Ukuhlolwa kwe-PPD: kuyini, kwenziwa kanjani kanye nemiphumela

-Delile

• Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kwe-PPD
• Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-PPD

I-PPD isivivinyo esivamile sokuhlola ukukhomba ubukhona besifo nge Isifo sofuba iMycobacterium futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, sisiza ukuxilongwa kwesifo sofuba. Imvamisa, lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa kubantu abake baxhumana ngqo neziguli ezitheleleke ngamagciwane, noma ngabe zingakhombisi izimpawu zalesi sifo, ngenxa yokusola kokutheleleka okucashile nesifo sofuba, lapho ibhaktheriya lifakiwe kepha asikasibangeli lesi sifo. Thola ukuthi ziyini izimpawu zesifo sofuba.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-PPD, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba se-tuberculin noma ukuphendula kweMantoux, kwenziwa kumalabhorethri wokuhlaziywa kwemitholampilo ngomjovo omncane oqukethe amaprotheni atholakala kubhaktheriya abangaphansi kwesikhumba, futhi kufanele uhlolwe futhi utolikwe kangcono ngudokotela we-pulmonologist ukuze kwenziwe ukuxilongwa okulungile.

Lapho i-PPD ivuma okuhle kunamathuba amaningi okuthi ungcoliswe amagciwane. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kwe-PPD kukodwa akwenele ukuqinisekisa noma ukusikhipha lesi sifo, ngakho-ke uma kwenzeka kusolakala ukuthi isifo sofuba, udokotela kufanele a-oda ezinye izivivinyo, njengesifuba se-X-ray noma amabhaktheriya esikhwehlela, ngokwesibonelo.

Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kwe-PPD

Ukuhlolwa kwe-PPD kwenziwa kwilabhulali yokuhlaziywa kwemitholampilo ngokujovwa kokuhlanjululwa kwamaprotheni okuhlanjiwe (i-PPD), okungukuthi, kwamaprotheni ahlanzwe akhona ebusweni begciwane lesifo sofuba. Amaprotheni ayahlanzwa ukuze lesi sifo singakhuli kubantu abangenawo amabhaktheriya, noma kunjalo amaprotheni asabela kubantu abangenwe yilesi sifo noma abagonyiwe.

Le nto isetshenziswa engalweni yesobunxele futhi umphumela kufanele utolikwe emahoreni angama-72 ngemuva kokufakwa, okuyisikhathi lapho ukusabela kuvame ukuthatha kwenzeke. Ngakho-ke, ezinsukwini ezi-3 ngemuva kokufakwa kweprotheni yesifo sofuba, kunconywa ukuthi ubuyele kudokotela ukuze wazi imiphumela yokuhlolwa, okumele futhi kubhekwe nezimpawu ezethulwe ngumuntu.

Ukuthatha ukuhlolwa kwe-PPD akudingeki ukuzila ukudla noma ukuthatha okunye ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, kunconywa kuphela ukwazisa udokotela uma usebenzisa noma yiluphi uhlobo lomuthi.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa ezinganeni, kwabesifazane abakhulelwe noma kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abekeke engcupheni, kepha-ke, akumele kwenziwe kubantu abanethuba lokuthola ukungezwani komzimba okunzima, njenge-necrosis, isilonda noma ukushaqeka okukhulu kwe-anaphylactic.

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-PPD

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-PPD incike kusayizi wokuphendula esikhumbeni, njengoba kukhonjisiwe esithombeni, ngakho-ke, kungaba:

• Kuze kufike ku-5mm: ngokuvamile, kubhekwa njengomphumela omubi futhi, ngakho-ke, akubonisi ukutheleleka ngamagciwane esifo sofuba, ngaphandle kwezimo ezithile;
• 5 mm kuye ku-9 mm: kungumphumela omuhle, okhombisa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane esifo sofuba, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-10 ezingakagonywanga noma zigonywe nge-BCG isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emibili, abantu abane-HIV / AIDS, abanamasosha omzimba abuthaka noma abanezibazi zesifo sofuba ku-radiograph isifuba;
• 10 mm noma ngaphezulu: umphumela omuhle, okhombisa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane esifo sofuba.

Usayizi wokuphendula esikhumbeni se-PPD

Kwezinye izimo, ukuba khona kokuphendula kwesikhumba okungaphezu kuka-5 mm akusho ukuthi umuntu utheleleke nge-mycobacterium ebanga isifo sofuba. Isibonelo, abantu asebegonyelwe isifo sofuba (umuthi wokugomela i-BCG) noma abanesifo sokutheleleka ngezinye izinhlobo ze-mycobacteria, bangathola ukusabela kwesikhumba lapho kwenziwa uhlolo, okubizwa ngokuthi yimiphumela engeyiphutha.

Umphumela ongemuhle, lapho umuntu etheleleka khona ngamagciwane, kepha engenzi mpendulo ku-PPD, ungavela ezimweni zabantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, njengabantu abane-AIDS, umdlavuza noma abasebenzisa imishanguzo yokuzivikela, ngaphezu kokungondleki kahle, uneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-65, ukuphelelwa amandla emzimbeni noma ukutheleleka okuthile okuyingozi.

Ngenxa yamathuba emiphumela yamanga, isifo sofuba akufanele sitholwe ngokuhlaziya lokhu kuhlolwa kuphela. Udokotela wamaphaphu kufanele acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, okufana nesifuba se-radiography, ukuhlolwa kwe-immunological kanye ne-smear microscopy, okuwukuhlolwa kwelabhoratri lapho isampula lesiguli, imvamisa isikhwehlela, lisetshenziselwa ukuthola i-bacilli ebanga lesi sifo. Lezi zivivinyo kufanele futhi zi-odwe noma ngabe i-PPD ine-negative, njengoba lokhu kuhlolwa kukodwa kungasetshenziswa ukukhipha ukuxilongwa.