Ukuhlolwa kwe-PSA: kuyini, kwenzelwa ini nokuthi uwuqonde kanjani umphumela

-Delile

• Yenzelwe ini
• Uwuqonda kanjani umphumela wokuhlolwa
• Yini i-PSA yamahhala?
• PSA ukuminyana nesivinini

I-PSA, eyaziwa njenge-Prostatic Specific Antigen, iyi-enzyme ekhiqizwa ngamaseli endlala yesinye isibalo esikhuphukayo sokuhlushwa kungakhombisa ushintsho ku-Prostate, njenge-prostatitis, i-benign prostatic hypertrophy noma umdlavuza wesinye, isibonelo.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PSA kuvamise ukukhonjiswa okungenani kanye ngonyaka kubo bonke abesilisa abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-45 ubudala, kepha kungasetshenziswa noma nini lapho kukhona ukusola kwanoma ikuphi ukungahambi kahle komchamo noma kwendlala yesinye. Ukuhlolwa kwe-PSA kulula futhi akunabuhlungu futhi kwenziwa elebhu ngokuqoqa isampula segazi elincane.

Ngokuvamile, amadoda aphilile anenani eliphelele le-PSA elingaphansi kuka-2.5 ng / ml, ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala engama-65, noma ngaphansi kuka-4.0 no / ml, ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65. Ukwanda kwenani lokuhlungwa kwe-PSA akubonisi njalo ngomdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa, futhi kudingeka ezinye izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Kodwa-ke, esimweni somdlavuza wesibeletho, inani le-PSA lingahlala lijwayelekile futhi, ngakho-ke, ukusola umdlavuza kufanele kuqinisekiswe njalo ngokunye ukuhlolwa kokuxilongwa, njengokuhlolwa kwamakholomu edijithali, i-MRI kanye ne-biopsy.

Yenzelwe ini

Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlolwa kwe-PSA kuyalwa ngudokotela ukuthi ahlole ukuthi kungenzeka kube khona inkinga ye-prostate efana nale:

• Ukuvuvukala kweprostate, okwaziwa njenge-prostatitis (acute noma okungamahlalakhona);
• I-Benign prostatic hypertrophy, eyaziwa njenge-BPH;
• Umdlavuza wendlala yesinye.

Kodwa-ke, inani le-PSA lingabuye lenyuswe ngenxa yokutheleleka komchamo, ukugcinwa komchamo noma ngenxa yezinqubo zokwelashwa zakamuva esifundeni, njenge-cystoscopy, ukuhlolwa kwamakhompiyutha edijithali, i-biopsy, ukuhlinzwa kwe-prostate noma ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwe-prostate kwe-trans-urethral. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi imiphumela yokuhlolwa ihlolwe ngudokotela oyicelile.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zimbangela ezivame kakhulu, ukukhula kweminyaka, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile, njengamahomoni wesilisa, kungaholela ekwandeni kwe-PSA.

Uwuqonda kanjani umphumela wokuhlolwa

Lapho owesilisa enenani eliphelele le-PSA elingaphezu kuka-4.0 ng / ml, kunconywa ukuphinda isivivinyo ukuqinisekisa inani, futhi uma kugcinwa kubalulekile ukwenza ezinye izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa nokuthola imbangela. Yazi ezinye izivivinyo zokuhlola indlala yesinye.

Ezimweni eziningi, uma kuphakama inani eliphelele le-PSA, kusolwa umdlavuza wendlala yesinye futhi, ngakho-ke, lapho inani likhulu kune-10 ng / ml, amathuba okuba nomdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa angama-50%. Inani le-PSA lingahluka ngeminyaka, imikhuba yabantu kanye nelabhorethri lapho kwenziwa khona ukuhlolwa. Ngokuvamile, amanani esethenjwa e-PSA yilawa:

• Kuze kube yiminyaka engama-65: Ingqikithi ye-PSA efinyelela ku-2.5 ng / mL;
• Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65: Ingqikithi ye-PSA efinyelela ku-4 ng / mL.

Amadoda ane-PSA athathwa njengokujwayelekile futhi anamaqhuqhuva ekuhlolweni kwamakholomu edijithali anengozi enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa kunamadoda anenani eliphakeme kakhulu le-PSA.

Ukuze wazi kahle ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini ushintsho ku-Prostate, ophakathi uncoma ukwenza isilinganiso se-PSA yamahhala kanye nobudlelwano phakathi kwe-PSA yamahhala ne-PSA ephelele, okubalulekile ekutholeni umdlavuza wesinye.

Yini i-PSA yamahhala?

Lapho owesilisa ene-PSA ephelele ngaphezu kokujwayelekile, udokotela womchamo ukhombisa ukutholakala kwe-PSA yamahhala, ukwenza ngcono uphenyo lomdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa. Ngokuya ngomphumela we-PSA yamahhala nephelele, kwenziwa ubudlelwano phakathi kwale miphumela emibili ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ushintsho ku-prostate luyingozi noma lubi yini, lapho-ke kunconywa i-prostate biopsy.

Lapho isilinganiso esiphakathi kwe-PSA yamahhala nengqikithi singaphezu kuka-15%, kuyinkomba yokuthi i-prostate ekhulisiwe ayinabungozi, engakhombisa ukuthi izifo ezinobungozi ziyakhula, njenge-benign prostatic hypertrophy noma ukutheleleka kwe-urinary tract, ngokwesibonelo. Kodwa-ke, lapho lesi silinganiso singaphansi kuka-15%, imvamisa sikhomba umdlavuza wesinye, futhi kunconywa ne-prostate biopsy ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa bese kuqala ukwelashwa. Qonda ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani i-prostate biopsy.

PSA ukuminyana nesivinini

I-urologist futhi ingahlola ukuminyana nesivinini se-PSA, ubukhulu be-PSA, ukusola okukhulu kokuba khona komdlavuza wendlala yesinye futhi, esimweni senani lejubane le-PSA, kukhuphuke ngaphezu kuka-0.75 ng / ml ngamunye unyaka noma ukwanda ngokushesha kubalulekile ukuphinda izivivinyo, ngoba kungakhombisa umdlavuza.