Yini i-rubella yokuzalwa kanye nendlela yokwelapha

-Delile

• Izimpawu zerubella yokuzalwa
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Indlela yokwelapha

I-Congenital rubella syndrome yenzeka ezinganeni ezinonina ababexhumana negciwane le-rubella ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi abangazange belashwe. Ukuthintana kwengane negciwane le-rubella kungaholela emiphumeleni eminingana, ikakhulukazi maqondana nokukhula kwayo, ngoba leli gciwane liyakwazi ukudala ukubalwa kwezinye izifunda ebuchosheni, ngaphezu kwezinkinga zokungezwa nezokubona, ngokwesibonelo.

Izingane ezine-rubella ezalwa nazo kufanele zelashwe ngemitholampilo, zihlinzwe futhi zivuselelwe ebuntwaneni ukuze zenze ngcono izinga lazo lokuphila. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba lesi sifo singadluliselwa sisuka komunye umuntu siye komunye ngomgudu wokuphefumula nomchamo kuze kube unyaka owodwa, kunconywa ukuthi ugcinwe kude nezinye izingane ezingakagonywanga bese uqala ukuya enkulisa kusukela ngosuku lokuqala. yokuphila noma lapho odokotela bekhombisa ukuthi akusekho bungozi bokudluliswa kwezifo.

Indlela engcono yokuvimbela i-rubella kungukugoma, futhi umthamo wokuqala kufanele unikezwe ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ubudala. Endabeni yabesifazane abafuna ukukhulelwa kodwa abangakagonyelwe i-rubella, umuthi wokugoma ungathathwa ngomthamo owodwa, kepha-ke, umuntu kufanele alinde cishe inyanga eyodwa ukuthi akhulelwe, ngoba umuthi wokugoma wenziwa ngegciwane elincishisiwe . Funda kabanzi ngomuthi wokugoma we-rubella.

Izimpawu zerubella yokuzalwa

I-rubella ezalwa nayo ingatholakala ngisho nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngemuva kokuzalwa ngokuya ngokubheka ezinye zezici zomzimba nezomtholampilo, ngoba igciwane le-rubella lingaphazamisa ukukhula kwengane. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu ze-rubella yokuzalwa yilezi:

• Izinkinga zokuzwa, njengokungezwa, ngokwesibonelo, ezingabonakala ngokuhlolwa kwezindlebe. Thola ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwendlebe kwenziwa kanjani;
• Izinkinga zokubona, ezinjenge-cataract, i-glaucoma noma ubumpumputhe, ezingatholakala ngokuhlola iso. Bona ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwamehlo kwenzelwe ini;
• IMeningoencephalitis, okuwukuvuvukala ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zobuchopho;
• I-Purpura, okuyizindawo ezincane ezibomvu ezivela esikhunjeni ezinganyamalali lapho zicindezelwa;
• Izinguquko zenhliziyo, ezingabonakala nge-ultrasound;
• I-Thrombocytopenia, ehambelana nokwehla kwenani lama-platelet.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, igciwane le-rubella lingadala ushintsho lwe-neuronal, okuholele ekubambezelekeni kwengqondo, nasekubalweni kwezinye izindawo zobuchopho kanye ne-microcephaly, imikhawulo yayo ingaba nzima kakhulu. Ingane nayo ingaxilongwa inezinye izinguquko, ezinjengesifo sikashukela kanye ne-autism, ize ibe neminyaka engu-4, yingakho kudingekile ukuthi ihambisane nodokotela abaningana ukuze kusungulwe indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa.

Izinkinga ezinkulu nokukhubazeka kuyabonakala ezinganeni ezinonina abatheleleke ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa, kepha noma ngabe okhulelwe ethelelekile esigabeni sokugcina sokukhulelwa, igciwane le-rubella lingahlangana nengane futhi liholele kuzinguquko kuye intuthuko.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-rubella yokuzalwa kusenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngokulinganisa amasosha omzimba alwa ne-rubella ekhona egazini likamama noma ngokuhlukanisa igciwane ku-amniotic fluid, okuwuketshezi oluvikela ingane.

I-rubella serology kufanele yenziwe ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa, kanye nezinye izivivinyo ezibalulekile, futhi ingaphindwa uma owesifazane okhulelwe enezimpawu ze-Rubella noma exhumana nabantu abanalesi sifo. Bona ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo lowo wesifazane okhulelwe okudingeka azenze.

Uma ukuxilongwa kwe-rubella yokuzalwa kungakenziwa okwamanje ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi umama angenwe yigciwane, kubalulekile ukuthi udokotela wezingane ahambisane nengane, abone ukubambezeleka okungenzeka ekukhuleni kwayo.

Indlela yokwelapha

Ukwelashwa kwe-rubella yokuzalwa kuyahlukahluka kuyehluka komunye kuya komunye, njengoba izimpawu azifani nazo zonke izingane ezine-rubella yokuzalwa.

Izinkinga ze-rubella yokuzalwa azelapheki ngaso sonke isikhathi, kepha ukwelashwa, ukwelashwa nokuhlinzwa kufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze ingane ikhule kangcono. Ngakho-ke, lezi zingane kufanele zihambisane nethimba elenziwe ngudokotela wezingane, udokotela wenhliziyo, udokotela wezifo zamehlo kanye nodokotela wezinzwa, futhi kufanele benze izikhathi ze-physiotherapy ukwenza ngcono ukukhula kwabo kwezimoto nobuchopho, futhi bangahle badinge usizo lokuhamba nokudla, ngokwesibonelo.

Ukwehlisa izimpawu, udokotela futhi angancoma ukusetshenziswa kwamaphilisi ezinhlungu, imithi yomkhuhlane, izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala kanye nama-immunoglobulin.