Yini engadala ukulahleka kombono

-Delile

• 1.Uthwathwa
• 2. Ukwehla kweMacular
• 3. I-glaucoma
• 4. I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela
• 5. Ibutho le-retinal

Ukulahleka kombono, ezimweni eziningi, kungagwenywa ngoba izimo eziholela ekulahlekelweni kombono okuqhubekayo zilawulwa kalula ngokushintsha imikhuba yokudla, ukugqoka izibuko zelanga kanye nokuhlolwa kwamehlo okujwayelekile, okungakhomba noma iyiphi inkinga yamehlo esesigabeni sokuqala, engelashwa nombono ulondoloziwe.

I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela kanye nokuwohloka kwe-macular, ngokwesibonelo, kungagwenywa kalula ngokulawula i-glucose yegazi nokugqoka izibuko zelanga ngokulandelana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukuthi kuboniswane ngezikhathi ezithile nodokotela wezifo zamehlo, ikakhulukazi uma kunomlando emndenini wokulahleka kombono, ikakhulukazi uma kunomlando we-glaucoma ne-cataract.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokulahleka kombono yilezi:

1.Uthwathwa

I-cataract ibonakala ngokuguga kwelensi yeso, okuholela ekuboneni okufiphele, ukuzwela okukhulayo ekukhanyeni nasekulahlekelweni kombono okuqhubekayo futhi kungenzeka impilo yonke noma ngemuva nje kokuzalwa. Kungaphakama uchuku ngenxa yezimo ezahlukahlukene, njengokusebenzisa imishanguzo ye-corticosteroid, ukushaywa iso noma ikhanda, izifo zamehlo nokuguga.

Yize kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kombono, i-cataract ingaguqulwa ngokuphelele ngokuhlinzwa, lapho ilensi yeso ithathelwa indawo yi-ocular lens. Ukusebenza kokuhlinzwa akuxhomekile kubudala bomuntu, kodwa ezingeni lokungaboni kahle. Thola ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa kwe-cataract nokuthi i-post-operative injani.

Ungakugwema kanjani: I-cataract yisifo okunzima ukusigwema, okungenani ngoba ingane isivele izalwe inezinguquko kuleso leso. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuya kudokotela wamehlo ukuthola izivivinyo ezingakhomba noma iyiphi inkinga yombono, ikakhulukazi uma kunezimpawu zokutheleleka kwamehlo noma uma umuntu enesifo sikashukela, i-myopia, i-hypothyroidism noma ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwemithi, ngokwesibonelo.

2. Ukwehla kweMacular

Ukwehla kwe-Macular, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukwehla kwe-retinal, kuyisifo esivezwa ukulimala nokugqoka kwi-retina, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kancane kancane kwekhono lokubona izinto ngokucacile nokuvela kwendawo emnyama enkabeni yombono. Lesi sifo sivame ukuhlotshaniswa neminyaka yobudala, sivame kakhulu kusukela eminyakeni engama-50, kepha singenzeka futhi kubantu abanomlando womndeni, abanokushoda kokudla okunempilo, abavame ukuvezwa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet noma abane-hypertension, ngokwesibonelo.

Ungakugwema kanjani: Ukuvikela ukonakala kwe-retina, kubalulekile ukuba nemikhuba yokudla enempilo, ugweme ukubhema nokugqoka izibuko zelanga ukuvikela emisebeni ye-ultraviolet, ngaphezu kokuya kudokotela wamehlo njalo uma unezimpawu noma umlando womndeni.

Kwezinye izimo, ngokwezinga lokuvela kwalesi sifo, udokotela angancoma ukwelashwa nge-laser, imishanguzo yomlomo noma ye-intraocular, njenge-Ranibizumab noma i-Aflibercept, ngokwesibonelo. Thola imininingwane eminingi yokwelashwa kokuwohloka kwe-macular.

3. I-glaucoma

I-Glaucoma yisifo esingelapheki esingaholela ekulahlekelweni kombono okuqhubekayo ngenxa yokufa kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa ze-optic. I-glaucoma yisifo esithule, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukunaka ukuvela kwezinye izimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma kunomlando womndeni we-glaucoma, njengokuncipha kwensimu yokubona, ubuhlungu bamehlo, ukufiphala noma ukufiphala, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu kanye ukuhlanza.

