

I-COPD yisikhathi sesambulela sezifo eziningana ezingalapheki zamaphaphu. Izimo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-COPD yi-bronchitis engapheli ne-emphysema. Lezi zifo zithinta izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zamaphaphu, kodwa zombili ziholela ekubeni nobunzima bokuphefumula.

Ukuqonda i-pathophysiology yeCOPD, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukwakheka kwamaphaphu.

Uma uhogela, umoya wehlela phansi ku-trachea wakho bese udlula kumashubhu amabili abizwa nge-bronchi. Igatsha le-bronchi liphuma liye kumashubhu amancane abizwa ngama-bronchioles. Emaphethelweni ama-bronchioles kukhona amasaka amancane omoya abizwa nge-alveoli. Ekupheleni kwama-alveoli kukhona ama-capillaries, okuyimithambo yegazi emincane.

Umoya-mpilo usuka emaphashini uye egazini ngokusebenzisa la ma-capillaries. Ngokushintshana, i-carbon dioxide isuka egazini iye kuma-capillaries bese iya emaphashini ngaphambi kokuba iphele.

I-Emphysema yisifo se-alveoli. Imicu eyakha izindonga ze-alveoli iyonakala. Umonakalo ubenza bangabi nokunwebeka kalula futhi bangakwazi ukubuyela emuva lapho uphuma, okwenza kube nzima ukukhipha isikhutha emaphashini.

Uma imigwaqo yomoya yamaphaphu ivuvukala, lokhu kubangela i-bronchitis ngokukhiqizwa okulandelayo kwe-mucus. Uma i-bronchitis iqhubeka, ungathola i-bronchitis engapheli. Nawe ungaba neziqubu zesikhashana ze-bronchitis ebukhali, kepha lezi ziqephu azithathwa njengezifana ne-COPD.

Izimbangela ze-COPD

Imbangela enkulu yeCOPD ukubhema ugwayi. Ukuphefumula intuthu namakhemikhali ayo kungalimaza imigwaqo yomoya kanye nezikhwama zomoya. Lokhu kukushiya usengcupheni ye-COPD.

Ukuvezwa intuthu kagwayi, amakhemikhali ezemvelo, kanye nomusi ophuma kugesi oshiswa ukupheka ezakhiweni ezingenawo umoya nakho kungaholela ku-COPD. Thola izimbangela eziningi ze-COPD lapha.

Ukubona izinguquko zomzimba ezibangelwa yi-COPD

Izimpawu ezinzima ze-COPD azivame ukuvela kuze kube yilapho isifo sesithuthuke kakhulu. Ngoba i-COPD ithinta amaphaphu akho, ungazithola usuphefumula kanzima ngemuva kokuzivocavoca umzimba okuncane.

Uma uzithola uphefumula kanzima kunokujwayelekile ngemuva komsebenzi ojwayelekile, njengokukhuphuka izitebhisi, kufanele ubone udokotela. Ukuhlolwa okugxile ezingeni lakho lempilo yokuphefumula kungaveza izimo ezifana ne-bronchitis engapheli ne-emphysema.

Esinye sezizathu zokuphefumula kuba nzima kakhulu ukuthi amaphaphu akhiqiza amafinyila amaningi kanti ama-bronchioles ayavuvukala futhi anciphe ngenxa yalokho.

Ngamafinyila amaningi ezindleleni zakho zomoya, umoya-mpilo omncane udonswa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umoya-mpilo omncane ufinyelela kuma-capillaries wokushintshaniswa kwegesi emaphashini akho. I-carbon dioxide encane nayo iyakhishwa.

Ukukhwehlela ukuzama ukusiza ukukhulula amafinyila emaphashini kuyisibonakaliso esivamile seCOPD. Uma uqaphela ukuthi ukhiqiza amafinyila amaningi nokukhwehlela ngaphezulu ukuwasula, kufanele ubone udokotela.

Ezinye izimpawu zokuqhubeka kweCOPD

Njengoba i-COPD iqhubeka, ezinye izinkinga eziningi zempilo zingalandela.

Ngaphandle kokukhwehlela, ungazibona uhefuzela lapho uphefumula. Ukwakheka kwe-mucus nokuncipha kwe-bronchioles ne-alveoli nakho kungadala ukuqina kwesifuba. Lezi akuzona izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokuguga. Uma uhlangabezana nazo, bheka udokotela wakho.

I-oxygen encane ejikeleza emzimbeni wakho ingakushiya uzizwa uphethwe amakhanda noma ukhathele. Ukuntuleka kwamandla kungaba uphawu lwezimo eziningi, futhi imininingwane ebalulekile ongabelana ngayo nodokotela wakho. Kungasiza ukunquma ukungathi sína kwesimo sakho.

Kubantu abane-COPD engathi sína, ukwehla kwesisindo nakho kungenzeka njengoba umzimba wakho udinga amandla amaningi okuphefumula.

Ukuvimbela i-COPD

Enye yezindlela ezilula zokuvimbela i-COPD ukungalokothi uqale ukubhema noma uyeke ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Noma ngabe usubheme iminyaka eminingi, ungaqala ukugcina impilo yakho yamaphaphu ngomzuzu oyeka ngawo ukubhema.

Uma uhamba isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokubhema, kukhula amathuba okugwema i-COPD. Lokhu kuyiqiniso noma ngabe uneminyaka emingaki lapho uyeka.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi uhlolwe njalo futhi ulandele izeluleko zikadokotela wakho. Azikho iziqinisekiso uma kukhulunywa nge-COPD. Kodwa-ke, ungathatha izinyathelo zokugcina ukusebenza kwamaphaphu okungcono uma ukhuthele ngempilo yakho.