Izithombe Zezinguquko Zemvelo ze-MS

-Delile

• Umonakalo wenzeka kuphi?
• I-MS igxila ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi
• Ukubaluleka kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa
• I-MS iqala ngokuvuvukala
• Ukuvuvukala kuhlose i-myelin
• Amafomu ezicubu ezibomvu ezindaweni ezilimele
• Ukuvuvukala kungabulala namaseli we-glial
• Kwenzekani ngokulandelayo?

Ngabe i-MS iwonakalisa kanjani umonakalo wayo?

Uma wena noma othandekayo une-multiple sclerosis (MS), usuvele uyazi ngezimpawu. Kungabandakanya ubuthakathaka bemisipha, inkathazo ngokusebenzisana nokulinganisela, izinkinga zokubona, izinkinga zokucabanga nokukhumbula, nemizwa efana nokuba ndikindiki, ukubhoboza, noma “izikhonkwane nezinaliti.”

Lokho ongakwazi ukuthi lesi sifo esizimele sithinta kanjani umzimba. Ngabe iphazamisa kanjani uhlelo lokuthumela imiyalezo olusiza ubuchopho bakho ukulawula izenzo zakho?

Umonakalo wenzeka kuphi?

Ukulimala kwemizwa kungenzeka noma kuphi emgogodleni kanye / noma ebuchosheni, yingakho izimpawu ze-MS zingahluka kuye ngomuntu. Ngokuya ngendawo nobukhulu bokuhlaselwa kwamaseli amhlophe egazi, izimpawu zingafaka:

• ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi
• ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha
• ubuthakathaka
• ukuthuthumela
• Izinkinga zamathumbu nesinye
• izinkinga zamehlo
• ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa
• ubuhlungu ebusweni
• izingqinamba zobuchopho njengokulahleka kwememori
• izindaba zocansi
• izinkinga ngokukhuluma nokugwinya

I-MS igxila ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi

I-MS ihlasela izicubu ebuchosheni nasentanyeni yomgogodla, eyaziwa njenge isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko (CNS). Lolu hlelo lubandakanya inethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi yamangqamuzana ezinzwa abhekele ukuthumela, ukwamukela nokuhumusha imininingwane evela kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba.

Ngesikhathi sokuphila kwansuku zonke, umgogodla uthumela imininingwane ebuchosheni ngalezi zingqamuzana zemizwa. Ingqondo bese ihumusha imininingwane bese ilawula ukuthi usabela kanjani kuyo. Ungacabanga ngobuchopho njengekhompyutha emaphakathi nomgogodla njengekhebula phakathi kobuchopho nomzimba wonke.

Ukubaluleka kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa

Amaseli emizwa (ama-neuron) athatha imiyalezo esuka engxenyeni ethile yomzimba ayise kwenye ngokusebenzisa amandla kagesi namakhemikhali. Ngamunye unomzimba weseli, ama-dendrites, ne-axon. I- dendrites mincane, ifana nezakhiwo zewebhu eziphuma emzimbeni weseli. Benza njengama-receptors, bethola amasiginali avela kwamanye amaseli ezinzwa futhi bawadlulisele emzimbeni weseli.

I- i-axon, okubizwa nangokuthi i-fiber fiber, ukuqagela okufana nomsila okusebenza okuphikisanayo kwama-dendrites: ithumela amandla kagesi kwamanye amaseli ezinzwa.

Into enamafutha eyaziwa njenge myelin ihlanganisa i-axon yeseli lezinzwa. Le ngubo ivikela futhi ivikele i-axon njengegobolondo lenjoloba elivikela futhi livimbele intambo kagesi.

I-Myelin yenziwe nge-up lipids (okunamafutha) namaprotheni. Ngaphezu kokuvikela i-axon, ibuye isize amasiginali ezinzwa ahamba ngokushesha asuke engxenyeni ethile yomzimba aye kolunye, noma aye ebuchosheni. I-MS ihlasela i-myelin, iyaphula futhi iphazamise amasiginali wezinzwa.