Ungakugwema kanjani: Yize lungekho ikhambi, ukulahleka kombono ngenxa ye-glaucoma kungavinjelwa ngokulinganisa umfutho wamehlo ezivivinyweni zamehlo ezijwayelekile. Imvamisa, lapho kuqinisekiswa ukuthi ingcindezi esweni iphezulu, kuyadingeka ukwenza uchungechunge lwezivivinyo zamehlo ezivumela ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka. Bona ukuthi iziphi izivivinyo ezikhomba i-glaucoma.

Ukwelashwa kwe-glaucoma kufanele kunconywe ngudokotela wamehlo ngokwezinga lokubandakanyeka kwe-ocular, futhi kunganconywa ukusetshenziswa kwamaconsi wamehlo, imishanguzo, ukwelashwa nge-laser noma ukuhlinzwa, okukhonjiswa kuphela lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa zingenayo imiphumela oyifunayo. .

4. I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela

I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela ingumphumela wamazinga aphezulu eglucose egazi, okuvame kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 futhi abangenakho ukulawula okwanele kwesifo sikashukela. Ushukela wegazi owedlulele ungadala ukulimala okuqhubekayo kwi-retina nemithambo yegazi enisela amehlo, okuholela ekuboneni ukufiphala, ubukhona bamabala amnyama embonweni kanye nokulahleka kombono okuqhubekayo.

I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela ingahlukaniswa ngokobukhulu besilonda esweni, okuyisimo esibi kakhulu esibizwa ngokuthi i-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, esibonakala ngokuvela nokuqhekeka kwemikhumbi entekenteke kakhudlwana emehlweni, enokopha, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retina ubumpumputhe.

Ungakugwema kanjani: I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela ingagwenywa ngokulawula i-glycemia okumele yenziwe yiziguli ezinesifo sikashukela ngokuya ngokuqondiswa yi-endocrinologist. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi abantu abanesifo sikashukela benze izivivinyo zamehlo minyaka yonke ukuze noma yiziphi izinguquko zamehlo zikhonjwe kusenesikhathi futhi zishintshwe.

Endabeni yokuphindaphindeka kwesifo sikashukela, udokotela wamehlo angancoma ukwenza izinqubo zokuhlinza ukuqeda imikhumbi emisha eyakhiwe esweni noma ukuyeka ukopha, ngokwesibonelo. Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi umuntu alandele imihlahlandlela ye-endocrinologist yokulawulwa kwesifo sikashukela.

5. Ibutho le-retinal

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retinal, okubonakala lapho i-retina ingekho esimweni sayo esifanele, yisimo esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha ukuze kungabikho ukulahleka kombono ngokuphelele. Lesi simo singenzeka ngenxa yokushaywa okunamandla kakhulu esweni noma ekhanda, noma ngenxa yezifo noma izinqubo zokuvuvukala, okwenza ingxenye ye-retina ingabi nokutholakala kwegazi ne-oksijini okwanele, okungaholela ekufeni kwezicubu zomzimba futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ubumpumputhe.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retinal kuvame kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala noma abahlukunyezwe ngamandla ekhanda futhi kungabonakala ngokubonakala kwamabala amancane amnyama emkhakheni wokubona, ukukhanya kokukhanya okuvela ngokuzumayo, ukungakhululeki kokufiphalisiwe iso nokubona, isibonelo.

Ungakugwema kanjani: Ukugwema ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retina, kunconywa ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 noma abake bathola uhlobo oluthile lwengozi noma abanesifo sikashukela, ngokwesibonelo, bahlolwe iso njalo ukuze udokotela abheke ukuthi i-retina isesimweni esifanele yini.

Uma kubonakala ushintsho esimweni, ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka ukuxazulula le nkinga nokuvikela ukungaboni. Ukuhlinzwa ukuphela kwendlela yokwelashwa kwe-retinal detachment futhi uhlobo lokuhlinzwa luxhomeke ebucayi besimo, esingenziwa nge-laser, i-cryopexy noma umjovo womoya noma igesi esweni. Yazi inkomba yohlobo ngalunye lokuhlinzwa.