Isivivinyo Sesikhathi se-Prothrombin

-Delile

• Kungani kwenziwa isikhathi sokuhlolwa kweprothrombin?
• Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi se-prothrombin?
• Yiziphi izingozi ezihambisana nokuhlolwa kwesikhathi se-prothrombin?
• Isho ukuthini imiphumela yokuhlolwa?

Ukubuka konke

Isivivinyo se-prothrombin time (PT) silinganisa isikhathi esithathayo ukuze i-plasma yakho yegazi ikwazi ukujiya. I-Prothrombin, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-factor II, ingenye nje yamaprotheni amaningi e-plasma abandakanyeka enqubweni yokujiya kwegazi.

Kungani kwenziwa isikhathi sokuhlolwa kweprothrombin?

Uma usika futhi umthambo wegazi lakho uqhekeka, amaplatelets egazi aqoqa endaweni yesilonda. Bakha ipulaki yesikhashana yokunqanda ukopha. Ukuze kukhiqizwe ihlwili eliqinile legazi, uchungechunge lwamaprotheni ayi-plasma ayi-12, noma “izici” ezijiyayo, zisebenza ndawonye ukwenza into ebizwa ngokuthi i-fibrin, evala isilonda.

Isifo sokopha esaziwa njenge-hemophilia singenza ukuthi umzimba wakho udale izinto ezithile zokuqina ngokungalungile, noma cha. Eminye imishanguzo, isifo sesibindi, noma ukushoda kukavithamini K nakho kungadala ukwakheka kwamahlwili okungajwayelekile.

Izimpawu zesifo sokopha zibandakanya:

• ukulinyazwa okulula
• ukopha okungayeki, nangemva kokufaka ingcindezi enxebeni
• izikhathi ezinzima zokuya esikhathini
• igazi emchameni
• amalunga avuvukile noma abuhlungu
• ukuphuma kwamakhala

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi unenkinga yokopha, bangahle bahlele ukuhlolwa kwe-PT ukubasiza ukuthi benze ukuxilongwa. Ngisho noma ungenazo izimpawu zesifo sokopha, udokotela wakho angalawula ukuhlolwa kwe-PT ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi igazi lakho liyajiya ngokujwayelekile ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okukhulu.

Uma uthatha imishanguzo yokuncipha kwegazi i-warfarin, udokotela wakho uzoku-oda ukuhlolwa kwe-PT njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awuphuzi kakhulu. Ukuthatha i-warfarin eningi kakhulu kungadala ukopha ngokweqile.

Isifo sesibindi noma ukushoda kukavithamini K kungadala ukuphazamiseka kokopha. Udokotela wakho angalawula i-PT ukuthi ihlole ukuthi igazi lakho lihlangana kanjani uma unalezi zimo.

Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi se-prothrombin?

Imithi yokuncipha igazi ingathinta imiphumela yokuhlolwa. Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi nezithasiselo ozithathayo. Bazokweluleka ngokuthi uyeke ukuwathatha ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Awudingi ukuzila ngaphambi kwe-PT.

Uzodinga ukuthi igazi lakho lidonselwe ukuhlolwa kwe-PT. Le yinqubo yokwelashwa okuvame ukwenziwa kuyo ilebhu yokuxilonga. Kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela futhi kubanga ubuhlungu obuncane.

Umhlengikazi noma i-phlebotomist (umuntu oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ekudwebeni igazi) uzosebenzisa inaliti encane ukudonsa igazi emthanjeni, imvamisa engalweni noma esandleni sakho. Uchwepheshe waselabhoratri uzofaka amakhemikhali egazini ukuze abone ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwakheka kwehlule.

Yiziphi izingozi ezihambisana nokuhlolwa kwesikhathi se-prothrombin?

Zimbalwa kakhulu izingozi ezihambisana nokukhishwa kwegazi lakho lihlolelwe i-PT. Kodwa-ke, uma unenkinga yokopha, usengozini ethe xaxa yokopha ngokweqile ne-hematoma (igazi eliqongelela ngaphansi kwesikhumba).

Kukhona ingozi encane kakhulu yokutheleleka endaweni yokubhoboza. Ungazizwa uqulekile kancane noma uzwe ubuhlungu noma ubuhlungu obuthile esizeni lapho kukhishwe khona igazi lakho. Kufanele wazise umuntu owenza isivivinyo uma uqala ukuzizwa unesiyezi noma uqulekile.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela yokuhlolwa?

I-plasma yegazi imvamisa kuthatha amasekhondi aphakathi kuka-11 no-13.5 ukumboza uma ungasebenzisi umuthi wokuncipha kwegazi. Imiphumela ye-PT ivame ukubikwa njengenani elejwayelekile lomhlaba jikelele (INR) elivezwa njengenombolo. Ububanzi obujwayelekile bomuntu ongathathi imishanguzo emincane yegazi ngu-0.9 kuye cishe ku-1.1. Kumuntu othatha i-warfarin, i-INR ehleliwe imvamisa iphakathi kuka-2 no-3.5.

Uma igazi lakho livaleka ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esijwayelekile, mhlawumbe awunakho ukuphazamiseka kokopha. Uma u kukhona ukuthatha i-thinner yegazi, ihlwili kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukwakheka. Udokotela wakho uzonquma isikhathi sakho sokuvala umgomo.

Uma igazi lakho lingagubhi ngesikhathi esijwayelekile, unga:

• ube kumthamo ongafanele we-warfarin
• unesifo sesibindi
• ube nokushoda kukavithamini K
• unesifo sokopha, njengokushoda kwesici II

Uma unenkinga yokopha, udokotela wakho angancoma ukwelashwa ngokufaka izinto esikhundleni noma ukufakwa kwama-platelet egazi noma i-plasma efriziwe entsha.