I-MS iqala ngokuvuvukala

Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi i-MS iqala ngokuvuvukala. Amaseli amhlophe alwa nokutheleleka adalwa amandla athile angaziwa angena kwi-CNS bese ahlasela amangqamuzana ezinzwa.

Ososayensi bacabanga ukuthi igciwane elifihlekile, uma lisebenza, lingadala ukuvuvukala. Isici sofuzo noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwamasosha omzimba nakho kungaba yicala. Noma ngabe iyiphi inhlansi, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ayahlasela.

Ukuvuvukala kuhlose i-myelin

Lapho ama-spikes wokuvuvukala, i-MS isebenza. Ukuhlasela amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi kulimaza i-myelin evikela i-nerve fiber (i-axon). Cabanga ngentambo kagesi eyonakele enezintambo ezibonakalayo, futhi uzoba nesithombe sokuthi imicu yezinzwa ivele kanjani ngaphandle kwe-myelin. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi ukukhishwa esikhundleni.

Njengentambo kagesi eyonakele ingafinyeza noma idale ukuqhuma kwamandla ngezikhathi ezithile, i-fibre ye-nerve eyonakele ngeke isebenze kahle ekudluliseni imizwa yezinzwa. Lokhu kungadala izimpawu ze-MS.

Amafomu ezicubu ezibomvu ezindaweni ezilimele

Uma usikeka engalweni, umzimba wakha utwayi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba ukusika kuphulukisa. Imicu yemithambo futhi yenza izicubu ezibomvu ezindaweni zomonakalo we-myelin. Lesi sicubu siqinile, siqinile, futhi sivimba noma sivimba ukuhamba kwemiyalezo phakathi kwezinzwa nemisipha.

Lezi zindawo zomonakalo zivame ukubizwa izingcwecwe noma izilonda futhi ziyisiginali enkulu yokuba khona kwe-MS. Eqinisweni, amagama athi “multiple sclerosis” asho “izibazi eziningi.”

Ukuvuvukala kungabulala namaseli we-glial

Ngesikhathi sokuvuvukala, ukuhlasela kwamaseli amhlophe egazi nakho kungabulala glial amaseli. Amaseli we-Glial azungeze amangqamuzana ezinzwa futhi anikeze ukusekelwa nokufakwa phakathi kwawo. Agcina amangqamuzana ezinzwa ephilile futhi akhiqiza i-myelin entsha lapho isonakele.

Kodwa-ke, uma amangqamuzana e-glial ebulawa, awakwazi kangako ukuhambisana nokulungiswa. Olunye ucwaningo olusha lokwelashwa kwe-MS lugxile ekuhambiseni amaseli amasha we-glial endaweni yomonakalo we-myelin ukusiza ukukhuthaza ukwakhiwa kabusha.

Kwenzekani ngokulandelayo?

Isiqephu se-MS noma isikhathi somsebenzi wokuvuvukala singahlala noma kuphi ukusuka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuye ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Ezinhlotsheni zokubuyela emuva / zokuxolelwa kwe-MS, umuntu uvame ukuhlangabezana "nokuxolelwa" kungabikho zimpawu. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinzwa zizozama ukuzilungisa futhi zingakha izindlela ezintsha zokuzungeza amangqamuzana ezinzwa awonakele. Ukuthethelelwa kungahlala kusuka ezinyangeni kuye eminyakeni.

Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo eziqhubekayo ze-MS azibonisi ukuvuvukala okungaka futhi kungenzeka zingakhombisi ukuthethelelwa kwezimpawu, noma okungcono kakhulu kuzoba yithafa kuphela bese liqhubeka nokudala umonakalo.

Alikho ikhambi elaziwayo le-MS. Kodwa-ke, izindlela zokwelashwa zamanje zingasinciphisa lesi sifo futhi zisize ukulawula izimpawu.