Uyini uRubella nokunye ukungabaza okujwayelekile okungu-7

-Delile

• 1. Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?
• 2. Yikuphi ukuhlolwa okuqinisekisa i-rubella?
• 3. Yini ebangela i-rubella?
• 4. Ingabe i-rubella ekukhulelweni ibucayi?
• 5. I-rubella ingavinjelwa kanjani?
• 6. Yelashwa kanjani?
• 7. Ingabe umuthi wokugomela i-rubella ulimaza?

I-Rubella yisifo esithathelwanayo kakhulu esibanjwa emoyeni futhi sibangelwa igciwane lohlobo I-Rubivirus. Lesi sifo sizibonakalisa ngezimpawu ezifana namabala amancane abomvu esikhunjeni azungezwe ngokubomvu okukhanyayo, asakazeke emzimbeni wonke, nasemkhuhlane.

Ukwelashwa kwaso kuphela ukulawula izimpawu, futhi ngokujwayelekile, lesi sifo asinazo izinkinga ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, ukungcoliswa kwe-rubella ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaba kubi kakhulu, ngakho-ke, uma owesifazane engakaze axhumane nalesi sifo noma engakaze athole umuthi wokugomela lesi sifo, kufanele agonywe ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.

1. Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?

I-Rubella ivame kakhulu ngasekupheleni kobusika nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo futhi imvamisa izibonakalisa ngalezi zimpawu nezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Imfiva efinyelela ku-38º C;
• Amabala abomvu aqala ukuvela ebusweni nangemuva kwendlebe bese eqhubeka eqonde ezinyaweni, izinsuku ezingaba zintathu;
• Ikhanda;
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha;
• Kunzima ukugwinya;
• Ikhala eliminyene;
• Izilimi ezivuvukile ikakhulukazi entanyeni;
• Amehlo abomvu.

I-Rubella ingathinta izingane kanye nabantu abadala futhi yize kungabhekwa njengesifo sobuntwana, akuvamile ukuthi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-4 zibe nalesi sifo.

2. Yikuphi ukuhlolwa okuqinisekisa i-rubella?

Udokotela angafika ekuhlolweni kwe-rubella ngemuva kokubona izimpawu nokufakazela ukuthi isifo sikhona ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okukhomba ubukhona be-antibodies ye-IgG ne-IgM.

Ngokuvamile uma unamasosha omzimba we-IgM kusho ukuthi unegciwane, kanti ukutholakala kwama-antibodies e-IgG kuvame kakhulu kulabo abake baba nalesi sifo esikhathini esedlule noma kulabo abagonyiwe.

3. Yini ebangela i-rubella?

I-ejenti ye-etiologic ye-rubella yigciwane lohlobo I-Rubivirus esidluliseka kalula kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye ngamaconsi amancane amathe, angagcina esatshalaliswa emvelweni lapho umuntu onalesi sifo ethimula, ekhwehlela noma ekhuluma, isibonelo.

Imvamisa, umuntu one-rubella angasidlulisa lesi sifo cishe amasonto amabili noma kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zesikhumba zinyamalala ngokuphelele.

4. Ingabe i-rubella ekukhulelweni ibucayi?

Yize i-rubella iyisifo esijwayelekile futhi esilula ebuntwaneni, lapho ivela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ingadala ukukhubazeka enganeni, ikakhulukazi uma owesifazane okhulelwe ethintana naleli gciwane ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala.

Ezinye zezinkinga ezivame kakhulu ezingavela ku-rubella ekukhulelweni zifaka i-autism, ubuthulu, ubumpumputhe noma i-microcephaly, ngokwesibonelo. Bona ezinye izinkinga ezingaba khona nokuthi ungazivikela kanjani ku-rubella ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ngakho-ke, kungcono kakhulu kubo bonke abesifazane ukuthi bagonywe ebuntwaneni noma, okungenani, inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, ukuze bavikeleke kuleligciwane.

5. I-rubella ingavinjelwa kanjani?

Indlela engcono yokuvimbela i-rubella ukuthatha umuthi wokugoma ophindwe kathathu wegciwane elivikela isimungumungwane, umkhuhlane wenkukhu kanye ne-rubella, noma useyingane. Imvamisa umuthi wokugoma usetshenziswa ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-15, ezidinga umthamo wokulekelela ophakathi kweminyaka emi-4 nengu-6 ubudala.

Noma ngubani ongazange awuthole lo mgomo noma isikhuthazi sakhe ebuntwaneni angawuthatha nganoma yisiphi isigaba, ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngoba lo mgomo ungaholela ekuphuphumeni kwesisu noma ekukhubekeni kwengane.

6. Yelashwa kanjani?

Njengoba i-rubella iyisifo ngokuvamile esingenayo imiphumela emibi, ukwelashwa kwaso kuqukethe ukukhulula izimpawu, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuphuza amaphilisi ezinhlungu nokulawula imfiva, njengeParacetamol neDipyrone, ebhalwe ngudokotela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuphumula futhi uphuze uketshezi oluningi ukugwema ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi nokwenza lula ukuqeda igciwane emzimbeni.

Izinkinga ezihlobene ne-rubella azivamile, kepha zingenzeka kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, angenzeka lapho belashwa i-AIDS, umdlavuza noma ngemuva kokuthola ukufakelwa. Lezi zinkinga zingaba ubuhlungu obuhlangene, obubangelwa i-arthritis ne-encephalitis. Bona ezinye izinkinga ze-rubella.

7. Ingabe umuthi wokugomela i-rubella ulimaza?

Umuthi wokugomela i-rubella uphephe kakhulu, uma nje uphathwe ngendlela efanele, usiza ukuvikela lesi sifo, noma ngabe igciwane lihlangana nomzimba. Kodwa-ke, lo muthi wokugoma ungaba yingozi uma ufakwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi phakathi ne-trimester yokuqala, njengoba igciwane elikhona emuthini wokugoma, noma ngabe lincishisiwe, lingaholela ekuphambekeni kwengane. Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, umuthi wokugoma uphephile futhi kufanele uphathwe.

Bona ukuthi kufanele ungawutholi nini umuthi wokugomela i-rubella.